惊目外触,恐自内起。内经论惊必伤肝,恐则伤肾。丹溪谓上升之气,多从肝出,谓厥
阳暴升莫制,则气塞于上,阴不上承,即天地不能交泰,而为痞塞。至于梦扰筋缩,乃精气不能
护神,神无所根据,用药当镇其怯,益其虚,渐引道以致二气之交合。是为医之能事。
尾闾尻骨先痛,继以溲溺淋闭,兼有瘀血。夫督脉部位,隶于太阳脉络,气坠频溺,点
滴不爽,分利清热愈痛。古贤每以软剂温药,升任督之气。按经旨以治病,谅无误矣。
鹿茸 当归头 淡苁蓉 巴戟 枸杞 沙蒺藜
脘下胀及少腹,疏肝平胃,不应肾气,加辛香又不应,食物仍进,二便仍利。病既非停
着有形之滞,自属阳微气结,议与通阳润剂。
阿魏 麝香
丸服。
新产不满百日,天暑汗出气泄,加以澡浴汤蒸,更助开发,阳浮左升,阴弱莫制,遂喉
痒咳逆,牵连左胁及气街背部皆痛。盖产后肝血未充,肾液未足,奇经诸脉,悉皆怯弱。阴亏阳
炽,血不能荣养筋脉,法当味浓质静,流护至阴之藏,兼温养奇经。
阿胶 生地 鸡子黄 白芍 豆皮 石决明
再诊 考足厥阴肝经,过胃贯膈上,循喉咙,因肝阴少藏阳气,有升无降,每交暮夜,
咳甚如哕。戌亥乃肝阴旺时,肝阳扰胃,则阳明脉衰,四肢倦怠,面色青晦,阳化内风,掀越鼓
动,为肌浮偏肿,心无液养,似嘈非嘈,似痛非痛,热酿涎沫,吐出复聚。余不以咳嗽为治
,急于流护至阴静,制风阳内鼓,夜分更以胃药助之。
午服
鸡子黄 白芍 枸杞子 阿胶 甘草 炙草
暮服
人参 南枣 秋石
据述久有胃痛,当年因痛吐蛔,服资生丸,消补相投,用八味丸,温润不合。凭脉论症
,向时随发随愈,今病发一月,痛止不纳,口
味酸浊,假寐未久,忽躁热头汗淋漓,口不渴饮。凡肝病必犯胃府,且攻涤寒热等药,必先
入胃以分,布药不对,病更伤胃气。胃司九窍,清浊既乱于中,焉有下行为顺之理。上下不
宣,状如关格,但关格乃阴枯阳结,圣贤尤以为难。今是胃伤困乏,清阳不司旋运,斯为异
歧,不必以寒之不应而投热。但主伤在无形,必图清气宣通,则为善治程法。《金匮》大半
夏汤。
惊骇由外物触动引起,恐惧从内心产生。《内经》论述说,惊骇必然损伤肝脏,恐惧则损伤肾脏。朱丹溪认为,上升的气机多从肝脏发出,如果厥阳之气突然升发而失去控制,就会导致气机壅塞于上部,阴气不能上承,这就如同天地之间不能交泰一样,从而形成痞塞不通。至于梦中惊扰、筋脉拘挛收缩,这是因为精气不能护卫心神,导致神志无所依托。用药应当镇摄其怯弱,补益其虚损,逐渐引导以使阴阳二气重新交合。这就是医生能够胜任的职责。
尾闾和骶骨部位首先疼痛,随后出现小便淋漓闭塞的症状,兼有瘀血阻滞。督脉的循行部位隶属于太阳经脉的脉络,气机下坠且频繁想排尿,但点滴难出,若使用分利清热的药物会使疼痛加剧。古代贤医常使用柔润的药物配合温性药物,以升提任脉和督脉的气机。按照经络理论来治疗疾病,想必不会出错。
鹿茸 当归头 淡苁蓉 巴戟天 枸杞子 沙蒺藜
胃脘下方胀满并波及少腹,采用疏肝平胃的方法无效;肾气不足时,加入辛香开窍的药物也无效,但饮食仍能进食,大小便依然通畅。既然病邪并非停滞在体内的有形实邪,自然属于阳气微弱、气机郁结,建议给予通阳润燥的药物。
阿魏 麝香
制成丸剂服用。
产后不满一百天,正值天气炎热出汗导致气随汗泄,又加上洗澡蒸浴,进一步助长阳气开发,导致阳气浮越向左上升,阴液虚弱无法制约,于是出现喉咙痒、咳嗽气逆,牵连左侧胁肋以及气街(足阳明胃经循行部位)和背部都疼痛。大概是因为产后肝血尚未充盈,肾精津液尚未充足,奇经八脉全都怯弱。阴液亏损而阳气炽盛,血液不能荣养筋脉,治法应当选用味道浓厚、质地静守的药物,流动养护至阴之脏(肾),同时温养奇经。
复诊:考察足厥阴肝经,经过胃部贯穿膈肌向上,沿着喉咙。因为肝阴不足而藏不住阳气,导致阳气有升无降,每到傍晚夜晚时分,咳嗽严重得像干呕一样。戌时和亥时是肝阴旺盛的时候,肝阳扰动胃腑,导致阳明脉气衰弱,四肢倦怠,面色青暗晦滞,阳气化生内风,掀动鼓荡,导致肌肤浮肿偏侧肿胀,心中没有津液滋养,感觉似嘈杂非嘈杂,似疼痛非疼痛,热邪酝酿成痰涎泡沫,吐出后又聚集。我不以止咳为治疗重点,急于流动养护至阴使之安静,制约风阳在内鼓动,夜间再用调理胃气的药物辅助。
午间服用
鸡子黄 白芍 枸杞子 阿胶 甘草 炙甘草
暮间服用
人参 南枣 秋石
据叙述长期患有胃痛,当年因为疼痛呕吐出蛔虫,服用资生丸,消食与补益相互兼顾;后来用八味丸,温润之法不合病情。根据脉象讨论症状,以往发病随即痊愈,现在发病一个月,疼痛停止但不能进食,口中有酸浊味道,短暂小睡未久,忽然烦躁发热头部大汗淋漓,口不渴不想饮水。凡是肝病必然会侵犯胃腑,而且攻伐涤除寒热等药物,必须先入胃进行分布,如果布药不当,病情会更伤胃气。胃主管九窍,清浊之气在中焦已经混乱,怎么会有向下运行顺畅的道理呢?上下气机不宣通,症状类似关格证,但关格证乃是阴枯阳结,圣贤尚且认为难以治疗。现在是胃气受伤困乏,清阳之气不能主持旋转运化,这是不同的歧路,不必因为用寒凉药无效就投用热药。只要主治在于无形的损伤,必须谋求清气宣通,这才是良好的治疗程序和方法。《金匮要略》中的大半夏汤。
Startling is caused by external stimuli, while fear arises from within. The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) states that startling inevitably injures the Liver, and fear injures the Kidney. Zhu Danxi argued that ascending Qi mostly originates from the Liver; if Jue-Yang (Jue-Yang, rebellious Yang) rises violently and uncontrollably, Qi becomes obstructed in the upper body, Yin fails to ascend, resulting in a failure of Heaven and Earth to interact harmoniously, leading to palpitations and obstruction. Regarding restless dreams and tendon contraction, this occurs because Essence and Qi fail to protect the Spirit, leaving the Spirit without support. Medication should be used to calm timidity and tonify deficiency, gradually guiding the interaction and combination of Yin and Yang. This constitutes the competent duty of a physician.
Pain initially occurs at the tailbone (Weilu) and sacrum, followed by dribbling and retention of urine, accompanied by blood stasis. The region of the Du Mai (Governing Vessel) belongs to the meridians and collaterals of the Taiyang (Greater Yang). With Qi sinking and frequent urination attempts but only scanty drops, using diuretic and heat-clearing methods exacerbates the pain. Ancient sages often employed softening agents combined with warm herbs to raise the Qi of the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) and Du Mai. Treating according to the meridian principles ensures no error.
Lu Rong (Deer Antler), Dang Gui Tou (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, head part), Dan Cong Rong (Cistanche Deserticola), Ba Ji Tian (Morinda Officinalis), Gou Qi Zi (Lycium Fruit), Sha Ji Li (Tribulus Terrestris).
Distension below the epigastrium extending to the lower abdomen was unresponsive to soothing the Liver and harmonizing the Stomach; adding acrid-aromatic herbs for deficient Kidney Qi also failed. However, food intake remains normal, and bowel/bladder movements are clear. Since the pathology is not due to tangible stagnation, it naturally belongs to mild Yang deficiency and Qi knotting. It is proposed to use moistening agents to unblock Yang.
A Wei (Ferula Assa-foetida), She Xiang (Musk).
To be taken as pills.
Less than one hundred days postpartum, during hot weather with sweating and Qi leakage, further aggravated by bathing and steaming which aids Yang development, Yang floats and ascends on the left, while Yin is too weak to control it. Consequently, there is throat itching, coughing, and counterflow Qi, involving pain in the left hypochondrium, Qijie (acupoint ST25 or general pathway along the stomach meridian), and back. Generally, postpartum Liver Blood is insufficient, and Kidney fluids are lacking; all the extraordinary vessels are weak. Yin deficiency with blazing Yang means Blood cannot nourish the tendons and vessels. The method should employ flavors that are rich and substances that are still, flowing to protect the Zhi-Yin (Supreme Yin/Kidney) organ, while simultaneously warming and nourishing the extraordinary vessels.
E Jiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root), Ji Zi Huang (Egg Yolk), Bai Shao (White Peony Root), Dou Pi (Pericarpium Sojae Preparatum/Douchi skin), Shi Jue Ming (Argopecten Irradiatus Shell).
Second consultation: Examining the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, it passes through the Stomach, pierces the diaphragm, and ascends along the throat. Because Liver Yin is insufficient to store Yang Qi, Yang has ascent but no descent. Every evening and night, coughing becomes severe, resembling hiccups. Xu and Hai hours (7 PM - 11 PM) are when Liver Yin is vigorous. Liver Yang disturbs the Stomach, causing Yangming Meridian Qi to decline, limbs to feel fatigued, complexion to appear green and dull. Yang transforms into internal wind, stirring and pulsating, causing floating and asymmetric swelling of the muscles. The Heart lacks fluid nourishment, feeling like discomfort rather than true discomfort, like pain rather than true pain. Heat brews phlegm-saliva, which is spat out and then re-aggregates. I do not treat the cough primarily; instead, I urgently seek to flow-nourish Supreme Yin to make it quiet, restraining the internal drumming of Wind-Yang. At night, Stomach-regulating medicines are used to assist.
Taken at noon:
Ji Zi Huang (Egg Yolk), Bai Shao (White Peony Root), Gou Qi Zi (Lycium Fruit), E Jiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root).
Taken at dusk:
Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Nan Zao (Chinese Date), Qiu Shi (Sea Salt Crystals).
According to the account, there has been long-standing stomach pain. In the past, vomiting roundworms occurred due to pain, and Zisheng Wan was taken, balancing elimination and tonification. Later, Bawei Wan was used, but its warm-moistening nature did not suit the condition. Based on pulse and symptoms, previously attacks would resolve spontaneously. Now, the disease has lasted a month; although pain has ceased, food cannot be retained. The mouth tastes sour and turbid. After a brief nap, sudden irritability, fever, and profuse sweating on the head occur, yet there is no thirst or desire to drink. All Liver diseases inevitably invade the Stomach Fu. Moreover, drugs that attack and cleanse cold and heat must first enter the Stomach to distribute; if medication distribution is incorrect, the pathology further injures Stomach Qi. The Stomach governs the nine orifices; once clear and turbid are chaotic in the middle, how can downward movement be smooth? Upper and lower Qi do not communicate, resembling Guange (Guange, difficulty in swallowing and vomiting/urinating). However, Guange is characterized by Yin exhaustion and Yang knotting, which even sages consider difficult. Here, the Stomach is injured and exhausted, and Clear Yang fails to rotate and transport. This is a different deviation. One need not administer heat-inducing drugs just because cold-inducing ones failed. The injury lies in the formless realm; one must strive for the diffusion and unblocking of Clear Qi. This is the proper therapeutic procedure. Banxia Houpo Tang (Major Pinellia Decoction) from *Jingui Yaolue*.