黄连 甘草（炙） 干姜 桂枝（各三两去皮） 人参（二两） 半夏（半升洗） 大枣（十二
枚擘）
上七味。以水一斗。煮取六升。去滓。温服一升。日三夜二服。
伤寒胸中有热。胃中有邪气。腹中痛。欲呕吐者。黄连汤主之。按胸中有热。则阳邪格
于上。故
欲呕吐。胃中有邪气。则阴邪格于下。故腹中痛。腹中痛。欲下而不得下也。欲呕吐。欲吐
而仍不得吐也。上热下寒。法当和解。方用黄连泻胸热。干姜散胃寒。复以半夏宽中而开结
。佐以桂枝通阳而化阴。然上征下夺。宜从中治。故用人参甘草大枣。创建中气。而上下之
邪。各随所主之药而分解。此泻心之变方。而又与泻心之取义不同。
黄芩（三两） 甘草（炙） 芍药（各二两） 大枣（十二枚擘）
上四味。以水一斗。煮取三升。去滓。温服一升。日再夜一服。
太阳与少阳合病。自下利者。与黄芩汤。按合病而至于下利。则邪气将从少阳。转陷入
里。
故君黄芩彻少阳之热。而复以芍药约之。甘枣和之。使热清而利自止。虽半表半里之邪。而
里多于表。故治法不从表而从里。
太阳阳明合病下利。表证为多。主葛根汤。阳明少阳合病下利。里证为多。主承气汤。
太阳
少阳合病下利。半里半表之证为多。此方即是和法。同一合病下利。而主治不同。何等深细
。
黄连、甘草（炙）、干姜、桂枝（各三两，去皮）、人参（二两）、半夏（半升，洗）、大枣（十二枚，掰开）
以上七味药。用水一斗，煎煮至取药液六升，滤去药渣。每次温服一升，白天服三次，夜间服两次。
伤寒病，胸中有热邪，胃中有寒邪气，腹中疼痛，想要呕吐的，用黄连汤主治。按：胸中有热，则是阳邪格拒于上，所以想要呕吐；胃中有寒邪气，则是阴邪格拒于下，所以腹中疼痛。腹中疼痛，是想排便却排不出来；想要呕吐，是想吐却吐不出来。上热下寒，治法应当和解。方中用黄连清泻胸中之热，干姜散除胃中之寒，再用半夏宽畅中焦而开结滞，佐以桂枝通达阳气而化阴邪。然而上部的征象和下部的夺损，适宜从中焦治疗，所以用人参、甘草、大枣来建立中气，使上下的邪气各自随着所主之药而分解。这是泻心汤类的变方，但又与泻心汤的本义不同。
黄芩（三两）、甘草（炙）、芍药（各二两）、大枣（十二枚，掰开）
以上四味药。用水一斗，煎煮至取药液三升，滤去药渣。每次温服一升，白天服两次，夜间服一次。
太阳经与少阳经合病，出现自发性腹泻的，给予黄芩汤。按：合病而至于腹泻，则邪气将从少阳转入陷入里部，所以以黄芩为君药，清除少阳之热，再用芍药收敛制约它，用甘草和大枣调和它，使热清而腹泻自然停止。虽然是半表半里的邪气，但里证多于表证，所以治法不从解表而从治里。
太阳经与阳明经合病导致腹泻，表证较多，主治葛根汤；阳明经与少阳经合病导致腹泻，里证较多，主治承气汤；太阳经与少阳经合病导致腹泻，半表半里的证候较多，此方即是和法。同样是合病导致腹泻，但主治方剂不同，其中的道理何等深奥细致。
Rhizoma Coptidis (Huanglian), Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (Zhi Gancao), Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Ganjiang), Ramulus Cinnamomi (Guizhi) [each 3 liang, bark removed], Radix Ginseng (Renshen) [2 liang], Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum (Banxia) [half sheng, washed], Fructus Jujubae (Dazao) [12 pieces, split open].
The above seven herbs. Decoct with 10 dou of water, boil down to obtain 6 sheng of liquid, remove the dregs. Take 1 sheng warm, three times during the day and twice at night.
In Shaoyang disease (Shaoyang Bing), if there is heat in the chest and cold qi in the stomach, accompanied by abdominal pain and a desire to vomit, Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction) is the primary formula. Commentary: Heat in the chest indicates Yang pathogenic factors obstructing upwards, hence the desire to vomit; Cold qi in the stomach indicates Yin pathogenic factors obstructing downwards, hence the abdominal pain. The abdominal pain signifies a desire to defecate but inability to do so; the desire to vomit signifies a desire to expel but inability to do so. With Upper Heat and Lower Cold, the treatment method should be harmonization. In this formula, Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) clears the heat in the chest, Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) disperses the cold in the stomach, Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum) opens the middle jiao and resolves stagnation, assisted by Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) to unblock Yang and transform Yin. However, since there are signs above and depletion below, treatment should focus on the Middle Jiao. Therefore, Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata), and Dazao (Fructus Jujubae) are used to establish Middle Qi, allowing the pathogens above and below to be resolved according to their respective governing herbs. This is a modified variation of Xiexin Tang (Heart-Draining Decoction), yet its rationale differs from that of Xiexin Tang.
Radix Scutellariae (Huangqin) [3 liang], Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (Zhi Gancao), Radix Paeoniae Alba (Shaoyao) [each 2 liang], Fructus Jujubae (Dazao) [12 pieces, split open].
The above four herbs. Decoct with 10 dou of water, boil down to obtain 3 sheng of liquid, remove the dregs. Take 1 sheng warm, twice during the day and once at night.
When Taiyang disease (Taiyang Bing) and Shaoyang disease (Shaoyang Bing) combine (Hebing), resulting in spontaneous diarrhea, Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) should be administered. Commentary: When combined diseases progress to diarrhea, the pathogenic factor tends to transition from Shaoyang into the interior. Therefore, Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) is used as the sovereign herb to clear Shaoyang heat, assisted by Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) to constrain it, and Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) and Dazao (Fructus Jujubae) to harmonize it. This clears the heat and stops the diarrhea naturally. Although the pathogen is in the half-exterior half-interior, the interior syndrome predominates over the exterior syndrome; thus, the treatment method addresses the interior rather than releasing the exterior.
When Taiyang disease (Taiyang Bing) and Yangming disease (Yangming Bing) combine causing diarrhea, where exterior syndromes predominate, Gegen Tang (Pueraria Decoction) is indicated. When Yangming disease (Yangming Bing) and Shaoyang disease (Shaoyang Bing) combine causing diarrhea, where interior syndromes predominate, Chengqi Tang (Descending the Qi Decoction) is indicated. When Taiyang disease (Taiyang Bing) and Shaoyang disease (Shaoyang Bing) combine causing diarrhea, where half-exterior half-interior syndromes predominate, this formula represents the Harmonizing Method. Although all are combined diseases causing diarrhea, the primary treatments differ, demonstrating profound subtlety.