中风之脉，其起首必浮大而缓。考之《灵》、《素》、仲师，其言既同，验之诊候阅历
千人如一。浮以手指轻重取之，大以脉之形状取之，缓以脉之至数取之（至数即一呼四至也
。）盖风则伤卫，风为阳邪，故大；卫行脉外，故浮。病初起时，但在脉外之卫分，未入脉
内之营分，其脉中之营血、宗气依然照常行度，故缓也。缓是脉之动数。宗气领营血而动，
宗气一呼，营血二动；宗气一吸，营血二动；一呼一吸，脉凡四动，是名为缓，乃是无病平
脉。因中风但伤卫，而不伤营，故脉应照常缓也。然则何以辨邪风之轻重？曰∶浮大异常者
，
为病脉也。缓为平人之脉，故不可作病看。然则但言浮大足矣。何必又言缓？曰∶古人言此
，正以明病不在营耳。若入营，则不能缓矣。后人不识此理，往往将平脉混入病脉，此脉学
之所以晦也。
其八风之邪，则又从浮大中兼见之脉别之。如风从东来者，为木邪，主温化，其大中必
兼弦象；从南来者，为火邪，主热化，其大中必兼滑象；从西来者，为金邪，主燥化，其大
中必兼涩象；从北来者，为水邪，主寒化，其大中必兼紧象；从中央来者，为土邪，主湿化
，其大中必兼濡象。其东南、西南、东北、西北四维相并而来者，则各以其方之脉兼见也（
如见其弦象、滑象错出，则为风从东南来之类）。凡此诸脉，历断千人，无一遁者，孰谓脉法
难凭耳？
八方之风，分为温、热、燥、寒、湿五等，之中温、热、燥居其三，皆热症也。寒则
仅居其一，湿则有从寒、从热之不同。可知中风一症，热病居多，故南人中风较多于北人。而
生平疗病，每以凉药奏效，其源皆从此中悟出。近日诸医，但执庸陋俗书，暗中摸索，轻者酿
成
偏枯日久，则脉多变矣。然亦一二年其脉仍浮大而缓者，此风邪与卫气相合而不去，如
银之入汞也（水银为汞），其症必将复中。盖阳邪未去，势必再召新邪也。复中则病加剧，若
治之得法，不但复中可免，即偏枯亦可愈也。其脉为沉细数急者，难愈；其脉变为迟者，可愈（
一息三至名为迟）；其脉浮大全退，而见四时平脉者，易愈。中风在三阳经，则浮大之脉寸
部盛于尺部；在三阴经，则浮大之脉尺部盛于寸部；若阴阳诸经俱中，则尺寸俱浮大如一。
此分辨经络之法。
中风病的脉象，起始时必定表现为浮大而缓。考察《灵枢》、《素问》以及张仲景的论述，他们的说法是一致的；验证于临床诊察经验，诊治千人情况都一样。所谓“浮”，是用手指轻取或重取来感知的（指脉搏位置表浅）；所谓“大”，是根据脉搏的形状来判断的；所谓“缓”，是根据脉搏的至数来判断的（至数即一呼四至也）。因为风邪容易损伤卫气，风属于阳邪，所以脉象显得大；卫气行于脉管之外，所以脉象显得浮。疾病初起时，病邪仅在脉外的卫分，尚未进入脉内的营分，脉中的营血和宗气依然按照正常的节律运行，所以脉象表现为缓。缓是指脉搏的跳动频率。宗气引领营血而跳动，宗气每呼气一次，营血跳动两次；宗气每吸气一次，营血也跳动两次；一呼一吸之间，脉搏共跳动四次，这被称为缓，这是无病时的正常平脉。因为中风只是损伤了卫气，而没有损伤营气，所以脉象应当照常表现为缓。那么，如何辨别邪风的轻重呢？回答说：如果浮大异常，就是病脉。缓是健康人的脉象，所以不能将其视为病脉。那么，只说浮大就够了，为什么还要说缓呢？回答说：古人这样说，正是为了明确病邪不在营分。如果病邪入营，脉象就不能表现为缓了。后世的人不理解这个道理，往往将正常脉象混入病脉之中，这就是脉学之所以晦涩难懂的原因。
八种风邪，则从浮大脉中兼见的其他脉象来加以辨别。如风从东方来的，属于木邪，主温化，其脉在大之中必然兼见弦象；从南方来的，属于火邪，主热化，其脉在大之中必然兼见滑象；从西方来的，属于金邪，主燥化，其脉在大之中必然兼见涩象；从北方来的，属于水邪，主寒化，其脉在大之中必然兼见紧象；从中央来的，属于土邪，主湿化，其脉在大之中必然兼见濡象。东南、西南、东北、西北四个维度的风邪相并而来的，则各自以其方位对应的脉象兼见（例如见到弦象和滑象交错出现，就是风从东南方来的之类）。所有这些脉象，经过上千人的断案验证，没有一种能逃脱这种规律，谁说脉法难以凭信呢？
八方之风，分为温、热、燥、寒、湿五等，其中温、热、燥占其三，都属于热症。寒仅占其一，湿则有从寒化或从热化的不同。由此可知，中风这一病症，热病居多，所以南方人患中风多于北方人。而我生平治病，常用凉药取得疗效，其根源都从此理中悟出。近日各位医生，只拘泥于平庸浅陋的俗书，暗中摸索，轻症酿成偏枯日久，脉象就会发生变化。然而，如果一两年后脉象仍然表现为浮大而缓，这是风邪与卫气相结合而不去除，就像银融入汞一样（水银即为汞），其症状必将再次中风。因为阳邪未去，势必会再次招致新的邪气。再次中风则病情加剧，如果治疗得当，不但可以避免再次中风，即使偏枯也可以痊愈。如果脉象变为沉细数急的，难以痊愈；脉象变为迟的，可以痊愈（一息三至称为迟）；脉象浮大完全消退，而出现四季正常脉象的，容易痊愈。中风在三阳经，则浮大的脉象在寸部盛于尺部；在三阴经，则浮大的脉象在尺部盛于寸部；如果阴阳各经都受中，则寸部和尺部都浮大且程度一致。这是分辨经络的方法。
The pulse of wind-stroke (Zhong Feng, 中风) initially must present as floating, large, and moderate (Huan, 缓). Examining the *Ling Shu* (Spiritual Pivot), *Su Wen* (Basic Questions), and Master Zhongjing’s writings, their statements are consistent; verified through clinical experience with thousands of patients, the pattern remains uniform. "Floating" (Fu, 浮) is determined by light or heavy finger pressure; "large" (Da, 大) is determined by the shape of the pulse; "moderate" (Huan, 缓) is determined by the rate of beats per respiration (specifically, four beats per exhalation). Wind pathogen injures Wei Qi (Defensive Qi, 卫气); since wind is a Yang pathogen, the pulse appears large; Wei Qi circulates outside the vessels, hence the pulse appears floating. At the onset of the disease, the pathogen resides only in the Wei division outside the vessels, not yet entering the Ying (Nutritive) division inside the vessels. The Ying blood and Zong Qi (Gathering Qi, 宗气) within the pulse continue to circulate at their normal rhythm, thus the pulse appears moderate. Moderate refers to the beat frequency. Zong Qi leads the movement of Ying blood: with one exhalation of Zong Qi, Ying blood moves twice; with one inhalation, Ying blood moves twice; in one complete breath cycle, the pulse beats four times. This is called "moderate," representing the normal pulse of a healthy person. Since wind-stroke injures only Wei Qi and not Ying Qi, the pulse should naturally remain moderate. Then, how can one distinguish the severity of the wind pathogen? It is said: if the floating and large qualities are abnormal, it is a pathological pulse. Moderate is the pulse of a healthy person, so it should not be viewed as pathological. Then, why mention "moderate" if merely stating "floating and large" suffices? It is said: the ancients mentioned this precisely to clarify that the disease is not in the Ying division. If the pathogen enters Ying, the pulse cannot be moderate. Later generations failed to understand this principle, often conflating normal pulses with pathological ones, which is why pulse diagnosis has become obscure.
The eight types of wind pathogens are further distinguished by additional pulse qualities superimposed on the floating and large characteristics. If wind comes from the East, it is Wood pathogen, governing warm transformation; its large quality will necessarily include a string-like (Xian, 弦) image. If from the South, it is Fire pathogen, governing heat transformation; its large quality will necessarily include a slippery (Hua, 滑) image. If from the West, it is Metal pathogen, governing dryness transformation; its large quality will necessarily include a choppy (Se, 涩) image. If from the North, it is Water pathogen, governing cold transformation; its large quality will necessarily include a tight (Jin, 紧) image. If from the Center, it is Earth pathogen, governing dampness transformation; its large quality will necessarily include a soft (Ru, 濡) image. If winds from the four corners (Southeast, Southwest, Northeast, Northwest) arrive simultaneously, their respective directional pulse qualities will appear together (e.g., seeing string-like and slippery images intermixed indicates wind coming from the Southeast). All these pulse patterns have been verified across thousands of cases without exception; who says pulse methods are unreliable?
The winds from the eight directions are categorized into five levels: warm, hot, dry, cold, and damp. Among these, warm, hot, and dry account for three, all constituting heat syndromes. Cold accounts for only one, while dampness may transform into cold or heat. Thus, it can be known that wind-stroke is predominantly a heat disease, explaining why people in the South suffer from wind-stroke more frequently than those in the North. Throughout my career, I have achieved efficacy using cooling medicines, a realization derived from this understanding. Recently, many physicians rely solely on mediocre and vulgar texts, groping in the dark. Mild cases develop into hemiplegia (Pian Ku, 偏枯) over time, causing the pulse to change significantly. However, if after one or two years the pulse still presents as floating, large, and moderate, this indicates the wind pathogen has merged with Wei Qi and persists, similar to silver dissolving in mercury (Shui Yin, 水银). In such cases, recurrent stroke (Fu Zhong, 复中) is inevitable. Because the Yang pathogen has not been eliminated, it will inevitably attract new pathogens. Recurrent stroke exacerbates the condition; however, if treated correctly, not only can recurrent stroke be prevented, but hemiplegia can also be cured. If the pulse becomes deep, fine, rapid, and urgent (Chen Xi Shu Ji, 沉细数急), recovery is difficult; if the pulse becomes slow (Chi, 迟, defined as three beats per respiration), recovery is possible; if the floating and large qualities completely recede and the four-season normal pulses appear, recovery is easy. When wind-stroke affects the Three Yang meridians, the floating and large pulse is stronger at the Cun (Inch) position than at the Chi (Cubit) position; when it affects the Three Yin meridians, the floating and large pulse is stronger at the Chi position than at the Cun position; if both Yin and Yang meridians are affected, both Cun and Chi positions present equally with floating and large qualities. This is the method for distinguishing meridian involvement.