伤寒阴阳易之为病。其人身体重。少气。少腹里急。或引阴中拘挛。热上冲胸。头重不欲举。
眼中生花。膝胫拘急者。烧 散主之。
阴阳易者。男子大病新瘥。尚有余热。妇人与之交而得病。名曰阳易。或妇人大病新瘥。余热
未尽。男子与之交而得病者。名曰阴易。以阴阳相感。精气交通。热气从之而传易也。其人身体重
少气者。劳伤真气。而热胜之也。少腹里急。或引阴中拘挛。及膝胫拘急者。精虚热入。而脉道不
通也。热上冲胸。头重不欲举。眼中生花。则热气重蒸。而且上淆清阳矣。
大病瘥后劳复者。枳实栀子豉汤主之。若有宿食者。加大黄如博棋子大五六枚。
大病新瘥。血气未复。余热未尽。而强力作劳。因复发热者。名曰劳复。为其余热之气。因劳
而外浮也。枳实、栀子。所以下热。豆豉所以散热。盖亦表里之剂。而气味轻薄。适宜于病后复发
之体耳。若有宿食者。名曰食复。内经所谓食肉则复。多食则遗也。故于枳实栀子豉汤中少加大黄
。以逐其宿食。
枳实栀子豉汤方
枳实（三枚炙） 栀子（十四枚擘） 豉（一升绵裹）
上以清浆水七升。空煮取四升。纳枳栀。煮取二升。下豉。更煮五六沸。去滓。温分再服。覆
令微似汗。伤寒瘥已后更发热者。小柴胡汤主之。脉浮者。以汗解之。脉沉实者。以下解之。
伤寒瘥已后更发热者。不因作劳。亦未过食。而未尽之热自从内而达于外也。故与小柴胡汤。
因其势而解之。且人参、甘枣。可以益病后之虚。黄芩、半夏。可以和未平之里也。脉浮者。邪气
连表。汗之使之外解。脉沉实者。邪气居里。下之使从里解。亦因其势而利导之耳。
大病瘥后。从腰以下有水气者。牡蛎泽泻散主之。
大病新瘥。而腰以下肿满者。此必病中饮水过多。热邪虽解。水气不行。浸渍于下。而肌肉肿
满也。是当以急逐水邪为法。牡蛎泽泻散咸降之力居多。饮服方寸匕。不用汤药者。急药缓用。
且不使助水气也。若骤用补脾之法。恐脾气转滞而水气转盛。宁不泛滥为患耶。
牡蛎泽泻散方
牡蛎（熬） 泽泻 栝蒌根 葶苈（熬） 商陆根 蜀漆（洗去腥） 海藻（洗去咸各等分）
上七味。异捣下筛为散。更入臼中治之。白饮和服方寸匕。小便利。止后服。
大病瘥后。喜唾。久不了了者。胃上有寒。当以丸药温之。宜理中丸。
大病瘥后。胃阴虚者。津液不生。则口干欲饮。胃阳弱者。津液不摄。则口不渴而喜唾。至久
之而尚不了了。则必以补益其虚。以温益其阳矣。曰胃上有寒者。非必有客气也。虚则自生寒耳。
理中丸补虚温中之良剂。不用汤者。不欲以水气资吐也。
伤寒解后。虚羸少气。气逆欲吐者。竹叶石膏汤主之。
大邪虽解。元气未复。余邪未尽。气不足则因而生痰。热不除则因而上逆。是以虚羸少食。而
气逆欲吐也。竹叶石膏汤乃白虎汤之变法。以其少气。故加参、麦之甘以益气。以其气逆有饮。故
用半夏之辛以下气蠲饮。且去知母之咸寒。加竹叶之甘凉。尤于胃虚有热者为有当耳。
竹叶石膏汤方
竹叶（二把） 石膏（一斤） 人参（三两） 粳米（半升） 半夏（半升洗） 甘草（二两
炙） 麦冬（一升去心）
上七味。以水一斗。煮取六升。去滓。纳粳米。煮米熟汤成。去米。温服一升。日三服。
病患脉已解。而日暮微烦。以病新瘥。人强与谷。脾胃气尚弱。不能消谷。故令微烦。损谷则
愈。
脉已解者。病邪解而脉已和也。微烦、微热也。解则不当复烦。而日暮微烦者。以病新瘥。不
当与谷而强与之。胃虚谷实。不能胜之。则发烦热也。损谷则愈者。谓不可以药治之。但损其谷食
。则胃自和耳。
伤寒病后出现的“阴阳易”这种病症，患者身体沉重，气短乏力，小腹部拘急疼痛，有时牵引至阴部发生痉挛，热气上冲胸部，头部沉重不想抬起，眼前发黑视物模糊，膝盖和小腿拘挛僵硬。这种情况应当用烧裈散来主治。
所谓“阴阳易”，是指男子大病刚刚痊愈，体内尚有余热未清，此时与女子行房事而染病，称为“阳易”；或者女子大病刚刚痊愈，余热未尽，此时与男子行房事而染病的，称为“阴易”。这是因为阴阳相互感应，精气相通，体内的热气随之传染所致。患者身体沉重、气短，是因为劳损伤及真气，且被热邪所胜；小腹部拘急疼痛，或牵引阴部痉挛，以及膝盖和小腿拘挛，是因为精血亏虚、热邪内入，导致经脉通道不通畅；热气上冲胸部，头部沉重不想抬举，眼前发花，则是热气熏蒸严重，并且向上扰乱了清阳之气。
大病初愈后因劳累而复发的，应当用枳实栀子豉汤来主治。如果伴有积食停滞的，加大黄，大小如博戏用的棋子五六枚。
大病刚刚痊愈，气血尚未恢复，余热未尽，如果勉强从事体力劳动，因而再次发热的，称为“劳复”。这是因为余热的邪气，因为劳累而向外浮越。枳实和栀子，是用来泻下热邪的；豆豉，是用来发散热气的。这属于表里双解的方剂，但药性气味轻薄，适宜于病后复发体质的患者。如果有积食停滞的，称为“食复”。正如《内经》所说：“吃肉则复发，多吃则病邪遗留。”所以在枳实栀子豉汤中少量加入大黄，以驱除积滞的食物。
枳实栀子豉汤方：
枳实（三枚，炙） 栀子（十四枚，掰开） 豆豉（一升，用绵布包裹）
以上药物，用清浆水七升，先空煮取四升，放入枳实和栀子，煮取二升，再放入豆豉，继续煮五六沸，去渣滓。温服，分两次服用。服药后覆盖衣被，使身体微微出汗。
伤寒病愈后再次发热的，用小柴胡汤来主治。脉象浮的，用发汗法解除表邪；脉象沉实的，用攻下法解除里邪。
伤寒病愈后再次发热，并非因为劳累，也不是因为饮食过量，而是未尽的热邪自然从内部达于外部。所以给予小柴胡汤，顺应病势而解除邪气。而且人参、甘草、大枣，可以补益病后的虚弱；黄芩、半夏，可以调和尚未平复的里证。脉象浮的，说明邪气连及体表，发汗使其从外表解除；脉象沉实的，说明邪气居于体内，攻下使其从内部解除。这也是顺应病势而加以引导罢了。
大病初愈后，腰部以下有水气肿胀的，用牡蛎泽泻散来主治。
大病刚刚痊愈，腰部以下肿满的，这一定是生病期间饮水过多，虽然热邪已解，但水气不行，浸渍于下部，导致肌肉肿满。这时应当以急速驱逐水邪为治法。牡蛎泽泻散咸味降泄之力居多。每次服用方寸匕的药散，不用汤药，是为了急药缓用，且不助长水气。如果骤然使用补脾的方法，恐怕脾气更加壅滞，而水气反而更盛，难道不会泛滥成灾吗？
牡蛎泽泻散方：
牡蛎（熬制） 泽泻 栝蒌根 葶苈子（熬制） 商陆根 蜀漆（洗去腥味） 海藻（洗去咸味，各等分）
以上七味药，分别捣碎过筛成为散剂，再放入臼中研磨均匀。用米汤送服方寸匕。如果小便通畅，就停止服用。
大病初愈后，喜欢吐唾沫，长久不能好的，是胃上有寒，应当用丸药温补，适宜用理中丸。
大病初愈后，如果是胃阴虚，津液不生，就会口干想喝水；如果是胃阳弱，津液不摄，就会口不渴而喜欢吐唾沫。到了很久还不好，就必须补益其虚损，温补其阳气。说“胃上有寒”，并不是一定有外来的客邪，而是因为虚损自然产生寒象。理中丸是补虚温中的良剂。不用汤药，是不想用汤药的水气来资助呕吐。
伤寒病邪解除后，身体虚弱消瘦，气短乏力，气逆想要呕吐的，用竹叶石膏汤来主治。
大邪气虽然已解，元气尚未恢复，余邪未尽。气不足则因此生痰，热不除则因此上逆。所以出现身体虚弱消瘦、食欲不振，以及气逆想要呕吐的症状。竹叶石膏汤是白虎汤的变法。因为患者气短，所以加入人参、麦冬的甘味来益气；因为气逆且有饮邪，所以用半夏的辛味来下气并消除饮邪。同时去掉知母的咸寒，加入竹叶的甘凉，尤其适合胃虚有热的情况。
竹叶石膏汤方：
竹叶（二把） 石膏（一斤） 人参（三两） 粳米（半升） 半夏（半升，洗净） 甘草（二两，炙） 麦冬（一升，去心）
以上七味药，用水一斗，煮取六升，去渣滓，放入粳米，煮到米熟汤成，去掉米粒。温服一升，每日三次。
患者脉象已经平和，但在傍晚时分轻微烦闷，这是因为病刚痊愈，人们强行给进食物，脾胃之气尚弱，不能消化食物，所以导致轻微烦闷。减少饮食量就会痊愈。
脉象已经平和，说明病邪已解，脉象已调和。轻微烦闷、轻微发热。既然已解，就不应当再烦闷。而在傍晚时分轻微烦闷，是因为病刚痊愈，本不应进食却强行进食。胃虚而谷实，不能胜任消化，就会引发烦热。减少饮食量就会痊愈，意思是说不需要用药物治疗，只要减少谷物食物的摄入，胃气自然调和。
The disease known as "Yin-Yang Exchange" (Yin Yang Yi) following a Taiyang syndrome presents with the patient experiencing heavy body, shortness of breath (Shao Qi), urgency and tightness in the lower abdomen, sometimes extending to spasms in the genitalia, heat rushing up to the chest, heaviness of the head making it difficult to lift, visual disturbances such as seeing spots before the eyes, and stiffness and cramping of the knees and shins. This condition should be primarily treated with Shao Kun San (Burned Underwear Powder).
"Yin-Yang Exchange" refers to a situation where a man, newly recovered from a major illness but still harboring residual heat, contracts a disease through sexual intercourse with a woman; this is called "Yang Exchange." Conversely, if a woman, newly recovered from a major illness with lingering heat, contracts a disease through sexual intercourse with a man, it is called "Yin Exchange." This occurs due to the mutual influence of Yin and Yang, the communication of essence and qi, allowing the pathogenic heat to transmit accordingly. The heaviness of the body and shortness of breath result from labor injuring the true qi, which is then overcome by heat. The urgency in the lower abdomen, spasms in the genitalia, and stiffness of the knees and shins are caused by deficiency of essence and blood combined with the invasion of heat, leading to obstruction of the meridians. The heat rushing to the chest, head heaviness, and visual disturbances indicate severe steaming of heat that disturbs the clear yang qi ascending upwards.
For recurrence of symptoms due to overexertion after a major illness has healed, Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Immature Bitter Orange, Gardenia, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is the primary treatment. If there is retained food stagnation, add Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), sized like game pieces, five or six tablets.
When a major illness has just healed, blood and qi have not yet recovered, and residual heat remains, forcing physical labor may cause fever to return; this is termed "Labor Recurrence" (Lao Fu). This happens because the residual heat qi floats outward due to exertion. Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange) and Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) are used to purge heat, while Chi Xiao Dou (Fermented Soybean) dissipates heat. This is a formula acting on both exterior and interior, but with light aroma and flavor, suitable for bodies prone to recurrence after illness. If retained food is present, it is termed "Food Recurrence" (Shi Fu). As stated in the *Neijing* (Classic of Internal Medicine): "Recurrence occurs from eating meat, and lingering symptoms occur from overeating." Therefore, a small amount of Da Huang is added to Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang to drive out the retained food.
Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang Formula:
Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange) - 3 pieces, roasted
Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) - 14 pieces, broken open
Chi Xiao Dou (Fermented Soybean) - 1 sheng, wrapped in silk cloth
Take these three ingredients, boil in 7 sheng of Qing Jiang Shui (Clear Acidic Water) until reduced to 4 sheng. Add Zhi Shi and Zhi Zi, boil until reduced to 2 sheng. Then add Chi Xiao Dou, boil for 5-6 more boils. Strain. Take warm, divided into two doses. Cover with blankets to induce slight sweating.
If fever recurs after the resolution of Taiyang syndrome, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary treatment. If the pulse is floating, resolve via sweating (diaphoresis); if the pulse is deep and excess, resolve via purgation.
Fever recurring after Taiyang syndrome resolves, without being caused by overexertion or dietary indiscretion, indicates that residual heat naturally moves from the interior to the exterior. Thus, Xiao Chai Hu Tang is given to resolve the pathogen according to its trend. Furthermore, Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), and Da Zao (Jujube Fruit) tonify post-illness deficiency, while Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) and Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) harmonize the unsettled interior. A floating pulse indicates pathogen affecting the exterior, resolved by sweating to expel it outward. A deep and excess pulse indicates pathogen residing in the interior, resolved by purgation to expel it inward. This is also guiding the pathogen according to its trend.
If edema and water retention occur below the waist after a major illness heals, Mu Li Ze Xie San (Oyster Shell and Alisma Powder) is the primary treatment.
Swelling and fullness below the waist shortly after a major illness often results from excessive water intake during the illness. Although the heat pathogen has resolved, water qi fails to circulate, soaking the lower parts and causing muscle swelling. The method here must be to urgently drain the water pathogen. Mu Li Ze Xie San relies heavily on salty and descending properties. Administer one fang cun bi (square-inch spoonful) of the powder. Decoctions are avoided to use urgent remedies slowly and to prevent adding to the water qi. Sudden use of spleen-tonifying methods might cause spleen qi to stagnate further and increase water accumulation, potentially leading to disastrous flooding.
Mu Li Ze Xie San Formula:
Mu Li (Oyster Shell), roasted
Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome)
Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthes Root)
Ting Li Zi (Descurainia Seed), roasted
Shang Lu Gen (Phytolacca Root)
Shu Qi (Patrinia Herb), washed to remove fishy odor
Hai Zao (Seaweed), washed to remove saltiness
(All ingredients in equal proportions)
Grind the seven ingredients separately into powder, sieve them, and grind again in a mortar. Mix with rice water and take one fang cun bi. Stop administration once urination becomes smooth.
After a major illness heals, if the patient frequently spits saliva and the condition persists for a long time without improvement, it is due to cold in the stomach. It should be treated with pill medicine to warm the interior, specifically Li Zhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill).
After a major illness heals, if yin deficiency of the stomach prevents fluid generation, dry mouth and thirst occur. If yang deficiency of the stomach fails to secure fluids, there is no thirst but frequent spitting. If this persists, deficiency must be tonified and yang warmed. The phrase "cold in the stomach" does not necessarily imply an external pathogenic factor, but rather cold generated internally due to deficiency. Li Zhong Wan is an excellent formula for tonifying deficiency and warming the middle. Pills are preferred over decoctions to avoid using water volume to exacerbate vomiting tendencies.
After the resolution of Taiyang syndrome, if the patient is emaciated and weak, suffers from shortness of breath, and experiences rebellious qi with a desire to vomit, Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is the primary treatment.
Although the major pathogen has resolved, yuan qi has not recovered, and residual pathogens remain. Qi deficiency generates phlegm, and unremoved heat causes upward rebellion. Hence, emaciation, poor appetite, rebellious qi, and nausea occur. Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang is a modification of Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction). Because of shortness of breath, Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) and Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) are added for their sweet nature to benefit qi. Because of rebellious qi and fluid retention, Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) is used for its acrid nature to direct qi downward and eliminate fluids. Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome)'s salty-cold property is removed, and Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf)'s sweet-cool property is added, making it particularly suitable for stomach deficiency with heat.
Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang Formula:
Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf) - 2 handfuls
Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) - 1 jin
Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) - 3 liang
Jing Mi (Rice) - 0.5 sheng
Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), washed - 0.5 sheng
Gan Cao (Licorice Root), roasted - 2 liang
Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), heart removed - 1 sheng
Boil the seven ingredients in 10 dou of water until reduced to 6 sheng. Strain. Add Jing Mi (Rice), cook until rice is done and liquid is ready. Remove rice. Take 1 sheng warm, three times daily.
If a patient's pulse has normalized but they experience mild vexation in the late afternoon, it is because the illness has just healed, people force-feed them, and the spleen and stomach qi are still weak, unable to digest the food, thus causing mild vexation. Reducing food intake will lead to recovery.
"Pulse normalized" means the pathogen has resolved and the pulse has harmonized. Mild vexation implies mild heat. Since it has resolved, vexation should not recur. Vexation in the late afternoon occurs because, upon recent healing, food was forced upon the patient despite the stomach being weak and unable to handle the load, triggering vexation and heat. "Reducing food intake leads to recovery" means medication is unnecessary; simply reducing grain and food intake allows the stomach qi to harmonize itself.