小儿忽染时疫，有兼发瘟 或瘟痧或瘟疹。出未透而表热轻者，古法主升麻葛根汤合消毒犀角饮（如升麻、
葛根、生白芍、生甘草、牛蒡子、荆芥、防风、犀角，引用芫荽）；出未透而表热重者，主三黄石膏汤（如黄芩、
黄连、栀子、黄柏、豆豉、麻黄、石膏，引用生葱）；已透者，主消毒青黛饮（如石膏、知母、犀角、生甘草、生
栀子、生川连、青黛、玄参、柴胡、生地、人参、大黄等味）；若 疹初起，表里不清，仍主双解通圣汤（方见前）。
〔真按〕时气传染，不是风寒客邪，亦非停滞里证。发于卫
分则为痧，卫主气，故色白。发于荣分则为 疹，荣主血，故色红。若其色淡红稀暗者，皆因邪在三焦。已成
疹，由外入里，邪从阴化，或过服凉药所致，是为阴痧、阴 、阴疹，又当从阴寒主治。兹分别证状，列方于下。
小儿外见暴寒，内有伏热，邪郁则气血雍遏，瘀疹不肯外达，痰阻喘逆，急宜开闭消毒，方用连翘心钱半，
飞滑石三钱，石菖蒲五分，炒金银花钱半，射干一钱，通草六分，煎化牛黄一粒。
小儿舌边赤，昏谵，早轻夜重， 疹隐现，是毒邪已入血络，但宜轻剂透 ，参入芳香以开内窍，方用乌犀
角五分，玄参心二钱，连翅心二钱，拿银花钱半，石菖蒲三分。煎好，和入金汁半两，研入牛黄丸半粒。
小儿伏气，热蕴三焦，遍体赤 ，壮热烦躁不寐，方用羚羊角二分，犀角尖二分，连翘心二钱，玄参心二钱，
鲜生地三钱，金银花钱半，天花粉一钱，石菖蒲三分为剂。
小儿瘟毒痧疹，口糜喉哑，治在上焦，方用乌犀角三分，鲜生地二钱，细玄参钱半，连翘壳一钱，石菖蒲二
分，金银花钱半，临服冲入金汁半两，汤方至宝丹半粒。
小儿 疹之后，伏火未清，内热身痛，方用炒玉竹三钱，白沙参三钱，地骨皮钱半，川石斛钱半，原麦冬一
钱，生甘草梢五分为引。
小儿 疹之后，内热不止，阴伤少食，方用生白芍二钱，炙甘草一钱，生扁豆钱半，炒麦芽钱半，连心麦冬
二钱，川石斛二钱，青蒿脑八分，五谷虫六分，鳖甲粉一钱为剂。
小儿突然感染时行疫病，有的兼发瘟病，或者发为瘟痧、瘟疹。如果疹子发出但不透彻，且表热较轻的，古法主张用升麻葛根汤合消毒犀角饮（药物组成如：升麻、葛根、生白芍、生甘草、牛蒡子、荆芥、防风、犀角，煎药时加入芫荽作为引经药）；如果疹子发出但不透彻，且表热较重的，主张用三黄石膏汤（药物组成如：黄芩、黄连、栀子、黄柏、豆豉、麻黄、石膏，煎药时加入生葱作为引经药）；如果疹子已经透发的，主张用消毒青黛饮（药物组成如：石膏、知母、犀角、生甘草、生栀子、生川连、青黛、玄参、柴胡、生地、人参、大黄等药味）；如果疹子刚起病，表里证候不清的，仍然主张用双解通圣汤（该方剂见前文）。
〔陈守真按语〕时气传染之病，不是风寒外邪侵袭，也不是体内停滞形成的里实证。邪气发于卫分则表现为痧，因为卫主司气，所以颜色发白。邪气发于营分则表现为疹，因为营主司血，所以颜色发红。如果疹色淡红且稀疏晦暗的，都是因为邪气在三焦。如果疹子已经形成，由体表传入体内，邪气从阴化寒，或者是由于过服寒凉药物所致，这属于阴痧、阴斑、阴疹，治疗时应当从阴寒证来主治。现将各种症状分别列出，并附上相应方剂如下。
小儿外表感受暴寒，体内有伏热，邪气郁结导致气血壅遏，瘀滞的疹毒不肯向外透达，痰浊阻滞引起气喘逆乱，急需开闭通窍、解毒消毒，方剂用连翘心半钱，飞滑石三钱，石菖蒲五分，炒金银花半钱，射干一钱，通草六分，煎煮后化入牛黄一粒。
小儿舌边赤红，神志昏沉谵语，早晨轻晚上重，疹子隐现不定，这是毒邪已经进入血络，只宜用轻剂透发疹毒，并参入芳香药物以开通内窍，方剂用乌犀角五分，玄参心二钱，连翘心二钱，金银花半钱，石菖蒲三分。煎好药汁后，兑入金汁半两，研入牛黄丸半粒。
小儿伏气温病，热邪蕴结在三焦，全身皮肤发红，高热烦躁不能入睡，方剂用羚羊角二分，犀角尖二分，连翘心二钱，玄参心二钱，鲜生地三钱，金银花半钱，天花粉一钱，石菖蒲三分作为药量。
小儿瘟毒引起的痧疹，出现口舌糜烂、咽喉嘶哑，病位在上焦，方剂用乌犀角三分，鲜生地二钱，细玄参半钱，连翘壳一钱，石菖蒲二分，金银花半钱，临服用时冲入金汁半两，至宝丹半粒。
小儿出疹之后，伏火未清，体内发热、身体疼痛，方剂用炒玉竹三钱，白沙参三钱，地骨皮半钱，川石斛半钱，原麦冬一钱，生甘草梢五分作为引经药。
小儿出疹之后，内热不止，阴液受伤、食欲不振，方剂用生白芍二钱，炙甘草一钱，生扁豆半钱，炒麦芽半钱，连心麦冬二钱，川石斛二钱，青蒿脑八分，五谷虫六分，鳖甲粉一钱作为药量。
Pediatric children suddenly contract seasonal epidemics, which may be accompanied by epidemic diseases, or manifest as epidemic sha (petechiae) or epidemic zhen (rash). If the rash is not fully erupted and the exterior heat is mild, the ancient method advocates using Shengma Gegen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Kudzu Root Decoction) combined with Xiaodu Xijiao Yin (Antidote Calves' Horn Drink) (ingredients such as: Rhizoma Cimicifugae, Radix Puerariae, Raw Radix Paeoniae Alba, Raw Radix Glycyrrhizae, Fructus Armeniacae Vulgaris, Herba Schizonepetae, Herba Saposhnikoviae, Cornu Bubali, with Herba Abrotani used as a guiding herb); if the rash is not fully erupted and the exterior heat is severe, Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction) is advocated (ingredients such as: Radix Scutellariae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Fructus Gardeniae, Cortex Phellodendri, Semen Sojae Preparatum, Herba Ephedrae, Gypsum Fibrosum, with Allium fistulosum fresh rhizome used as a guiding herb); if the rash has already erupted, Xiaodu Qingdai Yin (Antidote Indigo Naturalis Drink) is advocated (ingredients such as: Gypsum Fibrosum, Radix Anemarrhenae, Cornu Bubali, Raw Radix Glycyrrhizae, Raw Fructus Gardeniae, Raw Rhizoma Coptidis, Natrii Sulfas, Radix Scrophulariae, Radix Bupleuri, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Ginseng, Radix Rhei, etc.); if the rash is in its initial stage and the exterior and interior patterns are unclear, Shuangjie Tongsheng Tang (Double-Resolving and Unblocking Supreme Health Decoction) is still advocated (formula see previous text).
[Chen Shouzhen's Note] Seasonal epidemic transmission is not caused by wind-cold pathogenic factors, nor is it an interior excess pattern due to stagnation. When pathogens emerge in the Wei (Defensive) level, it manifests as sha; since Wei governs Qi, the color is white. When pathogens emerge in the Ying (Nutritive) level, it manifests as zhen; since Ying governs Blood, the color is red. If the rash color is pale red, sparse, and dull, it is because the pathogen is in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). Once the rash is formed, moving from exterior to interior, the pathogen transforms into Yin cold, or this results from excessive intake of cooling medicines; this belongs to Yin sha, Yin ban (ecchymosis), and Yin zhen, and treatment should follow the principles for treating Yin-cold patterns. The following lists the respective symptoms and formulas.
When pediatric children present with sudden external cold exposure while having latent heat internally, pathogenic stagnation causes Qi and Blood obstruction, preventing stasis-induced rashes from reaching the exterior. Phlegm obstruction leads to wheezing and counterflow qi; urgent opening of closure and detoxification is required. The formula uses Lianqiao Xin (Forsythia Heart) 0.5 qian, Fei Huashi (Calcined Talcum) 3 qian, Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) 0.5 fen, Chao Jinyinhua (Stir-fried Flos Lonicerae Japonicae) 0.5 qian, Shegan (Radix Belamcandae) 1 qian, Tongcao (Pith Tetrastigmatism) 0.6 fen, decocted and mixed with one pill of Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis).
When pediatric children have red tongue edges, mental confusion and delirium, symptoms lighter in the morning and heavier at night, and intermittent rash appearance, this indicates toxic pathogens have entered the blood collaterals. Only light agents for venting the rash should be used, combined with aromatic herbs to open the internal orifices. The formula uses Wu Xijiao (Black Water Buffalo Horn) 0.5 fen, Xuanshen Xin (Scrophularia Heart) 2 qian, Lianqiao Xin (Forsythia Heart) 2 qian, Jin Yin Hua (Flos Lonicerae Japonicae) 0.5 qian, Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) 0.3 fen. After decoction, mix with Jinzhi (Human Excrement Juice) 0.5 liang, and grind in half a pill of Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill).
For pediatric children with latent Qi disease, heat accumulating in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), causing generalized erythema, high fever, irritability, and insomnia, the formula uses Lingyangjiao (Cornu Saigae Tataricae) 0.2 fen, Xijiao Jian (Tip of Cornu Bubali) 0.2 fen, Lianqiao Xin (Forsythia Heart) 2 qian, Xuanshen Xin (Scrophularia Heart) 2 qian, Xian Shengdi (Fresh Radix Rehmanniae) 3 qian, Jinyinhua (Flos Lonicerae Japonicae) 0.5 qian, Tianhuafen (Radix Trichosanthis) 1 qian, Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) 0.3 fen as the dosage.
For pediatric children with epidemic toxic sha-zhen presenting with oral ulcers and hoarseness, the pathology is in the Upper Jiao. The formula uses Wu Xijiao (Black Water Buffalo Horn) 0.3 fen, Xian Shengdi (Fresh Radix Rehmanniae) 2 qian, Xi Xuanshen (Fine Radix Scrophulariae) 0.5 qian, Lianqiao Qiao (Forsythia Husk) 1 qian, Shichangpu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) 0.2 fen, Jinyinhua (Flos Lonicerae Japonicae) 0.5 qian. Before administration, mix with Jinzhi (Human Excrement Juice) 0.5 liang and Zhibao Dan (Treasure of Life Pill) half a pill.
After pediatric children have had rashes, if latent fire remains unclarified, causing internal heat and body pain, the formula uses Chao Yuzhu (Stir-fried Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati) 3 qian, Baisha Shen (Bashashen / Radix Glehniae) 3 qian, Digupi (Cortex Lycii) 0.5 qian, Chuan Shihu (Rhizoma Dendrobii) 0.5 qian, Yuan Maidong (Original Ophiopogonis Japonicus) 1 qian, Sheng Gancao Shao (Raw Radix Glycyrrhizae Tip) 0.5 fen as a guiding agent.
After pediatric children have had rashes, if internal heat persists, Yin injury occurs leading to poor appetite, the formula uses Sheng Baishao (Raw Radix Paeoniae Alba) 2 qian, Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Radix Glycyrrhizae) 1 qian, Sheng Bian Dou (Raw Fabae Volgaris) 0.5 qian, Chao Maiya (Stir-fried Fructus Hordei Germinatus) 0.5 qian, Lianxin Maidong (Ophiopogonis Japonicus with Heart) 2 qian, Chuan Shihu (Rhizoma Dendrobii) 2 qian, Qinghao Nao (Artemisiae Annuae Brain/Tip) 0.8 fen, Wugu Chong (Larva Bombyx Batryticatus) 0.6 fen, Biejia Fen (Powder of Carapax Testudinis) 1 qian as the dosage.