（瘀，于预切，积也。又音于）
桃仁承气汤 治太阳病不解，而循经热结在膀胱，其人如狂，血自下者愈。
表不解者，先以桂枝汤解表，已而，但小腹急结者乃以下之（或言少腹者误也，脐上为
腹，腹下为小腹，小腹两旁，谓之少腹，凡下皆作小腹也）。
抵当丸 治伤寒里热，少腹满，当小便不利，今反利者，有蓄血也，宜以下之。
抵当汤 治太阳日深，表证仍在，循经而热蓄下焦，脉微而沉，不结胸而发
狂者，热在下焦，少腹当硬满，小便自利也，血下乃愈，宜以攻之。或太阳病，身黄，脉沉者，循
经而蓄热下焦也，少腹硬，小便不利，为无血，小便自利，如狂者，瘀血证也。或阳明蓄热内甚而
喜忘（喜，许记切），或狂，大便虽硬而反易不难也，其色黑者，有蓄血也。或无表里证，但发热日
深，脉虽浮者，亦可下之。或已下后，脉数、胸热、消谷善饥，数日不大便者，有瘀血也，并宜
抵当汤下之。
茵陈汤 治阳明里热极甚，烦渴，热郁留饮不散，以致湿热相搏而身体发黄。
或言寒热相搏而发黄者，误也。则如万物湿热甚，则自生黄色苔也。或本伤寒热极
失下，或误汗之、温之、灸之、熨之，或误服银粉、巴豆大毒热药下之，反以亡液损其阴气，邪热转
甚；或下之太早，热入里，不成结胸，但以发黄者；或失寒凉调治，或热势本恶，虽按法治之，而不
能退其热势之甚者，或下后，热势不退，皆能发于黄也。大抵本因热郁极甚，留饮不散，湿热相搏而黄也。
其候但头汗出，身无汗，剂颈而还，小便不利，渴饮水浆者，身必发黄也。
怫热在表，燥而无汗，湿热在里，气甚不能散越于外，则湿热之气郁甚而上行，以至头面阳极
之分，则湿热蒸为微汗，而颈下无汗。然湿热不能自然宣通散越于周身，故湿热郁之极甚，而面目、
遍身发黄也。故白虎汤证，遍身自汗出者，仲景谓之散越，不发于黄也。小便不利者，湿热发黄之证
也。或小便自利，或狂，或大便黑者，瘀血证也。发黄亦有谵妄者，本所不
言，以黄证未明，故不须言也。
宜茵陈汤调下五苓散以利小便，退其湿热也。已黄者，茵陈汤利大、小便也。
（“瘀”，读音为“于预”切音，意为积聚。又读作“于”音。）
桃仁承气汤：治疗太阳病未解，热邪沿经络内结于膀胱，患者出现神志失常如狂的症状，若瘀血能自行排出则病愈。
若表证仍未解除，应先使用桂枝汤解表；待表解之后，仅见小腹部拘急硬结的，才可以使用攻下法。（有人说是少腹，这是错误的。脐上称为腹，脐下称为小腹，小腹两侧称为少腹，凡涉及攻下的部位均指小腹。）
抵当丸：治疗伤寒里热炽盛，小腹胀满，本应小便不利，如今反而通利的，是有蓄血所致，适宜用攻下法。
抵当汤：治疗太阳病日久，表证仍在，热邪沿经络蓄积于下焦，脉象微而沉，不形成结胸证却出现发狂症状的，是热在下焦，小腹部应当硬满，小便自利，瘀血下行后病愈，适宜用攻逐法。或者是太阳病，身体发黄，脉象沉的，是热邪沿经络蓄积于下焦；若小腹部硬，小便不利，说明无瘀血；若小便自利，且出现如狂症状，则是瘀血证。或者是阳明经蓄热严重导致健忘（“喜”，读音为“许记”切音），或者发狂，大便虽然干硬但排出不难，颜色发黑的，是有蓄血。或者没有表证和里证的典型表现，只是发热日渐加重，脉象即使浮，也可以攻下。或者已经攻下之后，脉数、胸部发热、食欲旺盛易饥，几天不大便的，是有瘀血，都适宜用抵当汤攻下。
茵陈汤：治疗阳明经里热极盛，烦躁口渴，热邪郁滞导致水饮停留不散，致使湿热相互搏结而身体发黄。
有人说寒热相搏导致发黄，这是错误的。这就好比万物在湿热严重时，自然会产生黄色的苔藓。或者是原本患伤寒热极未及时攻下，或者误用发汗、温灸、熨贴等方法，或者误服银粉、巴豆等大毒热药攻下，反而导致津液耗损、阴气受损，邪热更加炽盛；或者攻下过早，热邪入里，未形成结胸，仅仅表现为发黄；或者失于寒凉调理，或者热势本来就很猛烈，即使按照正确方法治疗，也不能退去剧烈热势的，或者攻下后热势不退，都能导致发黄。大抵都是因为热邪郁滞极甚，水饮停留不散，湿热相互搏结而发黄。其症状表现为只有头部出汗，身上无汗，汗水只到颈部为止，小便不利，想喝水浆的，身体一定会发黄。
热邪郁滞在体表，干燥而无汗；湿热郁滞在体内，气机壅盛不能向外发散，于是湿热之气郁滞严重而上行，到达头面部阳气最盛的部位，湿热蒸腾变为微汗，而颈部以下无汗。然而湿热不能自然宣通发散于全身，所以湿热郁滞极甚，导致面目及全身发黄。因此，白虎汤证中，全身自然出汗的，张仲景称之为“散越”，不会发黄。小便不利的，是湿热发黄的证候。如果小便自利，或者发狂，或者大便黑色的，是瘀血证。发黄也有出现胡言乱语（谵妄）的，原文未提及，因为黄证的机理尚未阐明，所以不需要赘述。
适宜用茵陈汤调服五苓散以利小便，消退湿热。已经发黄的，用茵陈汤通利大、小便。
(Yu, pronounced with the cut-off sound of "Yu Yu", means accumulation. Also pronounced as "Yu".)
Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Decoction to Drain the Lower Jiao): Treats Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang channel) that has not resolved, where heat binds along the channel in the Bladder. The patient exhibits a manic-like state (Ru Kuang). If blood discharges spontaneously, the disease resolves.
If the exterior syndrome (Biao Zheng) has not resolved, first use Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to release the exterior. Afterward, if only the lower abdomen (Xiao Fu) is urgent and knotted, then apply purgation. (Some say Shaofu [Lesser Abdomen], which is an error. Above the navel is called Fu [Abdomen]; below the navel is Xiao Fu; the sides of the lower abdomen are called Shaofu. All references to purgation here refer to Xiao Fu.)
Didang Wan (Mantis Egg Pill): Treats Shanghan (Cold Damage) with intense interior heat, fullness in the lower abdomen, where urination should be difficult but is now free. This indicates Blood Stasis (Xu Xue), and purgation is appropriate.
Didang Tang (Mantis Egg Decoction): Treats Taiyang disease progressing deeply, where exterior signs remain, but heat accumulates in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner) along the channel. The pulse is faint and deep. There is no Jie Xiong (Chest Binding) syndrome, but mania occurs due to heat in the Lower Jiao. The lower abdomen should be hard and full, and urination is free. When blood discharges, the disease resolves; attack/purgation is appropriate. Alternatively, in Taiyang disease, if the body is yellow and the pulse is deep, heat has accumulated in the Lower Jiao along the channel. If the lower abdomen is hard and urination is obstructed, there is no blood stasis. If urination is free and the patient is manic-like, it is a Blood Stasis syndrome. Alternatively, in Yangming disease, if interior heat accumulation is severe causing forgetfulness (Xi, pronounced "Xu Ji"), or mania, and although the stool is hard, it is easy to pass and black in color, this indicates Blood Stasis. Or, if there are no clear exterior or interior syndromes, but fever deepens daily, even if the pulse is floating, purgation may be applied. Or, after purgation, if the pulse is rapid, there is chest heat, polyphagia (easily hungry), and no bowel movement for several days, this indicates Blood Stasis; all such cases are suitable for treatment with Didang Tang.
Yinchen Tang (Artemisia Capillaris Decoction): Treats extreme Yangming interior heat, irritability, thirst, and stagnant heat with retained fluids that fail to dissipate, leading to damp-heat binding and jaundice (Huang).
Those who claim jaundice results from cold-heat binding are mistaken. Just as when things are excessively hot and damp, yellow moss naturally grows. Jaundice may result from: original Shanghan with extreme heat not treated with purgation in time; erroneous use of sweating, warming, moxibustion, or hot compress therapies; or erroneous use of toxic hot purgatives like Silver Powder (Yinfen) or Croton Seed (Badou), which deplete fluids and damage Yin, causing pathogenic heat to intensify; or premature purgation causing heat to enter the interior without forming Jie Xiong, resulting only in jaundice; or failure to use cooling treatments appropriately; or inherently fierce heat that cannot be subdued even with correct treatment; or persistent heat after purgation. All these can cause jaundice. Generally, jaundice arises from extreme heat stagnation, retained fluids failing to dissipate, and damp-heat binding.
Symptoms include sweating only on the head, no sweat on the body, sweat stopping at the neck, obstructed urination, and craving drinks. In such cases, jaundice will develop.
Heat stagnating in the exterior is dry with no sweat; damp-heat in the interior causes Qi to be excessive and unable to disperse outward. Thus, damp-heat Qi stagnates severely and rises to the head and face, the area of extreme Yang. Damp-heat steams into slight sweat, while the neck and below have no sweat. Since damp-heat cannot naturally circulate and disperse throughout the body, it stagnates extremely, causing yellowing of the face, eyes, and whole body. Therefore, in Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) syndrome, where the whole body sweats spontaneously, Zhang Zhongjing calls this "San Yue" (Dispersal and Overflow), and jaundice does not occur. Obstructed urination is a sign of damp-heat jaundice. If urination is free, or there is mania, or black stools, it is a Blood Stasis syndrome. Jaundice can also present with delirium (Zhan Wang), but this is not mentioned in the text because the mechanism of jaundice was not yet fully clarified, so it need not be discussed.
It is appropriate to administer Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) mixed with Yinchen Tang to promote urination and resolve damp-heat. For those already jaundiced, Yinchen Tang promotes both large and small urination.