附子 白术 茯苓 芍药 人参
少阴病。得之一二日。口中和。背恶寒者。当灸。此汤主之。 背者。胸中之府。诸阳
受气
在表而恶寒者。则一身尽寒矣。但背恶寒者。阴盛可知已。或乘阴气不足。阳陷阴中。表阳
新虚。而背微恶寒者。经所谓无大热。燥渴。心烦。背微恶寒。白虎加人参汤主之。一为
阴寒气盛。一为阳气内陷。盖阴寒不耗津液。故于少阴病则曰。口中和也。及阳气内陷。则
热耗津液。故于太阳病则曰口燥舌干而渴也。故阴阳不同。当以口中润燥为辨。按辛以散之
。附子之辛以散寒。甘以缓之。茯苓人参白术之甘以补阳。酸以收之。芍药之酸以扶阴。大
抵偏阴偏阳。则为病。火欲实水当平之。不欲偏胜也。
赤石脂 干姜 粳米
主少阴病。二三日至四五日。腹痛。小便不利。下利脓血。 二三日至四五日。寒邪入
里深也。腹痛者。里寒也。小便不利者。水谷不分也。下利脓血者。肠胃虚弱。下焦不固也。涩
可去脱。石脂之涩。以固肠胃。辛以散之。干姜之辛。以散里寒。甘以缓之。粳米之甘。以
养正气。
猪肤（一斤即鲜猪皮也吴绶以为 猪时刮下黑肤非革外浓皮之义矣）
少阴病。下利咽痛。胸满心烦者。此汤主之。 猪。水畜也。其气先入肾。少阴客热。
是以猪肤解之。加白蜜。以润燥除烦。加白粉。以益气断利。
少阴病（少阴经受邪所致的病证），发病一两天，口中感觉平和（无燥热感），背部怕冷的，应当施以艾灸治疗，此方主治。背部是胸中脏腑的外府，诸阳经之气汇聚于此。如果在体表受邪而恶寒，则全身都会感到寒冷。如果只是背部怕冷，可知是阴寒过盛。或者因为阴气不足，阳气下陷于阴分之中，表阳刚刚虚弱，导致背部微微怕冷，这就是经文所说的“没有大热”，伴有口干烦躁、背部微恶寒，应用白虎加人参汤主治。前者是阴寒气盛，后者是阳气内陷。大概阴寒不会耗伤津液，所以在少阴病中说“口中平和”。等到阳气内陷，热邪耗伤津液，所以在太阳病中说“口燥舌干而渴”。因此阴阳不同，应当以口中湿润或干燥作为辨别依据。按中医理论，辛味能发散，附子的辛味用来散寒；甘味能缓急，茯苓、人参、白术的甘味用来补益阳气；酸味能收敛，芍药的酸味用来扶持阴气。大抵偏于阴或偏于阳，就会致病。火气要充实，水气就要平抑，不希望出现偏胜的情况。
主治少阴病，从二三天到四五天，出现腹痛，小便不利，腹泻排出脓血。从二三天到四五天，说明寒邪深入体内。腹痛是因为里有寒邪。小便不利是因为水谷不能分别清浊。腹泻脓血是因为肠胃虚弱，下焦固摄无力。涩味可以止脱，赤石脂的涩味用来固护肠胃。辛味能发散，干姜的辛味用来散发里寒。甘味能缓急，粳米的甘味用来滋养正气。
猪肤（一斤即鲜猪皮，吴绶认为这是猪身上刮下的黑色表皮，并非革外厚皮的意思）。
主治少阴病，腹泻伴有咽喉疼痛，胸部胀满，心烦意乱的，此方主治。猪是水畜，其气首先入肾。少阴经受客热侵袭，所以用猪肤来解除热邪。加入白蜜，用来润燥除烦。加入白粉（米粉），用来益气并停止腹泻。
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix).
Shaoyin disease (disease pattern of the Shaoyin channel): Onset within one or two days. The mouth feels neutral (no dryness or heat sensation). If there is aversion to cold in the back, moxibustion should be applied; this decoction is indicated. The back is the mansion of the chest organs, where the qi of all Yang channels gathers. When pathogenic factors are on the exterior causing aversion to cold, the whole body feels cold. However, if only the back feels cold, it indicates an excess of Yin-cold. Alternatively, due to insufficiency of Yin qi, Yang qi sinks into the Yin, and the exterior Yang is newly deficient, leading to slight aversion to cold in the back. This corresponds to the classic text stating "no significant heat," accompanied by thirst, irritability, and slight aversion to cold in the back, which is treated with Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Plus Ginseng Decoction). The former case involves excess Yin-cold, while the latter involves internal sinking of Yang qi. Generally, Yin-cold does not consume body fluids; thus, in Shaoyin disease, it is stated that "the mouth is neutral." When Yang qi sinks internally, heat consumes body fluids; thus, in Taiyang disease, it is stated that "the mouth is dry, the tongue is parched, and there is thirst." Therefore, Yin and Yang differ, and differentiation should be based on whether the mouth is moist or dry. According to therapeutic principles, pungent flavors disperse; the pungency of Fuzi disperses cold. Sweet flavors moderate; the sweetness of Fuling, Renshen, and Baizhu tonifies Yang qi. Sour flavors astringe; the sourness of Shaoyao supports Yin qi. Broadly speaking, deviation toward Yin or Yang leads to disease. If Fire desires to be substantial, Water must be balanced; neither should prevail excessively.
Chishizhi (Kaolinitum), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Germen).
Indicated for Shaoyin disease progressing from two to three days to four to five days, presenting with abdominal pain, difficult urination, and diarrhea with pus and blood. Progressing from two to three days to four to five days indicates that cold pathogens have penetrated deeply into the interior. Abdominal pain indicates interior cold. Difficult urination indicates failure to separate clear turbid substances from food and water. Diarrhea with pus and blood indicates weakness of the intestines and stomach and instability of the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner). Astringent flavors can prevent collapse; the astringency of Chishizhi consolidates the intestines and stomach. Pungent flavors disperse; the pungency of Ganjiang disperses interior cold. Sweet flavors moderate; the sweetness of Jingni nourishes healthy Qi.
Zhufu (Porcinis Cutis, i.e., fresh pig skin; Wu Shou considered this to refer to the black epidermis scraped off the pig, not the thick dermis outside the hide).
Indicated for Shaoyin disease presenting with diarrhea, sore throat, chest fullness, and irritability; this decoction is indicated. Pigs are aquatic animals, and their nature enters the Kidney first. External heat invading the Shaoyin channel is resolved by Zhufu. Adding Baimi (Honey) moistens dryness and relieves irritability. Adding Baifen (Rice flour) benefits Qi and stops diarrhea.