汪琥曰。伤寒兼证析义。张路玉次子张倬飞畴氏着。书止一卷。言中风虚劳胀满之人。有病伤寒者。谓之兼
证。设
为问答。共十七论。末后又附以十二经。八脉五运六气方宜等说。极为明备。但其所用方药。亦多偏僻。恐难取
正也。
〔陈氏(治)伤寒近前集〕五卷 存
自序曰。圣王治世。泽及民生物命。孳孳揆理。无所不极。其调和阴阳。洞测性理。内则虑夫七情戕于中。
表则防其六淫袭于外。不无其病。即有其治。或曰。病以何证为难治。曰。惟伤寒为难。曰。然则曷以伤寒为近
乎。曰。惟其难。所以不可远也。仲景着伤寒论。后如成无己之详注。方有执之条辨。铅椠不一。代有其人。而
学之者。如入万花谷中。莫不惊心艳目。而企羡之。然究不知何所适从而取舍也。因曰。书有成规。地有异宜。
辞贵切而不浮。理贵确而有当。燕赵鲁卫之邦。近西北者。土敦而风烈。人多刚竞。宜宗仲景法以治之。则得心
而应手。吴楚闽粤之方。近东南者。土润风和。人多柔弱。宜宗节庵法以治之。则病瘳而易起。故曰。节庵一人。
顿起沉沦。方趋捷要。药类躬亲。庶几不远。毋以近乎。康熙三十六年。山农陈治自叙于粤东端州之文来阁。
〔伤寒近后集〕五卷 存
〔黄氏(元御)伤寒说意〕十一卷 未见
四库全书提要曰。元御既作伤寒悬解。谓论文简奥。非读者所能遽晓。乃会通大意。后着此书。以开示初学
之门径。
〔程氏(云鹏)伤寒答问〕未见
程云鹏曰。仲景法象高深。茫无入手。束而不观。临证昏昧。因就一二门士之问。而浅示之。使易通晓。(
慈幼筏)
汪琥说:《伤寒兼证析义》一书,由张路玉的次子张倬(字飞畴)所著。全书仅有一卷。书中论述中风、虚劳、胀满等体质虚弱之人,若患伤寒病,这种情况称为“兼证”。全书采用问答形式,共十七篇论述。末尾又附录了关于十二经脉、奇经八脉、五运六气及方宜等方面的学说,内容极为详尽完备。但是,其中所使用的方药,大多较为偏僻冷门,恐怕难以作为临床正法来取用。
〔陈氏(陈治)《伤寒近前集》〕五卷,现存。
自序中说:圣明的君主治理天下,恩泽遍及百姓和万物生命,勤勉地探究事理,无所不尽其极。调和阴阳,透彻洞察人性与天理,对内忧虑七情(喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊)在中焦伤害脏腑,对外防范六淫(风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火)侵袭体表。人难免生病,有病就有治疗方法。有人问:“疾病中哪种证候最难治疗?”回答说:“只有伤寒最难。”问:“既然如此,为什么称其为‘近’(容易/接近)呢?”回答说:“正因为它难,所以不可远离(即必须重视并掌握其规律)。”张仲景撰写《伤寒论》,后来像成无己那样详细注解,方有执那样进行条分缕析辨析,刻印版本不一,历代都有这样的人。学习的人,就像进入万花谷中,无不惊叹羡慕,心生向往。然而终究不知道该如何取舍遵循。因此我说:书籍有成规,地域有不同适宜性。言辞贵在切实而不浮夸,道理贵在确切而恰当。燕、赵、鲁、卫等地,靠近西北,土地厚重而风气猛烈,人们性格刚强好胜,适宜尊崇张仲景的法度来治疗,就能得心应手。吴、楚、闽、粤等地,靠近东南,土地湿润而风气柔和,人们体质柔弱,适宜尊崇喻嘉言(字节庵)的法度来治疗,那么病愈得快且容易康复。所以说:喻节庵一人,使沉疴顿起,方法趋向快捷要害,药物类别亲自整理,差不多不远了。不要因为它看似容易就轻视它。康熙三十六年,山农陈治在粤东端州的文来阁自述。
〔《伤寒近后集》〕五卷,现存。
〔黄氏(黄元御)《伤寒说意》〕十一卷,未见。
《四库全书提要》说:黄元御既然已经写了《伤寒悬解》,认为原文文字简奥深涩,不是读者能立刻明白的,于是融会贯通大意,后来撰写此书,以开启初学者的门径。
〔程氏(程云鹏)《伤寒答问》〕未见。
程云鹏说:张仲景的法象高深莫测,茫然不知从何处入手,束之高阁不看,临证时昏昧不明。于是针对一二位读书人的提问,浅显地展示解答,使他们容易通晓。(此处提及另一书名《慈幼筏》,但未展开)
Wang Hu stated: *Shanghan Jianzheng Xiyi* (Analysis of the Meaning of Accompanying Syndromes in Cold Damage) was authored by Zhang Zhuo (courtesy name Feichou), the second son of Zhang Luzhu. The book consists of only one volume. It discusses individuals with constitutions of wind-stroke, deficiency-consumption, or distension-fullness who contract cold damage; this condition is termed "accompanying syndrome" (Jianzheng). The text adopts a question-and-answer format, comprising seventeen treatises. At the end, it appends discussions on the twelve meridians, eight extraordinary vessels, Five Movements and Six Qi, and regional prescriptions, making the content extremely comprehensive and well-prepared. However, the formulas and herbs used therein are mostly obscure and unconventional, and thus may be difficult to adopt as standard clinical practice.
[Chen Shi's *Shanghan Qianqian Ji* (Collection of Near-Approach to Cold Damage, Part 1)] Five volumes, extant.
In his preface, Chen Zhi wrote: When sage kings govern the world, their benevolence extends to the people and all living things. They diligently probe principles without limit. They harmonize Yin and Yang, thoroughly discern nature and reason. Internally, they worry that the Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Thought, Sorrow, Fear, Fright) may injure the interior; externally, they guard against the Six Exogenous Pathogens (Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire) invading from the exterior. Illness inevitably occurs, but where there is illness, there is treatment. Someone asked, "Which syndrome is most difficult to treat?" The answer was, "Only cold damage is most difficult." Then why call it 'near' (approachable/easy)? The reply was, "Precisely because it is difficult, it must not be ignored/distant." Zhang Zhongjing composed *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage). Later scholars, such as Cheng Wuji for detailed annotations and Fang Youzhi for systematic differentiation, produced numerous editions across generations. Students of this discipline feel as if entering a valley of ten thousand flowers, amazed and envious, yet ultimately unsure of which path to follow or what to select. Therefore, I say: Books have established rules, and regions have specific appropriateness. Words should be pertinent rather than floating; principles should be accurate and appropriate. In the states of Yan, Zhao, Lu, and Wei, near the northwest, the soil is dense and the wind is fierce; people are generally strong and competitive. It is appropriate to follow Zhang Zhongjing’s methods for treatment, resulting in success with ease. In the regions of Wu, Chu, Min, and Yue, near the southeast, the soil is moist and the wind is gentle; people are generally frail. It is appropriate to follow Yu Jie'an's (Yu Jiayan) methods for treatment, leading to quick recovery and easy convalescence. Thus it is said: Yu Jie'an alone revived severe cases, offering expedient methods and personally categorizing medicines, bringing the approach close to perfection. Do not dismiss it merely because it seems accessible. In the thirty-sixth year of the Kangxi reign, Shan Nong Chen Zhi wrote this preface at Wenlai Pavilion in Duanzhou, Eastern Guangdong.
[*Shanghan Houhou Ji* (Collection of Near-Approach to Cold Damage, Part 2)] Five volumes, extant.
[Huang Shi's *Shanghan Shuoyi* (Meaning of Cold Damage Interpretation)] Eleven volumes, not seen.
The *Siku Quanshu* (Complete Library of the Four Treasuries) abstract states: After writing *Shanghan Xuanjie* (Cold Damage Suspended Resolution), Huang Yuanyu felt that the original text was concise and profound, difficult for readers to grasp immediately. He therefore synthesized the main ideas and subsequently authored this book to open the path for beginners.
[Cheng Shi's *Shanghan Dawen* (Questions and Answers on Cold Damage)] Not seen.
Cheng Yunpeng stated: Zhang Zhongjing’s laws and images are profound and deep, leaving one茫然 (at a loss) regarding where to begin. If set aside unread, one becomes confused during clinical practice. Therefore, responding to questions from a few scholars, he provided shallow explanations to facilitate understanding. (*Ciyou Fa* (Raft for Nurturing Children) is mentioned here but not elaborated.)