The patient suffers from pain throughout the entire body, fever, and exacerbation in the late afternoon (Ribu). This condition is named Wind-Dampness (Fengshi). This disease is caused by exposure to wind while sweating, or by long-term indulgence in cold.

Pain throughout the body accompanied by fever indicates Dampness (Shi). Exacerbation in the late afternoon indicates Wind (Feng). Since Dampness lacks a specific pattern of onset and remission, whereas Wind has periods of activity and rest, the pain and fever tend to worsen in the late afternoon. Cheng Wuji stated: If contracted through exposure to wind while sweating, Dampness enters first and Wind follows; if caused by long-term exposure to cold, Wind enters first and Dampness subsequently lodges. The combination of Wind and Dampness is thus termed Wind-Dampness.

Question: When Wind and Dampness contend with each other, causing severe pain throughout the body, the standard treatment is to induce sweating for resolution. However, if it is continuously rainy and cloudy, and the physician prescribes inducing sweating, yet the illness does not resolve after sweating, why is this? Answer: If sweating is induced excessively, only the Wind pathogen is expelled, while the Dampness remains within. Therefore, the illness does not resolve. In treating Wind-Dampness, inducing sweat should result only in a slight, continuous perspiration, allowing both Wind and Dampness to be expelled together. Although Wind and Dampness are both among the Six Evils (Liuyin), Wind is formless while Dampness is tangible; Wind moves swiftly while Dampness lingers. During times of excessive rain and prevailing Dampness, there is naturally a tendency where Wind is easily dispelled but Dampness is difficult to drive out. If one induces sweating too rapidly and aggressively, the Wind may leave without taking the Dampness along. Thus, to eliminate Dampness, one must allow Yang Qi to steam internally without sudden leakage, filling and circulating freely between muscles and joints, leaving no room for the Dampness pathogen. This is the principle behind "inducing only slight perspiration."

The above seven clauses are excerpted from Wang Shuhe's *Jing Shi Han Zhuo Bing Lun* (Treatise on Spasm, Dampness, and Heatstroke) and are not original text from the Taiyang chapter of the *Shanghan Lun*.

After eight or nine days of Cold Damage (Shanghan), Wind and Dampness contend, causing bodily pain and vexation, inability to turn oneself over, absence of vomiting or thirst, and a floating, deficient, and choppy pulse. Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) is the primary formula. If the patient has hard stool and spontaneous urination, remove Cinnamon Twig and add Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) as the primary formula.

Having suffered from Cold Damage for eight or nine days, with persistent bodily pain progressing to an inability to turn over, it is known that this is not solely due to Cold Evil, but rather a disease formed by the combination of Wind and Dampness. Absence of vomiting and thirst indicates no heat in the interior. A floating, deficient, and choppy pulse indicates that Wind-Dampness is binding the exterior while Defensive Yang (Weiyang) is not vigorous. Therefore, in Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), remove the sour-cold Paeonia Root (Shaoyao) and add the pungent-warm Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi) to invigorate Yang Qi and combat Yin pathogens. If stool is hard and urination is free, it indicates that although Exterior Yang is weak, the Qi within the interior can regulate itself. The Dampness in the skin should then be directed inward to exit via the urinary pathway, rather than being forced out through the exterior, which would endanger the already weakened Yang. Thus, in the previous formula, remove the pungent-dispersing Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) and add the bitter-drying Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu), combined with the powerful moving action of Aconite Root (Fuzi), to act jointly on the skin and expel water qi. This is the method of avoiding deficiency and targeting strength.

**Guizhi Fuzi Tang Formula**
Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 4 liang, peeled)
Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang, 2 liang, sliced)
Jujube (Dazao, 12 pieces, broken open)
Prepared Licorice Root (Gancao, 2 liang, honey-fried)
Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi, 3 pieces, processed, peeled, broken into 8 slices)

Take these five herbs, add six sheng of water, boil to obtain two sheng, remove the dregs, and divide into three warm doses.

When Wind and Dampness contend, causing severe joint pain with pulling sensations, inability to flex or extend, intensified pain upon touch, sweating, shortness of breath, difficulty in urination, aversion to wind with reluctance to remove clothing, or slight edema of the body, Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice and Aconite Decoction) is the primary formula.

This is also a syndrome of prevailing Dampness and weak Yang. Its treatment does not depart from assisting Yang and driving out Dampness, following the method described in the previous clause. Wind-Dampness residing in the exterior should normally be resolved through sweating. However, if sweating has already occurred leading to exterior deficiency, heavy induction of sweat is inappropriate. Aversion to wind and reluctance to remove clothing are signs of deficient Wei Qi and weak Yang. Therefore, Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) and Aconite Root (Fuzi) are used to assist Yang Qi, while Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) and Licorice Root (Gancao) are used to fortify Earth Qi. The statement that "slight sweating leads to resolution" does not refer to proper diaphoresis, but rather that when Yang prevails, Yin pathogens resolve spontaneously.

**Gancao Fuzi Tang Formula**
Prepared Licorice Root (Gancao, 2 liang, honey-fried)
Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi, 2 pieces, processed, peeled, broken)
Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu, 2 liang)
Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 4 liang, peeled)

Take these four herbs, add six sheng of water, boil to obtain three sheng, remove the dregs, and take one sheng warm, three times daily. Resolution occurs with slight sweating after the initial dose. If the patient can eat but becomes vexated again after sweating, take five he (approx. 100 ml). For more severe cases, taking six or seven he is optimal.