脉浮者病在表可发汗宜麻黄汤脉浮而数者可发汗宜麻黄汤
浮为在表表被风寒则宜汗浮数即浮紧之变文紧则必不迟缓亦可言数是伤寒之脉当以麻黄发汗也
伤寒发汗宜解半日许复烦脉浮数者可更发汗宜桂枝汤（方在太阳三）
伤寒服麻黄发汗已解乃半日许复烦脉见浮数是卫郁已泄而营郁不达可更发汗以泄其营宜桂枝汤也
伤寒不大便六七日头痛有热者与承气汤（太阳入阳明去路）其小便清者知不在里仍在表也当须发汗（此麻黄证）若
头痛者必衄宜桂枝汤（方在太阳五此麻黄证中又有用桂枝者）
阳明腑病胃燥便难伤寒不大便至六七日头痛而有热者是有阳明里证宜与承气汤以泄里热然阳明病小盒饭赤若小便清
者则病不在里犹在表也当须发汗以解表寒若头痛不已者是卫郁不得旁泄而逆冲头面故致头痛及其郁迫莫容自寻出路必将
冲突鼻窍以泄积郁卫气上泄升逼营血是为衄证此宜以桂枝泄其营郁使不闭束卫气卫气松缓则衄证免矣
太阳病脉浮紧发热身无汗自衄者愈
发热无汗而脉浮紧是宜麻黄发汗以泄卫郁若失服麻黄皮毛束闭卫郁莫泄蓄极思通势必逆冲鼻窍而为衄证自衄则卫泄
而病愈矣
伤寒脉浮紧不发汗以致衄者宜麻黄汤主之
浮紧之脉应当发汗失不发汗卫郁莫泄因而致衄是缘不早服麻黄故至此当先以麻黄发之勿俟其衄也
脉象浮的，病邪在体表，可以用发汗法治疗，适宜用麻黄汤。
脉象浮而数的，可以用发汗法治疗，适宜用麻黄汤。
“浮”表示病邪在表，体表被风寒侵袭，所以适宜发汗。“浮数”是“浮紧”的变文说法，“紧”脉必然不迟缓，也可以说是“数”，这是伤寒病的脉象，应当用麻黄汤来发汗。
伤寒病发汗后，大约过了半天左右，又出现烦热症状，脉象浮数，可以再次发汗，适宜用桂枝汤（方剂见太阳篇第三节）。
伤寒服用麻黄汤发汗后，病情虽然解除，但大约过了半天左右又出现烦热，脉象呈现浮数，这是因为卫气郁结已解，但营气郁结未能通达，可以再次发汗以疏通营气，适宜用桂枝汤。
伤寒病六七天不大便，头痛且有发热，属于阳明腑实证，应给予承气汤（从太阳经传入阳明的路径）。如果小便清长，说明病不在里，仍在表，此时应当发汗（此属麻黄汤证）。如果头痛剧烈，可能会导致鼻出血，适宜用桂枝汤（方剂见太阳篇第五节，此处虽为麻黄汤证范畴，但也有使用桂枝汤的情况）。
阳明腑病，胃中燥热导致大便困难。伤寒病六七天不大便，头痛且有发热，这是有阳明里证的迹象，适宜给予承气汤以泄除里热。然而，如果是阳明病，小便应当短赤；若小便清长，则病不在里，仍然在表，应当发汗以解除表寒。如果头痛持续不止，是因为卫气郁结不能向旁侧宣泄，反而逆冲头面，从而导致头痛。等到郁结逼迫至极，身体自寻出路，必然会冲击鼻窍以宣泄积郁之气。卫气向上宣泄，升腾逼迫营血，这就形成了鼻衄证。此时适宜用桂枝汤来疏泄营气郁结，使其不再闭束卫气。卫气松缓，鼻衄证即可免除。
太阳病，脉象浮紧，发热，身上无汗，如果自然发生鼻出血，病就会痊愈。
发热、无汗且脉象浮紧，本应用麻黄汤发汗以宣泄卫气郁结。如果误治或未及时服用麻黄汤，皮毛闭塞，卫气郁结无法宣泄，蓄积到极点想要通畅，势必会逆冲鼻窍而导致鼻衄。如果自然鼻衄，卫气得以宣泄，疾病就会痊愈。
伤寒病，脉象浮紧，因未发汗而导致鼻衄的，适宜用麻黄汤主治。
浮紧的脉象本应当发汗，因未及时发汗，卫气郁结无法宣泄，因而导致鼻衄，这是因为没有早服麻黄汤才导致这种情况。应当先用麻黄汤发散邪气，不要等待其自行鼻衄。
If the pulse is floating, the pathogen is in the exterior; sweating therapy should be applied, and Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is indicated.
If the pulse is floating and rapid, sweating therapy should be applied, and Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is indicated.
"Floating" indicates the pathogen is in the exterior; when the exterior is invaded by wind-cold, sweating is appropriate. "Floating and rapid" is a variant description of "floating and tight"; a "tight" pulse is necessarily not sluggish, so it can also be described as "rapid." This is the pulse pattern of Shanghan (Cold Damage); Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) should be used to induce sweating.
In cases of Shanghan (Cold Damage), after inducing sweating, if restlessness recurs after about half a day and the pulse is floating and rapid, sweating may be reapplied, and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated (formula found in Taiyang Chapter 3).
After treating Shanghan (Cold Damage) with Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) to induce sweating, if the condition resolves but restlessness recurs after about half a day with a floating and rapid pulse, it indicates that Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) stagnation has been released, but Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) stagnation remains unresolvable. Sweating may be reapplied to vent the Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi), and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated.
In cases of Shanghan (Cold Damage), if there is constipation for six or seven days accompanied by headache and fever, this suggests Yangming Fu-organ syndrome (Yangming Bowel Syndrome); Chengqi Tang (Gut-Purging Decoction) should be administered (the pathway from Taiyang to Yangming). If urination is clear, it indicates the disease is not in the interior but remains in the exterior; sweating is required at this time (this belongs to the Mahuang Tang [Ephedra Decoction] syndrome category). If headache persists, epistaxis (nosebleed) will likely occur, and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated (formula found in Taiyang Chapter 5; although this falls under the Mahuang Tang [Ephedra Decoction] syndrome category, Guizhi Tang [Cinnamon Twig Decoction] is also used here).
Yangming Fu-organ syndrome involves dryness and heat in the stomach leading to difficult defecation. In Shanghan (Cold Damage), if constipation persists for six or seven days accompanied by headache and fever, this presents signs of Yangming interior syndrome, and Chengqi Tang (Gut-Purging Decoction) should be given to purge interior heat. However, in Yangming disease, urine should typically be dark and scanty; if urine is clear, the disease is not in the interior but remains in the exterior, and sweating should be induced to resolve exterior cold. If headache persists, it is because Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) stagnation cannot dissipate laterally and instead rebels upward to the head and face, causing headache. When the stagnation becomes unbearable, the body seeks an outlet, inevitably impacting the nasal cavity to vent accumulated stagnation. As Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) vents upward, it forces Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) blood, resulting in epistaxis (nosebleed). At this stage, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) should be used to vent Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) stagnation, preventing it from binding Wei Qi (Defensive Qi). Once Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) relaxes, the epistaxis (nosebleed) will cease.
In Taiyang disease, if the pulse is floating and tight, there is fever, no sweating, and spontaneous epistaxis (nosebleed) occurs, the disease will resolve.
Fever, absence of sweating, and a floating-tight pulse indicate that Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) should be used to induce sweating and vent Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) stagnation. If Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is missed or improperly administered, the skin pores remain closed, Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) stagnation cannot vent, and upon reaching extreme accumulation, it must seek release, inevitably rebelling into the nasal cavity causing epistaxis (nosebleed). Spontaneous epistaxis (nosebleed) allows Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) to vent, thereby resolving the disease.
In cases of Shanghan (Cold Damage), if the pulse is floating and tight and epistaxis (nosebleed) occurs due to failure to induce sweating, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is the primary treatment.
A floating-tight pulse warrants sweating; failure to sweat early causes Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) stagnation to persist, leading to epistaxis (nosebleed). This situation arises from not administering Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) promptly. One should first use Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) to disperse the pathogen rather than waiting for spontaneous epistaxis (nosebleed).