〔许氏(知可)注解伤寒百证歌〕书录解题三卷 存
洪迈曰。许叔微。字知可。真州人。家素贫。梦人告之曰。汝欲登科。须积阴德。许度力不足。惟从事于医。
乃可。遂留意方书。久之所活不可胜计。复梦前人持一诗来赠之。其词曰。药有阴功。陈楼间处。堂上呼卢。喝
六作五。既觉。姑记之于牍。绍兴壬子。第六人登科。用升甲恩数第五。得职官。其上陈祖言。其下楼材也。梦
已先定矣。呼胪。谓胪传之义耳。(夷坚乙志)
陈振孙曰。伤寒歌三卷。许叔微撰。凡百篇。皆本仲景法。又有治法八十一篇。及仲景脉法三十六图。翼伤
寒论三卷。辨类五卷。皆未见。
钱曾曰。张仲景注解伤寒百证歌五卷。翰林学士白沙许叔微知可述。述者。推明仲景之意。而申言之也。(
读书敏求记)
汪琥曰。伤寒百证歌。许学士述。书凡五卷。其自序云。论伤寒而不读仲景书。犹为儒而不知有孔子六经也。
于是取仲景方论。编成歌诀一百证。以便后学之记习。其中间或有仲景无方者。辄取千金等方以编入。其第三十
证。则以食积虚烦寒痰香港脚似伤寒者。采朱肱孙尚之说以补入。又第五十一证发斑歌云。温毒热病。两者皆至发斑。
其注中。复采巢氏病源论以补入。此皆有裨于仲景者也。
〔徐氏(彬)注许氏伤寒百证歌〕未见
徐彬曰。古来伤寒之圣。唯张仲景。其能推尊仲景而发明者。唯许叔微为最。自陶节庵之书出。而药味胡乱。
尽失张许之意。春初已注叔微伤寒百证歌。即欲付梓。使学人无临证之惑云。
〔许氏(叔微)发微论〕二卷 存
汪琥曰。伤寒发微论。宋翰林学士白沙许叔微知可述。书分上下二卷。共论二十二篇。其首论伤寒七十二证
候。次论桂枝汤用赤白芍药。三论伤寒慎用丸子药。六论伤寒以真气为主。十论桂枝肉桂。十五论动脉阴阳不同。
此皆发明仲景微奥之旨。书名发微。称其实矣。
〔伤寒治法八十一篇〕佚
〔翼伤寒论〕二卷 佚
〔辨类〕五卷 佚
〔李氏(柽)伤寒要旨〕宋志一卷(书录解题作二卷)佚
陈振孙曰。伤寒要旨二卷。李柽撰。列方于前。而类证于后。皆不外仲景。
〔汤氏(尹才)伤寒解惑论〕国史经籍志一卷 存
自序曰。解惑论之作。非务新奇。而沽世誉也。一本于仲景之正经。且仲景之书。昔人以金匮名之。其贵
重如此。无求子谓孙思邈未能详仲景之用心。夫如是。岂庸人粗工。能究其仿佛哉。愚因三余。将伤寒或两证相
近。而用药不同者。或汗下失度。而辨证不明者。冷厥热厥之异宜。阳毒阴毒之异候。其间错综互见。未易概举。
辄修举而别白之。庶几洞晓。亦足以见解惑之深意矣。时干道癸巳中秋日。龙溪隐士汤尹才谨序。
按是书。附刊于钱氏百问首卷。末有淳熙壬寅韩玉跋。医藏目录。误为玉所着。
〔郭氏(雍)伤寒补亡论〕二十卷 未见
宋史本传曰。郭雍。字子和。其先洛阳人。父忠孝。官至太中大夫。师事程颐。着易说。号兼山先生。雍传
其父学。通世务。隐居峡州。游浪长杨山谷间。号白云先生。干道中。以峡守任清臣湖北帅张孝祥荐于朝。旌召
不起。赐号冲晦处士。孝宗稔知其贤。每对辅臣称道之。命所在列郡。岁时致礼存问。更封颐正先生。令部使者。
遣官就问。雍所欲言。备录缴进。于是雍年八十有三矣。淳熙初。学人裒集程颢程颐张载游酢杨时及忠孝雍凡七
家。为大易粹言行世。淳熙十四年卒。
朱子郭冲晦医书跋曰。绍熙甲寅夏。予赴长沙。道过新喻。谒见故焕章阁学士谢公昌国于其家。公为留饮。
语及长阳冲晦郭公先生言行甚悉。因出医书历书数帙曰。此先生所着也。予于二家之学。皆所未习。不能有以测
其说之浅深。则请以归。将以暇日熟读而精求之。而公私倥偬。水陆奔驰。终岁不得休。复未暇也。明年夏大病
几死。适会故人子王汉伯纪。自金华来访。而亲友方士繇伯谟亦自藉溪来。同视予疾,数日间乃若粗有生意。间
及谢公所授长阳医书。二君亟请观焉。乃出以视。则皆惊喜曰。此奇书也。盖其说虽若一出古经。而无所益损。
然古经之深浅浩博难寻。而此书分别部居易见也。安得广其流布。使世之举为方者。家藏而人诵之。以知古昔圣
贤医道之源委。而不病其难耶。予念蔡忠惠公之守长乐。疾巫觋主病。蛊毒杀人之奸。既禁绝之。而又择民之聪
明者。教以医药,使治疾病。此仁人之心也。
今闽帅詹卿元善实补蔡公之处。而政以慈惠为先。试以语之。傥有意耶。亟以扣之。而元善报曰敬诺。乃属二君。
雠正刊补。而书其本末如此以寄之。抑予谓古人之于脉。其察之固非一道。然今世通行。唯寸关尺之法为最要。
且其说具于难经之首编。则亦非下俚俗说也。故郭公此书。备载其语。而并用丁德用密排三指之法释之。夫难经
则至矣。至于德用之法。则予窃急诊者之指有肥瘠。病者之臂有长短。以是相求。或未得为定论也。盖尝细考经
之所以分寸尺者。皆自关而前隙。以距乎鱼际尺泽。是则所谓关者。必有一定之处。亦若鱼际尺泽之可以外见而
先识也。然今诸书无的然之论。唯千金以为寸口之处。其骨自高。而关尺皆由是而却取焉。则其言之先后。位之
进退。若与经文不合。独俗间所传脉诀。五七言韵语者。词最鄙浅。非叔和本书明甚。乃能直指高骨为关。而分
其前后。以为寸尺阴阳之位。似独难经本指。然世之高医。以其赝也。遂委弃而羞言之。予非精于道者。不能有
以正也。姑附见其说于此。以俟明者而折中焉。庆元元年乙卯岁五月丙午。鸿庆外史新安朱熹书。(文集)
赵 曰 河南处士郭公子和。尝于其修己治经之余。取张氏书。精意研覃。补其阙略。子朱子为叙。以表章
之。沙随程公可久亦有论著。今传者罕矣。(新安文献志赵秉山医说)
汪琥曰。伤寒补亡论。河南郭雍撰次。书凡二十卷。其第一卷。设为问答。以伤寒名列居前。附以叙论治法。
及刺热等法。其第二第三卷。乃辨脉平脉法。第四卷。自叙六经统论。继之以太阳六经证治。至五六七卷。皆系
仲景原论。其间有论而无方者。既补以庞安时常器之两家之说。郭氏后为之校补于后。第八卷至十二卷。则叙汗
吐下温灸刺。及用
水用火之法。第十三至十五卷。则叙两感阴阳易。及病后劳复等二十余。其第十六卷。系阙文。第十七十八卷。
则叙痉湿 等九证。及似伤寒诸证。其第十九二十卷。则叙妇人小儿伤寒。并痘疹诸证。是皆郭氏采素难千金外
台活人等方论。以补仲景之阙略。治伤寒者。不可以不知也。琥按郭雍字白云。不知何代人。考古今医统书目。
元人徐止善曾作是书。今其书不传。想郭氏必后于徐。而重为撰次者也。
按汪琥以郭子和。为元以后人。失考其书所载常器之考医垒元戎。引王朝奉论。又记其语。盖朝奉即宣和中
名医。贶字子亨。撰指迷方者。外科精要。载史源痈疽灸法论序曰。甲戌年。自太学归省。国医常颖士器之适在
府下。求为母子一诊云。源者孝宗时右相浩弟。所谓甲戌。当是高宗绍兴二十四年也。据此。常器之生于北宋。
而南渡之后。犹健在焉。郭有得其指授。仍多用其说者也。
〔何氏(滋)伤寒辨疑〕读书敏求记一卷 未见
钱曾曰。何滋于干道年间。为保安大夫。诊御脉。兼应奉皇太子宫。撮略仲景书。凡病证之疑似。阴阳之差
殊。共三十种。悉为辨之。使人释然无疑矣。
〔伤寒奥论〕佚
许补之序曰。尝谓人生天地间。感寒暑不正之气。皆足以伤生。然杂病治疗。迟速犹可。独伤寒传变不一。
失之毫厘。死生系焉。可不哀哉。医者苟不详审。诚有学医废人之诮矣。予久欲求访良医。拯救世人夭枉。而苦
未之见。昨留京。闻保安何大夫博采群书。于杂病罔不奏效。诚为当今医国手。然伤寒一出由切。今春会于临川
道旅。扣其延医之法。渠云不患病之难治。但患不识其证耳。乃撮群书。撰伤寒辨疑以授予。其心盖欲使世之医
者。释然无疑耳。继又授
予以仲景家藏伤寒奥论。及叔和脉赋各一编。予读之手不释卷者三日。是书诚足以发伤寒之秘奥。为万世脉经之
要旨。医者苟得是书而留意焉。则治病之际。有所主而不惑。受病之人。有所恃而不恐。俾天下之人。同跻寿域。
仲景之心。视孙思邈华佗。不啻过矣。予不敢秘。敬锓诸梓。以广其传。因信笔而为之序。淳熙三年冬十月。襄
陵许补之书。(是序附刊于伤寒类证便览)
〔李氏(子建)伤寒十劝〕一卷 存
跋曰。予每念父祖但死于伤寒。乃取仲景所着。深绎熟玩。八年之后。始大通悟阴阳经络。病证药性。俱
了然于胸中。缘比年江淮之民。冒寒避寇。得此疾者颇众。遂根据仲景法。随证而施之药。所活不啻数百人。仍知
伤寒本无恶证。皆是妄投药剂所致。因追悼父祖之命。皆为庸医所杀。而又叹人无间于贫富贵贱。于此不能自晓。
则轻付一命于庸工之手也。今辄摭其流俗多误。有害于命者。略闻其说。目曰伤寒十劝。其言不欲成文。冀人易
晓。而以为深戒云。
陈自明曰。今有李子立作伤寒十劝。虽未能尽圣人之万一。其中多有可取。亦不出活人之书。(管见良方)
经验良方曰。伤寒与他证不同。投药一差。生死立判。李子建伤寒十劝。不可不知。人家有病。招医未至。
或无医者。若加此十劝。则不致有误。所益非轻。
按张会卿景岳全书。论十劝之害。其言有理。可以参研焉。
〔程氏(迥)医经正本书〕书录解题一卷 佚
陈振孙曰。知进贤县沙随程迥可久撰。专论伤寒无传染。以救薄俗骨肉相弃绝之蔽。
〔平氏(尧卿)伤寒证类要略〕宋志二卷 未见
汪琥曰。此书二卷。不过就仲景六经证。略取其要。而类集者也。别无发明。
〔伤寒玉鉴新书〕宋志一卷(书录解题作二卷)佚
陈振孙曰。伤寒证类要略二卷。玉鉴新书二卷。汴人平尧卿撰。专为伤寒而作。皆伸景之旧也。亦别未有发
明。
〔屠氏(鹏)四时治要〕读书后志一卷 佚
赵希弁曰。上永嘉屠鹏字时举所着。得文端公溪为之序。陈振孙曰。专为时疾疟痢吐泻伤寒之类。杂病不与。
〔陈氏(孔硕)伤寒泻痢方〕书录解题一卷 佚
陈振孙曰。直龙图阁长乐陈孔硕肤仲撰。
〔吴氏(敏修)伤寒辨疑论〕佚
许衡序曰。先朝国医吴敏修着伤寒辨疑论。实得仲景伤寒之要。先生犹子璋辞后独有其书。顷尝幸得而详读
之。概见先生医学之妙。尝谓医方有仲景。犹儒者有六经也。必有见于此。然后可与议医。然其文古。其义隐。
学人读之。茫然不可涯 。今是书辨析疑似。类括药证。至发先贤之未发。恬后人之未悟。虽愚之不敏。一读且
有开益。彼专门业医者。得是说而推之。所谓茫乎不可涯 者。当了然矣。目曰辨疑。夫岂徒云。己未冬十月戊
戌。河内许衡序。
〔刘氏(开)伤寒直格〕国史经籍志五卷 佚
〔成氏(无己)伤寒论〕宋志一卷 佚
按成氏注解伤寒论。及明理论之外。未闻别有所撰述。意是当指明理论第四卷论方者。张孝忠跋称论方一卷。
岂据以致误者欤。然则论下。当脱一方字。
〔李氏(庆嗣)伤寒纂类〕续文献通考四卷 佚
〔伤寒类〕(金史本传作伤寒论)续文献通考三卷 佚
【许氏(知可)注解伤寒百证歌】书录解题三卷 存
洪迈说:许叔微,字知可,是真州人。家中一向贫穷,梦见有人告诉他说:“你想科举登第,必须积下阴德。”许叔微估量自己的力量不足以做到,只有从事医学这一行,才可以实现愿望。于是留心于医方书籍,久而久之,所救活的人不可胜数。又梦见前一位持诗来赠给他,诗句说:“药有阴功,陈楼间处。堂上呼卢,喝六作五。”醒来后,姑且记在案牍上。绍兴壬子年,他第六名登科,因用升甲恩例数第五,获得职官。他在上呈给祖先的言词中,提到那首诗中的“陈”指他的祖辈,“楼”指楼材(姓氏)。梦境早已注定。所谓“胪”,是指胪传(科举唱名)的意义罢了。(出自《夷坚乙志》)
陈振孙说:《伤寒歌》三卷,由许叔微撰写。共一百篇,都依据张仲景的法度。又有治法八十一篇,以及仲景脉法三十六图,《翼伤寒论》三卷,《辨类》五卷,都没有见到。
钱曾说:《张仲景注解伤寒百证歌》五卷,翰林学士白沙许叔微(字知可)述写。“述”的意思是推明张仲景的本意,并加以申述说明。(出自《读书敏求记》)
汪琥说:《伤寒百证歌》,由许学士(许叔微)述写。全书共五卷。其自序中说:“论述伤寒却不读张仲景的书,就像做儒生却不知孔子的六经一样。”于是选取张仲景的方论,编成一百个证候的歌诀,以便后学记忆学习。其中偶尔有张仲景书中无方剂的,就取《千金方》等书中的方剂编入。第三十证,则是将食积、虚烦、寒痰、香港脚(脚气病)类似伤寒的情况,采录朱肱、孙尚之的说法以补充进去。还有第五十一证《发斑歌》说:“温毒热病,两者都会导致发斑。”其注释中,又采录巢元方《诸病源候论》的内容以补充进去。这些都有助于张仲景的学说。
【徐氏(彬)注许氏伤寒百证歌】未见
徐彬说:古来治疗伤寒的圣人,唯有张仲景。能够推崇张仲景并阐明其义理的,唯有许叔微最为突出。自从陶节庵的书问世后,药味胡乱使用,完全失去了张仲景和许叔微的原意。我在初春已经注释了许叔微的《伤寒百证歌》,随即打算刻印出版,使学习中医的人在临床时没有困惑。
【许氏(叔微)发微论】二卷 存
汪琥说:《伤寒发微论》,由宋代翰林学士白沙许叔微(字知可)述写。全书分上下两卷,共讨论二十二篇。第一篇论述伤寒七十二种证候;第二篇论述桂枝汤中使用赤芍药和白芍药的区别;第三篇论述伤寒慎用丸药;第六篇论述伤寒以真气为主;第十篇论述桂枝与肉桂的区别;第十五篇论述动脉阴阳的不同。这些都是阐发张仲景深奥旨意的内容,书名《发微》,名副其实。
【伤寒治法八十一篇】佚
【翼伤寒论】二卷 佚
【辨类】五卷 佚
【李氏(柽)伤寒要旨】宋志一卷(《书录解题》作二卷)佚
陈振孙说:《伤寒要旨》二卷,由李柽撰写。前方剂列在前面,后病症分类在后面,都不外乎张仲景的学说。
【汤氏(尹才)伤寒解惑论】《国史经籍志》一卷 存
自序说:编写《解惑论》,并非追求新奇以博取名誉,而是完全依据张仲景的正统经典。况且张仲景的书,过去人们称之为《金匮》,其贵重如此。无求子(孙思邈号)认为孙思邈未能详尽了解张仲景的用意。像这样,难道是平庸粗疏的医生能探究其大概的吗?我利用闲暇时间,将伤寒中两种证候相近但用药不同的情况,或者汗法、下法使用失度而辨证不明的情况,冷厥与热厥的不同适宜性,阳毒与阴毒的不同表现,其间错综复杂相互显现,难以一概列举的情况,逐一整理并辨析清楚,希望能透彻理解,这也足以体现《解惑论》的深意了。干道癸巳年中秋节,龙溪隐士汤尹才谨序。
按:这本书附刊在钱氏《百问》的首卷末尾,有淳熙壬寅年韩玉写的跋语。《医藏目录》误认为是韩玉所著。
【郭氏(雍)伤寒补亡论】二十卷 未见
《宋史》本传说:郭雍,字子和,祖先是洛阳人。父亲郭忠孝,官至太中大夫,师从程颐,著有《易说》,号称兼山先生。郭雍继承父亲的学问,通晓世事,隐居在峡州,漫游长杨山谷之间,号称白云先生。干道年间,峡州太守任清臣和湖北帅张孝祥向朝廷推荐他,皇帝征召他不赴任,赐号冲晦处士。宋孝宗熟知他的贤能,每次面对辅佐大臣都称道他。命令所在地的郡县,按时节致礼慰问,改封为颐正先生,令部使者派遣官员去询问他想说的话,详细记录上报。当时郭雍已经八十三岁了。淳熙初年,学者们汇编程颢、程颐、张载、游酢、杨时及郭忠孝、郭雍共七家的著作,刊行《大易粹言》于世。淳熙十四年去世。
朱熹《郭冲晦医书跋》说:绍熙甲寅年夏天,我前往长沙,路过新喻,在家拜见前任焕章阁学士谢昌国公。公留我饮酒,谈到长阳冲晦郭公先生的言行非常详细。于是拿出几箱医书和历书说:“这是先生所著的。”我对这两家学问都未曾修习,无法测度其学说的深浅,请求带回去,打算在空闲时日熟读并精研。然而公私事务繁忙,水陆奔波,整年不得休息,又没空读了。第二年夏天大病几乎死去,恰逢老朋友之子王汉伯纪从金华来访,亲友方士繇伯谟也从藉溪来,一同诊治我的病,几天后身体才稍微好转。闲谈中提到谢公传授的长阳医书,两位朋友急切地请求观看。于是拿出来给他们看,他们都惊喜地说:“这是奇书啊!”大概它的说法虽然好像直接出自古代经典,没有增减,但是古代经典的深浅浩博难以寻找,而这本书分部排列,容易看见。怎么能广泛流传它,使世上开方治病的人,家家收藏人人诵读,从而知道古代圣贤医道的源流,而不抱怨它难懂呢?我想蔡忠惠公治理长乐时,禁止巫觋主病、蛊毒杀人的奸邪行为,既已禁绝,又选择民众中聪明的人,教以医药,使他们治疗疾病,这是仁人的心肠。
如今福建帅詹卿元善实际上填补了蔡公留下的空缺,而施政以慈惠为先。试着把这话告诉他,如果他有意愿呢?急忙去问他,元善回答说:“恭敬地答应。”于是嘱托这两位朋友,校勘订正并刊印补充,并将书的始末这样记录下来寄给他。此外我认为古人对于脉诊,观察的方法固然不止一种,然而当今世通行,唯独寸关尺的方法最重要。况且这种说法具备在《难经》的首篇,所以也不是下层百姓的俗说。因此郭公的这本书,详细记载了这些话,并用丁德用密排三指的方法来解释它。《难经》的理论已经极其完备了,至于丁德用的方法,我私下认为急诊者的手指有肥瘦之分,病人的手臂有长短之别,以此相求,未必能成为定论。曾经仔细考察经典之所以划分分寸尺的原因,都是从关部向前缝隙,距离鱼际穴和尺泽穴。那么所谓的“关”,必然有一个固定的位置,也像鱼际、尺泽那样可以从外部看见并预先识别。然而现在各种书籍没有确切的论述,只有《千金方》认为寸口之处,骨头自然高起,而关部和尺部都是由此向后推算的,那么它所说的先后顺序、位置的进退,似乎与经文不合。唯独民间所传的脉诀,五七言韵语者,文辞最鄙浅,显然不是叔和(王叔和)原书的样子,却能直指高骨为关,并区分前后,作为寸尺阴阳的位置,似乎独得《难经》的本意。然而世上的高明医生,因为它是伪托之作,于是抛弃并羞于谈论。我不是精通大道的人,不能有所纠正。姑且附上这种说法在这里,以等待明理的人来折中判断。庆元元年乙卯岁五月丙午,鸿庆外史新安朱熹书写。(出自文集)
赵秉山说:河南处士郭公子和,曾经在修身治经之余,选取张仲景的书,精心研究,补充其中的缺漏。朱子为之作序,以表彰它。沙随程公可久也有论著,现在流传的很少了。(出自《新安文献志·赵秉山医说》)
汪琥说:《伤寒补亡论》,由河南郭雍撰次。全书共二十卷。第一卷,设为问答形式,以伤寒名列在前面,附有叙论治法,以及刺热等方法。第二、第三卷,是辨脉和平脉法。第四卷,自叙六经统论,接着是太阳经六经证治。到第五、六、七卷,都是系属张仲景的原论,其中有论而无方剂的,既补充了庞安时、常器之两家的说法,郭氏后来又在后面进行校补。第八卷至第十二卷,则叙述汗、吐、下、温、灸、刺,以及用水用火的方法。第十三至第十五卷,则叙述两感、阴阳易,以及病后劳复等二十多种情况。第十六卷,系阙文。第十七、十八卷,则叙述痉、湿等九种证候,以及类似伤寒的各种证候。第十九、二十卷,则叙述妇人、小儿伤寒,并痘疹等各种证候。这些都是郭氏采集《素问》、《难经》、《千金方》、《外台秘要》、《活人书》等方论,以补充张仲景的缺漏。治疗伤寒的人,不可以不知道这些。汪琥按:郭雍字白云,不知是什么朝代的人。考证古今医统书目,元代徐止善曾作过这本书,现在这本书不流传了,想郭氏必定晚于徐氏,而重新撰次的人。
按:汪琥认为郭子和是元以后的人,考证有误。该书所载常器之考据《医垒元戎》,引用王朝奉的论述,又记录他的话。大概朝奉就是宣和年间的名医,名贶,字子亨,著有《指迷方》。《外科精要》记载史源《痈疽灸法论》序曰:“甲戌年,我从太学回家省亲,国医常颖士器之正好在府下,请求为母子二人诊脉。”史源是孝宗时的右相史浩的弟弟。所谓的甲戌年,应当是高宗绍兴二十四年。据此,常器之生于北宋,而在南渡之后,还健在。郭雍得到他的指点,仍多用他的说法。
【何氏(滋)伤寒辨疑】《读书敏求记》一卷 未见
钱曾说:何滋在干道年间,担任保安大夫,诊视御脉,兼应奉皇太子宫。摘录张仲景的书,凡是病证疑似、阴阳差殊的,共三十种,全部加以辨析,使人释然无疑。
【伤寒奥论】佚
许补之序说:我曾经认为人生天地间,感受寒暑不正之气,都足以伤害生命。然而杂病的治疗,快慢还可以商量,唯独伤寒传变不一,失之毫厘,生死攸关,岂不可悲!医者如果不详细审察,确实有“学医废人”的讥笑。我长久以来想寻求良医,拯救世人夭折枉死,但苦于未能见到。昨天留在京城,听说保安何大夫博采群书,对杂病无不奏效,诚为当今的医国高手。然而伤寒一出,由于切脉诊断,今年春天在临川旅途相遇,询问他延请医生的方法,他说:“不怕患病难治,只怕不识其证候。”于是摘录群书,撰写《伤寒辨疑》交给我,他的心意大概是希望世间的医者,释然无疑。随后又授予我《仲景家藏伤寒奥论》及《叔和脉赋》各一编,我读了三天手不释卷。这本书确实足以发越伤寒的秘奥,成为万世脉经的要旨。医者如果得到这本书并留意它,那么在治病之际,有所主而不迷惑;受病之人,有所依靠而不恐惧。使天下的人,同达长寿之境,张仲景的心意,比起孙思邈、华佗,不仅超过而已。我不敢私藏,敬刻于梓木,以广其传播。于是信笔为之序。淳熙三年冬十月,襄陵许补之书。(此序附刊于《伤寒类证便览》)
【李氏(子建)伤寒十劝】一卷 存
跋语说:我常常想到父祖都死于伤寒,于是取张仲景所著的书,深入推究熟悉玩味,八年之后,才大通悟阴阳经络、病证药性,都了然于胸中。因为近年江淮百姓,冒寒躲避寇乱,得此病的人很多,于是根据张仲景的法度,随证施药,所救活的不止数百人。仍然知道伤寒本来没有恶证,都是妄投药剂所致。因而追悼父祖的生命,都被庸医害死,又感叹人们无论贫富贵贱,对此不能自己明白,就把轻率的一条命交给庸医之手。现在我就摘取流俗多误、有害于生命的情况,略闻其说,命名为《伤寒十劝》,言语不想写成文章,希望人们容易明白,并引以为深戒。
陈自明说:现在有李子立作《伤寒十劝》,虽然未能尽圣人之万一,其中多有可取之处,也不出《活人书》的范围。(出自《管见良方》)
经验良方说:伤寒与其他证候不同,投药稍有差错,生死立刻判定。李子建的《伤寒十劝》,不可不知。人家有病,招请医生未到,或者没有医生,如果加上这十劝,就不会有误,所受益非轻。
按:张会卿《景岳全书》论及《十劝》的危害,其言论有理,可以参研。
【程氏(迥)医经正本书】《书录解题》一卷 佚
陈振孙说:知进贤县沙随程迥(字可久)撰写。专门论述伤寒无传染性,以救治世俗骨肉相弃绝的弊端。
【平氏(尧卿)伤寒证类要略】宋志二卷 未见
汪琥说:这本书二卷,不过是就张仲景六经证,略微取其要点,而分类集结而成。别无发明。
【伤寒玉鉴新书】宋志一卷(《书录解题》作二卷)佚
陈振孙说:《伤寒证类要略》二卷,《玉鉴新书》二卷,由汴人平尧卿撰写。专为伤寒而作,都遵循张仲景的旧制。也未有别的发明。
【屠氏(鹏)四时治要】《读书后志》一卷 佚
赵希弁说:上永嘉屠鹏(字时举)所著,得到文端公赵葵为之作序。陈振孙说:专为时疾、疟痢、吐泻、伤寒之类,杂病不涉及。
【陈氏(孔硕)伤寒泻痢方】《书录解题》一卷 佚
陈振孙说:直龙图阁长乐陈孔硕(字肤仲)撰写。
【吴氏(敏修)伤寒辨疑论】佚
许衡序说:先朝国医吴敏修著《伤寒辨疑论》,实在得张仲景伤寒的要领。先生的侄子吴璋辞去后独有此书。近来有幸得以详细阅读,概见先生医学的妙处。曾经说医方中有张仲景,就像儒者有六经一样。必须见到这一点,然后才可以议论医学。然而其文古奥,其义隐晦,学人读之,茫然不可涯际。现在这本书辨析疑似,类括药证,甚至发出先贤未发的见解,启发后人未悟的道理,虽然我愚钝不敏,一读且有开益,那些专门业医的人,得到这种说法并推究它,所谓茫然不可涯际的情况,应当就了然了。命名为《辨疑》,难道只是随便说说吗?己未冬十月戊戌,河内许衡序。
【刘氏(开)伤寒直格】《国史经籍志》五卷 佚
【成氏(无己)伤寒论】宋志一卷 佚
按:成无己注解《伤寒论》,以及《明理论》之外,未听说另外有所撰述。意思是应当在《明理论》第四卷论方者,张孝忠跋称《论方》一卷,难道是据此而导致误解的吗?然而这样的话,《论》字下面,应当脱漏一个“方”字。
【李氏(庆嗣)伤寒纂类】《续文献通考》四卷 佚
【伤寒类】(《金史本传》作《伤寒论》)《续文献通考》三卷 佚
[Annotation on Hundred Syndromes of Cold Damage by Xu (Zhike)] *Jielu Tingshu* (Recorded Titles and Explanations), three volumes. Extant.
Hong Mai stated: Xu Shumiao, courtesy name Zhike, was from Zhenzhou. His family was originally poor. He dreamed that someone told him, "If you wish to pass the imperial examinations, you must accumulate hidden virtue." Xu estimated that his strength was insufficient to achieve this, but engaging in medicine would suffice. Thus, he paid close attention to medical formulas. Over time, the number of people he saved became incalculable. He dreamed again of the previous figure presenting a poem with the lines: "Medicine has hidden merit, situated between Chen and Lou. In the hall, dice are thrown; shouting six becomes five." Upon waking, he recorded it on his desk. In the Renzi year of Shaoxing, he passed the examination as the sixth candidate. Using the privilege of ascending the Jia list, he was counted as fifth and obtained an official post. In his memorial to his ancestors, he mentioned that "Chen" referred to his ancestors and "Lou" to Lou Cai (a surname). The dream had been predetermined long ago. The term "Lu" refers to the meaning of Lu Chuan (the calling out of names at the examination). (From *Yijian Yizhi*)
Chen Zhensun stated: *Shanghan Ge* (Song on Cold Damage), three volumes, written by Xu Shumiao. It consists of one hundred chapters, all based on the methods of Zhang Zhongjing. There are also eighty-one chapters on treatment methods, thirty-six diagrams of pulse methods by Zhang Zhongjing, *Yi Shanghan Lun* (Supplementing the Treatise on Cold Damage), three volumes, and *Bianlei* (Classifying Categories), five volumes, which have not been seen.
Qian Zeng stated: *Zhang Zhongjing Annotated Hundred Syndromes of Cold Damage*, five volumes, narrated by Xu Shumiao (courtesy name Zhike), Hanlin Academician of Baisha. "Narrating" means elucidating the original intent of Zhang Zhongjing and expounding upon it. (From *Dushu Minqiu Ji*)
Wang Hu stated: *Hundred Syndromes of Cold Damage*, narrated by Scholar Xu (Xu Shumiao). The book comprises five volumes. In his preface, he said, "To discuss cold damage without reading Zhang Zhongjing's book is like being a Confucian scholar who does not know the Six Classics of Confucius." Therefore, he selected Zhang Zhongjing's formula discussions and compiled them into songs for one hundred syndromes to facilitate memorization for later learners. Wherever Zhang Zhongjing lacked formulas, he incorporated formulas from *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) and others. For the thirtieth syndrome, he incorporated views from Zhu Gong and Sun Shangzhi regarding food stagnation, deficiency-induced restlessness, cold-phlegm, and Hongxiangjiao (podagra/foot qi) resembling cold damage. In the fifty-first syndrome, *Song on Eruption*, he stated, "Both warm toxins and heat diseases can lead to eruption." In the annotations, he further incorporated content from Chao Yuanfang's *Zhuzhu Bingyuan Hulun* (General Treatise on Diseases and Etiologies). These contributions benefit the study of Zhang Zhongjing.
[Annotation on Xu's Hundred Syndromes of Cold Damage by Xu (Bin)] Not seen.
Xu Bin stated: Among ancient masters of cold damage, only Zhang Zhongjing stands supreme. Among those who revered Zhang Zhongjing and elucidated his teachings, Xu Shumiao is the most prominent. Since the publication of Tao Jian'an's works, medicinal ingredients have been used indiscriminately, completely losing the original intent of Zhang and Xu. I annotated Xu Shumiao's *Hundred Syndromes of Cold Damage* in early spring and intended to publish it immediately, so that students would not be confused during clinical practice.
[Fawei Lun (Elucidating the Subtle) by Xu (Shumiao)] Two volumes. Extant.
Wang Hu stated: *Shanghan Fawei Lun* (Treatise on Elucidating the Subtleties of Cold Damage), narrated by Song Dynasty Hanlin Academician Xu Shumiao (courtesy name Zhike) of Baisha. The book is divided into upper and lower volumes, discussing twenty-two essays. The first essay discusses seventy-two syndromes of cold damage; the second discusses the use of red and white Peony Root (Shaoyao) in Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction); the third discusses the cautious use of pill medicines in cold damage; the sixth emphasizes that true Qi (Vital Energy) is paramount in cold damage; the tenth distinguishes between Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) and Cinnamon Bark (Rougui); the fifteenth differentiates the yin and yang aspects of the Knotted Pulse (Dongmai). All these elucidate the profound principles of Zhang Zhongjing. The title *Fawei* is well-deserved.
[Eighty-One Chapters on Treatment Methods of Cold Damage] Lost.
[Yi Shanghan Lun (Supplementing the Treatise on Cold Damage)] Two volumes. Lost.
[Bianlei (Classifying Categories)] Five volumes. Lost.
[Shanghan Yaozhi (Essentials of Cold Damage) by Li (Cheng)] Recorded in Song Catalogs as one volume (*Jielu Tingshu* records two volumes). Lost.
Chen Zhensun stated: *Shanghan Yaozhi*, two volumes, written by Li Cheng. Formulas are listed first, followed by classified syndromes, all adhering to Zhang Zhongjing's teachings.
[Shanghan Jihuo Lun (Treatise on Resolving Doubts in Cold Damage) by Tang (Yincai)] Recorded in *Guoshi Jingji Zhi* as one volume. Extant.
Preface states: The purpose of writing *Jihuo Lun* was not to seek novelty or worldly fame, but to adhere strictly to the orthodox classics of Zhang Zhongjing. Moreover, Zhang Zhongjing's book was formerly known as *Jingui Yaofang* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet), highlighting its value. Wuqiuzi (Sun Simiao) believed that Sun Simiao did not fully grasp Zhang Zhongjing's intent. How could mediocre practitioners comprehend even the faintest outline? Utilizing spare time, I have organized and clarified cases where two syndromes appear similar but require different treatments, or where sweating and purging methods were misapplied leading to unclear differentiation, distinguishing between cold jue and heat jue, and between yang poison and yin poison. These complexities are difficult to summarize entirely, so I have detailed them to ensure thorough understanding, reflecting the deep intent of resolving doubts. On the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Guisi year of the Daogong era, Tang Yincai, Hermit of Longxi, respectfully prefaced.
Note: This book was appended to the first volume of Qian's *Baiwen*. At the end, there is a postscript by Han Yu from the Renyin year of Chunxi. *Yicang Mulu* mistakenly attributes it to Han Yu.
[Shanghan Buwang Lun (Supplementing the Lost Aspects of Cold Damage) by Guo (Yong)] Twenty volumes. Not seen.
*History of Song* biography states: Guo Yong, courtesy name Zihe, was originally from Luoyang. His father, Guo Zhongxiao, attained the rank of Grand Master of Palace Preservation and studied under Cheng Yi, authoring *Yishuo* (Explanations on the Book of Changes), known as Mr. Jianshan. Guo Yong inherited his father's learning, understood worldly affairs, and lived in seclusion in Xiazhou, roaming the Changyang Valley, known as Mr. Baiyun. During the Daogong era, Ren Qingchen, Prefect of Xiazhou, and Zhang Xiaoxiang, Military Commissioner of Hubei, recommended him to the court. He declined imperial summons and was granted the title Chonghui Chushi (Reclusive Scholar). Emperor Xiaozong knew his virtue well and praised him to his ministers. Local jurisdictions were ordered to send gifts and inquiries seasonally. He was later titled Yizheng Xiansheng. Ministers were sent to record his views. Guo was then eighty-three years old. In the early Chunxi era, scholars compiled the works of Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Zhang Zai, You Zuo, Yang Shi, Guo Zhongxiao, and Guo Yong into *Dayi Cuiyan* (Essence of the Great Change). He died in the fourteenth year of Chunxi.
Zhu Xi's Postscript to Guo Chonghui's Medical Books states: In the summer of the Jiayin year of Shaosi, traveling to Changsha, I passed through Xinyu and visited the former Hanlin Academician Xie Changguo at his home. He hosted me and spoke extensively about the deeds of Mr. Guo Chonghui of Changyang. He then presented several boxes of medical and calendar books, saying, "These are the先生's works." Having no expertise in these fields, I requested to take them home to study carefully when free. However, busy with public and private duties, traveling by land and water, I found no time. The following summer, I fell critically ill. Wang Hanboji, son of an old friend, visited from Jinhua, and Fang Shimiao BoMo came from Jixi. They treated my illness, and within days, I began to recover. Mentioning the Changyang medical books given by Mr. Xie, they eagerly requested to see them. Upon viewing, they exclaimed with joy, "This is a rare book!" Although its theories seem derived directly from ancient classics without addition or subtraction, ancient classics are vast and hard to navigate, whereas this book is categorized and easy to read. We should disseminate it widely so that every practitioner may own and recite it, understanding the origins of ancient sage-medics without finding it too difficult. I recall Lord Cai Zhonghui governing Changle, banning witchcraft and poison, and teaching medicine to intelligent commoners to treat diseases—a benevolent heart.
Currently, Zhan Yuanshan, Military Commissioner of Fujian, fills Lord Cai's role, prioritizing compassion. I suggested this to him. He replied, "Respectfully agreed." I entrusted the two friends to correct and print the book, recording this background. Furthermore, I believe that while ancients observed pulses in various ways, the Cun-Guan-Chi method is currently the most important. This theory appears in the beginning of *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues), so it is not vulgar lore. Therefore, Mr. Guo's book records this and explains it using Ding Deyong's method of closely spacing three fingers. While *Nan Jing* is perfect, Ding Deyong's method may not be definitive because emergency physicians' fingers vary in thickness and patients' arms vary in length. Careful examination of the classics shows that Cun, Guan, and Chi are measured from the Guan point forward to Yuji and Chize. Thus, Guan must have a fixed location, visible externally like Yuji and Chize. However, current texts lack precise definitions. Only *Qianjin Fang* suggests the Cun Kou bone is naturally high, with Guan and Chi derived backwards, which seems inconsistent with the classics. The popular pulse rhymes are vulgar and clearly not Wang Shuhe's original work, yet they correctly identify the high bone as Guan and divide front/back for Cun/Chi yin-yang positions, seemingly aligning with *Nan Jing*. High physicians dismiss it as apocryphal. I am not a master of the Dao and cannot correct this, so I append this view for wise men to judge. Written by Hongqing Waishi Xin'an Zhu Xi on the Bingwu day of the fifth month, Yimao year of Qingyuan. (From Collected Works)
Zhao Bingshan stated: Guo Zihe, Reclusive Scholar of Henan, supplemented Zhang Zhongjing's works after studying them intensely during his spare time from self-cultivation. Zhu Xi wrote a preface to promote it. Cheng Kejiu of Shasui also wrote commentaries, but few remain. (From *Xin'an Wenxian Zhi*)
Wang Hu stated: *Shanghan Buwang Lun*, compiled by Guo Yong of Henan. The book has twenty volumes. Volume one uses a Q&A format, listing cold damage first, with prefaces, treatment methods, and heat-puncturing techniques. Volumes two and three discuss pulse differentiation and level assessment. Volume four presents a general discussion of the Six Channels, followed by Taiyang channel syndrome treatments. Volumes five to seven contain Zhang Zhongjing's original discussions; where formulas were missing, Wang Angshi and Chang Qizhi's views were added, later corrected by Guo. Volumes eight to twelve describe sweating, vomiting, purging, warming, moxibustion, acupuncture, and water/fire therapies. Volumes thirteen to fifteen cover double-infection, Yin-Yang exchange, and post-illness relapse. Volume sixteen is missing text. Volumes seventeen and eighteen discuss rigidity, dampness, and nine other syndromes resembling cold damage. Volumes nineteen and twenty address cold damage in women and children, including smallpox and measles. Guo collected theories from *Su Wen*, *Nan Jing*, *Qianjin Fang*, *Waitai Miyao*, and *Huo Ren Shu* to supplement Zhang Zhongjing. Practitioners must know this. Wang Hu notes: Guo Yong, courtesy name Baiyun, is of unknown era. Examining catalogs, Xu Zhishan of Yuan dynasty authored a similar book now lost; thus Guo likely succeeded Xu.
Note: Wang Hu incorrectly places Guo in the post-Yuan era. The book cites Chang Qizhi referencing Wang Chaofeng. Wang Chaofeng was a famous physician in the Xianhe era, named Kuang, courtesy name Ziheng, author of *Zhimifang*. Shi Yuan's preface to *Yongju Jiufa Lun* mentions "Jiawu year," identified as the 24th year of Shaoxing under Gaozong. Thus, Chang Qizhi lived in Northern Song and survived the Southern Song transition. Guo Yong received instruction from him and frequently cited him.
[Shanghan Biyi (Resolving Doubts in Cold Damage) by He (Zi)] Recorded in *Dushu Minqiu Ji* as one volume. Not seen.
Qian Zeng stated: He Zi served as Security Officer during the Daogong era, examining imperial pulses and serving the Crown Prince. He summarized Zhang Zhongjing's book,辨析 thirty types of doubtful syndromes and yin-yang discrepancies, removing all doubt.
[Shanghan Aolun (Profound Discussions on Cold Damage)] Lost.
Preface by Xu Buzhi states: I believe humans are susceptible to harmful cold and heat, affecting life. Miscellany diseases allow slow or fast treatment, but cold damage varies rapidly; a slight error determines life or death. Is this not tragic? If physicians do not examine carefully, they deserve the mockery of being "physicians who ruin their profession." I long sought good doctors to save lives but failed. Recently in the capital, I heard Doctor He of Baoan mastered many books and cured miscellany diseases effectively, a true national healer. However, cold damage diagnosis relies heavily on pulse-taking. Meeting him in Lichuan this spring, he said, "The difficulty is not treating the disease, but recognizing the syndrome." He compiled *Shanghan Biyi* for me, hoping to remove doubts for all physicians. He also gave me *Zhangjia Cang Shanghan Aolun* and *Shuhe Maifu*. I read them for three days without putting them down. This book reveals the secrets of cold damage and serves as a key to pulse classics. Physicians who study it will act with confidence, and patients will feel secure. May all reach longevity. Zhang Zhongjing's heart surpasses Sun Simiao and Hua Tuo. I dare not hide it; I have printed it for wide dissemination. Prefaced by Xu Buzhi of Xiangling in the tenth month of winter, third year of Chunxi. (Appended to *Shanghan Leizheng Bianlan*)
[Shanghan Shiquan (Ten Admonitions on Cold Damage) by Li (Zijian)] One volume. Extant.
Postscript states: I often reflect that my father and grandfather died of cold damage. I studied Zhang Zhongjing's works deeply for eight years until I thoroughly understood yin-yang, meridians, syndromes, and drug properties. Recently, Jianghuai residents suffered from cold due to fleeing bandits, and many contracted this disease. Following Zhang Zhongjing's methods, I treated them according to syndromes, saving hundreds. I realized cold damage has no inherently evil syndromes; they result from reckless medication. Mourning my parents killed by quacks, I sigh that people of all statuses fail to understand this, handing their lives to incompetent doctors. I hereby list common errors harmful to life, naming them *Shanghan Shiquan*. The language is simple for easy understanding and deep warning.
Chen Ziming stated: Li Zijian's *Shanghan Shiquan*, though not fully capturing the sages' wisdom, has much to recommend and stays within the scope of *Huo Ren Shu*. (From *Guanjian Liangfang*)
Experience Good Prescriptions states: Cold damage differs from other diseases; a slight medication error leads to immediate death or life. *Shanghan Shiquan* by Li Zijian must be known. If a doctor is not yet present, following these ten admonitions prevents errors, providing significant benefit.
Note: Zhang Huiqing's *Jingyue Quanshu* critiques the harms of *Shiquan*; its arguments are reasonable and worth studying.
[Yijing Zhengben Shu (Correcting the Foundation of Medical Classics) by Cheng (Jiong)] Recorded in *Jielu Tingshu* as one volume. Lost.
Chen Zhensun stated: Written by Cheng Jiong (courtesy name Kejiu) of Shasui, Jinxi County Magistrate. It specifically argues that cold damage is not contagious, aiming to correct the vulgar custom of abandoning kin.
[Shanghan Zhengle Yaolue (Brief Essentials of Classified Syndromes of Cold Damage) by Ping (Yaoqing)] Recorded in Song Catalogs as two volumes. Not seen.
Wang Hu stated: This two-volume book merely extracts key points from Zhang Zhongjing's Six Channel syndromes and classifies them. It offers no new insights.
[Shanghan Yujian Xinshu (New Book of Jade Mirror for Cold Damage)] Recorded in Song Catalogs as one volume (*Jielu Tingshu* records two volumes). Lost.
Chen Zhensun stated: *Shanghan Zhengle Yaolue* two volumes, *Shanghan Yujian Xinshu* two volumes, written by Ping Yaoqing of Bian. Specifically for cold damage, adhering to Zhang Zhongjing's traditions. No new inventions.
[Sishi Zhiyao (Essentials for Four Seasons) by Tu (Peng)] Recorded in *Dushu Houzhi* as one volume. Lost.
Zhao Xibian stated: Written by Tu Peng (courtesy name Shiju) of Shangyongya, with a preface by Wen Duan Gong Xi. Chen Zhensun stated: Specifically for seasonal epidemics, malaria, dysentery, vomiting, diarrhea, and cold damage, excluding miscellany diseases.
[Shanghan Xielifang (Formulas for Cold Damage, Dysentery, and Diarrhea) by Chen (Kongshuo)] Recorded in *Jielu Tingshu* as one volume. Lost.
Chen Zhensun stated: Written by Chen Kongshuo (courtesy name Fuzhong), Direct Dragon Pavilion Official of Changle.
[Shanghan Biyi Lun (Treatise on Resolving Doubts in Cold Damage) by Wu (Minxiu)] Lost.
Preface by Xu Heng states: Late Dynasty State Physician Wu Minxiu's *Shanghan Biyi Lun* truly grasps the essence of Zhang Zhongjing's cold damage. After his nephew Wu Zhang resigned, he alone possessed this book. I recently read it carefully and saw the profundity of his medicine. He once said, "Medical formulas have Zhang Zhongjing just as Confucians have the Six Classics." One must see this to discuss medicine. However, the text is archaic and meanings obscure, leaving readers bewildered. This book clarifies doubts, categorizes drugs and syndromes, and expresses what earlier sages did not say, awakening what later generations missed. Even I, dull as I am, gained insight from one reading. Specialists who apply this will find the previously bewildering aspects clear. Named *Bi Yi* (Resolving Doubts), it is more than mere talk. Prefaced by Xu Heng of Henei on the Wuxu day of the tenth month, winter of Jiyi year.
[Shanghan Zhige (Direct Grid of Cold Damage) by Liu (Kai)] Recorded in *Guoshi Jingji Zhi* as five volumes. Lost.
[Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage) by Cheng (Wuji)] Recorded in Song Catalogs as one volume. Lost.
Note: Besides annotating *Shanghan Lun* and writing *Mingli Lun*, Cheng Wuji is not known to have written other works. Perhaps the fourth volume of *Mingli Lun* on formulas, mentioned by Zhang Xiaozhong's postscript as *Lunfang* (Discussion on Formulas), one volume, caused confusion. If so, the character "Fang" might be missing after "Lun".
[Shanghan Zuanglei (Compiled Categories of Cold Damage) by Li (Qingsi)] Recorded in *Xu Wenxian Tongkao* as four volumes. Lost.
[Shanghan Lei (Categories of Cold Damage)] (Recorded as *Shanghan Lun* in *History of Jin* biography) Recorded in *Xu Wenxian Tongkao* as three volumes. Lost.