人参 白术 甘草（炙） 干姜（各三两）
上四味。捣筛为末。蜜和为丸。如鸡子黄大。以沸汤数合。和一丸研碎。温服之。日三
服。
夜二服。腹中未热。益至三四丸。然不及汤方。法以四物根据两数。切用。水八升。煮取三升
。去滓。温服一升。日三服。若脐上筑者。肾气动也。去术加桂四两。吐多者去术加生姜三
两。下多者还用术。悸者加茯苓二两。渴欲饮水者。加术足前成四两半。腹中痛者。加人参
足前成四两半。寒者加干姜足前成四两半。腹满者去术加附子一枚。服汤后。如食顷饮热粥
一升许。微自温。勿揭衣被。
经云。大病瘥后。喜唾。久不了了。胃上有寒。当以丸药理之。宜理中丸。霍乱头痛发
热。
身疼痛。寒多不用水者。宜理中汤。盖理中者理中焦之寒也。寒在胃上。取丸药之暖。逗遛
于上。以温胃而散寒。若寒胜热之霍乱。利在急温。则不宜丸而宜汤。缓宜丸。急宜汤。此
先圣之成法。不可紊也。再理中汤加减之法。与小青龙小柴胡加减法同义。宜当细玩。不得
草草读过。
桂枝（四两去皮） 附子（三枚炮去皮破八片） 生姜（三两切） 甘草（三两炙） 大枣（十
二枚擘）
上五味。以水六升。煮取三升。去滓。分温三服。
伤寒八九日。风湿相搏。身体烦疼。不能自转侧。不呕不渴。脉浮虚而涩者。桂枝附子
汤
主之。按身体烦疼。不能自转侧。固属风湿相搏之候。然风湿相搏。有属湿温。有属寒湿。
于
何辨之。盖以证言。则呕而渴者属温。不呕不渴者属寒。以脉言。则实而数者属温。虚浮而
涩者属寒。谛实此证此脉。便可主以桂枝附子汤而无疑也。
徐灵胎曰。此即桂枝去芍药加附子汤。但彼桂枝用三两。附子用一枚。以治下后脉促胸
满之证。此桂枝加一两。附子加二枚。以治风湿相搏身疼脉浮涩之证。一方而治病迥殊。方
名亦异。分两之不可忽如此。义亦精矣。后人何得以古方轻于加减也。
人参、白术、炙甘草、干姜（各三两）
以上四味药，捣碎并过筛成粉末。用蜂蜜调和制成丸剂，大小如鸡蛋黄。用几合沸水，将一丸药研碎后溶化，温服。每日服用三次，夜间服用两次。如果服药后腹部没有感到温热，可增加至每次三四丸。然而，此方不如汤剂效果好。汤剂的制法是将这四味药按照上述重量比例，切碎，用水八升，煮取三升药液，去渣，温服一升，每日三次。如果出现脐上跳动感，这是肾气动的表现，应去掉白术，加入桂枝四两；呕吐多者，去掉白术，加入生姜三两；腹泻多者，仍使用白术；心悸者，加入茯苓二两；想喝水的人，增加白术至原来的四两半；腹中疼痛者，增加人参至原来的四两半；畏寒者，增加干姜至原来的四两半；腹部胀满者，去掉白术，加入附子一枚。服用汤药后，约一顿饭的时间，喝热粥一升左右，使身体微微保暖，不要揭开衣被。
经文说：大病初愈后，喜欢吐唾沫，久久不能好，这是因为胃上有寒，应当用丸药来治疗，宜用理中丸。霍乱病出现头痛、发热、身体疼痛，且寒多而不愿喝水的，宜用理中汤。所谓理中，就是调理中焦的寒邪。寒邪在胃之上部，取丸药的温热之性，使其停留于上部，以温暖胃部而散除寒邪。如果是寒胜热的霍乱，病情急重需要紧急温补，则不宜用丸药而宜用汤剂。缓症宜用丸药，急症宜用汤剂，这是先圣留下的成法，不可紊乱。另外，理中汤的加减之法，与小青龙汤、小柴胡汤的加减法意义相同，应当仔细研读，不得草率读过。
桂枝（四两，去皮）、炮附子（三枚，去皮破开成八片）、生姜（三两，切片）、炙甘草（三两）、大枣（十二枚，掰开）
以上五味药，用水六升，煮取三升药液，去渣，分三次温服。
伤寒病程经过八九日，风湿邪气相互搏结，导致身体剧烈疼痛，不能自行翻身转动，不呕吐也不口渴，脉象浮虚而涩的，由桂枝附子汤主治。按语：身体剧烈疼痛，不能自行翻身转动，确实属于风湿相搏的症状。然而，风湿相搏，有的属于湿温证，有的属于寒湿证。如何辨别呢？从症状来看，呕吐且口渴的属于温证，不呕吐且不口渴的属于寒证。从脉象来看，脉实而数的属于温证，脉虚浮而涩的属于寒证。仔细审察此证与此脉，就可以确定使用桂枝附子汤而无疑虑了。
徐灵胎说：此方即是桂枝去芍药加附子汤。只是彼方桂枝用三两，附子用一枚，用来治疗误下后脉促、胸满的证候；此方桂枝增加一两，附子增加二枚，用来治疗风湿相搏、身疼、脉浮涩的证候。同一个方名却治疗截然不同的疾病，方名也不同，剂量的增减不可轻视，其义理非常精妙。后人怎能随意对古方进行加减呢？
Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma preparata with honey (Zhigancao), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang) (each 3 liang).
The above four ingredients are crushed, sifted into powder, and mixed with honey to form pills the size of a chicken egg yolk. Dissolve one pill in several he of boiling water by grinding it, and take warm. Take three times a day, and twice at night. If warmth is not felt in the abdomen after taking the medicine, increase the dose to three or four pills per administration. However, this formulation is less effective than the decoction. For the decoction method, use the four ingredients according to the specified weights, cut them, add eight sheng of water, boil until three sheng remain, remove the dregs, and take one sheng warm, three times a day. If there is a pulsating sensation above the umbilicus, indicating movement of Kidney Qi (Shenqi), remove Baizhu and add Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) 4 liang. If vomiting is frequent, remove Baizhu and add Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) 3 liang. If diarrhea is frequent, continue using Baizhu. If palpitations occur, add Poria (Fuling) 2 liang. If there is thirst for drinking water, increase Baizhu to 4.5 liang total. If there is abdominal pain, increase Ginseng Radix (Renshen) to 4.5 liang total. If there is coldness, increase Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang) to 4.5 liang total. If there is abdominal fullness, remove Baizhu and add Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi) one piece. After taking the decoction, about the time it takes to eat a meal, drink approximately one sheng of hot porridge to maintain slight warmth; do not uncover clothing or blankets.
The Classic states: After a major illness has resolved, frequent spitting and prolonged inability to clear it indicate Cold in the Stomach (Wei Shang You Han). It should be treated with pill formulations, specifically Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill). In Huoluan (Huo Luan, a disease characterized by sudden vomiting and diarrhea) presenting with headache, fever, body pain, and predominance of Cold with no desire for water, Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) is appropriate. "Lizhong" refers to regulating Cold in the Middle Jiao (Zhong Jiao). When Cold is located above the Stomach, the warmth of the pill formulation allows it to linger in the upper part to warm the Stomach and disperse Cold. In cases of Huoluan where Cold overwhelms Heat, urgent warming is required, so pills are unsuitable and decoctions are preferred. Slow conditions suit pills; urgent conditions suit decoctions. This is the established method of the Sages and must not be violated. Furthermore, the modification principles of Lizhong Tang share the same logic as those of Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) and Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction); they should be studied carefully and not read hastily.
Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) 4 liang, peeled; Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi) 3 pieces, prepared, peeled, broken into eight slices; Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) 3 liang, sliced; Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma preparata with honey (Zhigancao) 3 liang; Jujubae Fructus (Dazao) 12 pieces, split open.
The above five ingredients are boiled in six sheng of water until three sheng remain. Remove the dregs and divide into three warm doses.
In Taiyang Disease (Taiyang Bing) lasting eight or nine days, Wind-Dampness (Feng Shi) intertwines, causing severe bodily pain and inability to turn over independently, without vomiting or thirst, and with a pulse that is floating, deficient, and choppy. Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) is indicated. Commentary: Severe bodily pain and inability to turn over indeed belong to the pattern of Wind-Dampness intertwining. However, Wind-Dampness intertwining can belong to Damp-Warmth (Shi Wen) or Cold-Dampness (Han Shi). How to distinguish? From symptoms: Vomiting and thirst indicate Warmth; absence of vomiting and thirst indicates Cold. From pulse: Excess and rapid pulse indicates Warmth; floating, deficient, and choppy pulse indicates Cold. Carefully examining this syndrome and pulse confirms the indication for Guizhi Fuzi Tang without doubt.
Xu Lingtai stated: This formula is essentially Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Peony plus Aconite). In that formula, Guizhi is used in 3 liang and Fuzi in one piece, treating post-error-purgation with a hurried pulse and chest fullness. Here, Guizhi is increased by one liang and Fuzi by two pieces, treating Wind-Dampness intertwining with body pain and a floating, choppy pulse. The same base formula treats vastly different conditions, and the names differ; dosage adjustments cannot be ignored, demonstrating profound principle. How can later practitioners casually modify ancient formulas?