柴胡（四两） 黄芩 人参 桂枝 芍药 生姜（各一两半） 甘草（一两） 半夏（二合半）
大枣（六枚擘）
上九味。以水七升。煮取三升。去滓。分温服。
此合桂枝小柴胡二方。而各取其半。用以和解太阳少阳各半之邪。经云。伤寒六七日。
发热
微恶寒。支节烦疼。此太阳之表邪未解也。微呕心下支结。则证兼少阳矣。按支结者。结而
不痛。与结胸殊。不可攻下。只宜和解。此方之义。和营卫以通津液。仲景已自注明白。故
发汗多。亡阳谵语者。亦用此方。以复阳和阴。今人误用此汤以发汗。岂非大谬。
柴胡（半斤） 桂枝（去皮） 黄芩（各三两） 栝蒌根（四两） 干姜（三两） 牡蛎（三两熬）
甘草（二两炙）
上七味。以水一斗二升，煮取六升。去滓。再煎。取三升。温服一升。日三服。初服微
烦。复服。汗出便愈。
此方全是小柴胡加减法。柯韵伯曰。心烦不呕而渴。故去参夏加栝蒌根。胸胁满而微结
。故
去枣加牡蛎。小便虽不利。而心下不悸。故不去黄芩。不加茯苓。虽渴而表未解。故不用参
而加桂枝。并以干姜易生姜。散胸胁之满结也。可见小柴胡加减之法。出入变化。妙用无穷
。真神于法者矣。
柴胡（四两） 半夏（二合洗） 龙骨 人参 茯苓 铅丹 生姜（切） 桂枝（去皮） 牡蛎
（各一两半 ） 大黄（二两） 大枣（六枚擘）
上十一味。以水八升。煮取四升。纳大黄。切如棋子。更煮一二沸。去滓。温服一升。
伤寒八九日。下之。胸满烦惊。小便不利。谵语。一身尽重。不可转侧者。柴胡加龙骨
牡蛎
汤主之。按此证全属表邪误下。阴阳扰乱。浊邪填膈。膻中之气。不能四布。而使道绝。使
道绝。则君主孤危。因而神明内乱。治节不行。百骸无主。以致胸满烦惊。小便不利。谵语
。一身尽重。不可转侧。种种皆表里虚实。正邪错杂之证。但病属表邪陷入。则阴阳出入之
界。全藉少阳为枢纽。故以柴胡名汤。而阴邪之上僭者。复桂枝生姜半夏以开之。阳邪之
下
陷者。用黄芩大黄以降之。使上下分解其邪。邪不内扰。而兼以人参大枣。扶中气之虚。龙
骨
牡蛎铅丹。镇心气之逆。且柴胡大黄之攻伐。得人参扶正以逐邪而邪自解。龙骨牡蛎之顽钝
。得桂枝助阳以载神而神自返。其处方之极错杂处。正其处方之极周到处。不如此。其何能
施补天浴日之手。而建扶危定倾之业耶。神哉弗可及已。
柴胡（四两） 黄芩 人参 桂枝 芍药 生姜（各一两半） 甘草（一两） 半夏（二合半）
大枣（六枚，掰开）
以上九味药。用水七升。煮取三升。去渣。分三次温服。
此方是合并了桂枝汤和小柴胡汤两个方剂，并各取原方的一半剂量。用来和解太阳经和少阳经各半的邪气。医经说：伤寒病六七天。
发热
微微恶寒。四肢关节烦痛。这是太阳经的表邪没有解除的表现。轻微呕吐、心下部有支撑感且结滞。则证候兼涉少阳经了。按支结这种症状，是指结滞但不疼痛，与结胸证不同。不可用攻下法治疗。只适宜用和解法。这个方子的意义，在于调和营卫以疏通津液。张仲景已经在原文中注明得很明白了。所以发汗过多。导致亡阳而出现谵语的人。也使用这个方子。用以恢复阳气、调和阴气。现在的人错误地用这个汤剂来发汗。难道不是大大的谬误吗。
柴胡（半斤） 桂枝（去皮） 黄芩（各三两） 栝蒌根（四两） 干姜（三两） 牡蛎（三两，熬制）
甘草（二两，炙烤）
以上七味药。用水一斗二升，煮取六升。去渣。再次煎煮。取三升。每次温服一升。每天服用三次。初次服药后感觉轻微心烦。继续服用。出汗后病就好了。
此方完全是基于小柴胡汤的加减变化法。柯韵伯说。心烦但不呕吐而且口渴。所以去掉人参、半夏，加入栝蒌根。胸胁部胀满且有轻微结滞。所以
去掉大枣，加入牡蛎。小便虽然不通利。但心下部没有悸动感。所以不去掉黄芩。也不加茯苓。虽然口渴但表证未解。所以不用人参而加桂枝。并用干姜代替生姜。以疏散胸胁部的胀满结滞。由此可见小柴胡汤的加减之法。出入变化。妙用无穷。真是精通于法度的人了。
柴胡（四两） 半夏（二合，洗净） 龙骨 人参 茯苓 铅丹 生姜（切） 桂枝（去皮） 牡蛎
（各一两半） 大黄（二两） 大枣（六枚，掰开）
以上十一味药。用水八升，煮取四升。放入大黄。切成棋子大小的块。再煮一二沸。去渣。温服一升。
伤寒病八九天。被误用攻下法。出现胸部胀满、烦躁惊悸。小便不利。谵语。全身沉重。不能翻身转侧的。用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎
汤主治。按此证候完全属于表邪被误用攻下法。导致阴阳紊乱。浊邪填塞膈部。膻中之气。不能向四周布散。而使气道闭塞。气道闭塞。则君主（心）孤立危险。因而神明内部混乱。治节功能不行。身体各部失去主宰。以致出现胸部胀满、烦躁惊悸。小便不利。谵语。全身沉重。不能翻身转侧。种种症状都是表里虚实。正气与邪气错杂的证候。但病属表邪陷入。那么阴阳出入的界限。全靠少阳作为枢纽。所以以柴胡命名汤剂。而对于上僭的阴邪。再用桂枝、生姜、半夏来开通它。对于下陷的阳邪。用黄芩、大黄来降泄它。使上下分解其邪气。邪气不向内扰乱。并且兼用人参、大枣。扶持中气的虚弱。龙骨、牡蛎、铅丹。镇摄心气的逆乱。而且柴胡、大黄的攻伐作用。得到人参扶正以驱逐邪气而邪气自然解除。龙骨、牡蛎的顽钝之性。得到桂枝助阳以承载神志而神志自然返回。这个处方的极其错杂之处。正是其处方的极其周到之处。不这样。怎么能施展补天浴日的手腕。而建立扶危定倾的功业呢。神奇啊，不可企及啊。
Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri, 4 liang) Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, Scutellaria Root), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Root and Rhizome), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix, Peony Root), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Fresh Ginger Rhizome, each 1.5 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Licorice Root and Rhizome, 1 liang), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinellia Tuber, 2 he dan), Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, Jujube Fruit, 6 pieces, split open).
The above nine ingredients. Use seven sheng of water. Boil to obtain three sheng. Remove the dregs. Divide into three warm doses.
This formula combines Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) and Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), taking half of each original prescription. It is used to harmonize the pathogenic factors affecting half of Tai Yang (Taiyang, the Greater Yang channel/disease stage) and half of Shao Yang (Shaoyang, the Lesser Yang channel/disease stage). The classics state: In Shang Han (Cold Damage disease), after six or seven days, there is fever with slight aversion to cold, and vexation/pain in the limbs and joints. This indicates that the exterior pathogenic factor of Tai Yang has not yet resolved. Slight vomiting and a sensation of fullness/constraint under the epigastrium indicate that the syndrome involves Shao Yang as well. According to the analysis, "Zhi Jie" (supporting constraint) refers to a sensation of constraint without pain, which is distinct from Jie Xiong (Chest Binding/Constraint). It should not be treated with purgative methods. Only harmonizing methods are suitable. The meaning of this formula lies in harmonizing Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi) to unblock Jin Ye (Body Fluids). Zhang Zhongjing has already explained this clearly in the text. Therefore, for those who have sweated excessively, leading to Wang Yang (Loss of Yang Qi) and Chan Yu (Delirious Speech), this formula is also used to restore Yang and harmonize Yin. Nowadays, people mistakenly use this decoction to induce sweating. Is this not a great error?
Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri, 8 liang), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig, peeled), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, Scutellaria Root, each 3 liang), Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, Trichosanthes Root, 4 liang), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, Dried Ginger Rhizome, 3 liang), Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, Oyster Shell, 3 liang, calcined), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Licorice Root and Rhizome, 2 liang, honey-fried).
The above seven ingredients. Use twelve sheng of water, boil to obtain six sheng. Remove the dregs. Re-boil to obtain three sheng. Warm dose of one sheng. Take three times daily. After the initial dose, there may be slight mental restlessness. Upon subsequent doses, sweating occurs and the patient recovers.
This formula is entirely based on the modification method of Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). Ke Yunbo stated: Mental restlessness without vomiting but with thirst, therefore Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Root and Rhizome) and Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinellia Tuber) are removed and Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, Trichosanthes Root) is added. Fullness in the chest and hypochondrium with slight constraint, therefore Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, Jujube Fruit) is removed and Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, Oyster Shell) is added. Although urination is difficult, there is no palpitation under the heart, therefore Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, Scutellaria Root) is not removed. Fu Ling (Poria, Poria Sclerotium) is not added. Although there is thirst, the exterior pathogen has not resolved, therefore Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Root and Rhizome) is not used, but Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig) is added. Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, Dried Ginger Rhizome) replaces Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Fresh Ginger Rhizome) to dissipate the fullness and constraint in the chest and hypochondrium. Thus, it can be seen that the modification methods of Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) involve changes in addition and subtraction, with infinite subtle applications. Truly, one who is masterful in methodology.
Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri, 4 liang), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinellia Tuber, washed, 2 he dan), Long Gu (Dinosaur Bone, Fossilized Mammal Bones), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Root and Rhizome), Fu Ling (Poria, Poria Sclerotium), Qian Dan (Plumbum Carbonas, Lead Carbonate), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Fresh Ginger Rhizome, sliced), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig, peeled), Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, Oyster Shell, each 1.5 liang), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 2 liang), Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, Jujube Fruit, 6 pieces, split open).
The above eleven ingredients. Use eight sheng of water, boil to obtain four sheng. Add Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rhubarb Root and Rhizome). Cut into pieces like chessmen. Boil for one or two more boils. Remove the dregs. Warm dose of one sheng.
In Shang Han (Cold Damage disease), after eight or nine days, if purgatives were mistakenly used, resulting in chest fullness, mental restlessness, and fright, difficulty in urination, delirious speech, heaviness of the entire body, and inability to turn over, Chai Hu Jia Long Gu Mu Li Tang (Bupleurum Decoction plus Dragon Bone and Oyster Shell) is the primary treatment. Analysis: This syndrome completely belongs to the exterior pathogen being mistakenly purged, causing disorder of Yin and Yang, with turbid pathogens filling the diaphragm. The Qi of Dan Zhong (Pericardium/Chest Center) cannot distribute to all directions, causing the pathways to be blocked. When the pathways are blocked, the Monarch (Heart) stands alone in danger. Consequently, the Shen (Spirit) becomes internally chaotic, the regulatory functions fail, and the body loses its master, leading to chest fullness, mental restlessness, fright, difficulty in urination, delirious speech, heaviness of the entire body, and inability to turn over. All these symptoms represent complex syndromes involving interior/exterior, deficiency/excess, and mixed Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) and Xie Qi (Pathogenic Factors). However, since the disease involves the exterior pathogen sinking inward, the boundary of Yin-Yang entry and exit relies entirely on Shao Yang (Shaoyang, the Lesser Yang channel/disease stage) as the pivot. Therefore, the decoction is named after Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri, Bupleurum Root). For the Yin pathogens that ascend improperly, Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Fresh Ginger Rhizome), and Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinellia Tuber) are used to open them. For the Yang pathogens that sink downward, Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, Scutellaria Root) and Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) are used to descend them. This allows the pathogens to be separated above and below, preventing internal disturbance. Additionally, Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Root and Rhizome) and Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, Jujube Fruit) are used to support the deficiency of Middle Qi (Spleen/Stomach Qi). Long Gu (Dinosaur Bone, Fossilized Mammal Bones), Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, Oyster Shell), and Qian Dan (Plumbum Carbonas, Lead Carbonate) are used to anchor the rebellious Heart Qi (Heart Spirit). Furthermore, the attacking nature of Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri, Bupleurum Root) and Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) is aided by Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Root and Rhizome) supporting the upright Qi to expel the pathogen, so the pathogen resolves naturally. The stubborn nature of Long Gu (Dinosaur Bone, Fossilized Mammal Bones) and Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, Oyster Shell) is aided by Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig) assisting Yang to carry the Shen (Spirit), so the Shen (Spirit) returns naturally. The extreme complexity of this prescription is precisely its extreme thoroughness. Without this approach, how could one wield the hands that mend the sky and bathe the sun, and establish the achievement of stabilizing crisis and averting collapse? How miraculous! It is beyond reach.