麻疹见形，以细密红润者为佳，若有不透彻者，因风寒闭塞，必有身热无汗，头疼呕恶，疹色淡红而黯之症，
古法主升麻葛根汤（如升麻、葛根、白芍、甘草），加苏叶、川芎、牛蒡子。
因毒热壅滞者，必面赤心热，谵语烦渴，疹色赤紫滞黯，古法主三黄石膏汤（如麻黄石膏、淡豆豉、黄柏、
黄连、栀子、黄芩等味）。
又有正气虚弱，不能送毒外出者，必面色 白，身微热，精神倦怠，疹色白而不红，古法主人参败毒散（如
人参、川芎、羌活、独活、前胡、枳壳、桔梗、柴胡、生甘草、赤苓，引用生姜）。
〔真按〕疹证初现，未全透彻，方用粉葛根八分，软前胡八分，荆芥穗八分，连翘壳钱半，净蝉蜕七个，
细木通六分，蜜蒸桑白皮五分，川贝母钱半，引用灯芯十茎。
附加减法∶
潮热太甚者，加生地黄二钱，地骨皮一钱，生条芩八分；口渴者，加原麦冬一钱，天花粉八分；无咳，加留
白陈皮八分；无汗，加葱白三寸；气喘者，加甜葶苈三分，栝蒌霜钱半；喘甚者，加莱菔子八分，白芥子五分，
紫苏子五分；呕吐者，加柿蒂一个，新竹茹钱半；鼻衄，加鲜茅根三钱；衄甚者，加生黄芩钱半，生黄连五分；
大便坚者，加生枳实一钱，火麻仁钱半；大便闭者，加丑牛八分，大便闭用丑牛仍不通者，加生锦纹五分，生
黄芩五分，生黄连三分；大便溏者，加赤茯苓一钱，宣泽泻八分；小便闭塞不通者，加车前子八分，枳壳八分。
麻疹出疹阶段，以皮疹细密、色泽红润者为佳。若出现透发不彻底的情况，多因风寒之邪闭塞肌表所致，必然伴有身体发热但无汗、头痛、恶心呕吐等症状，且皮疹颜色淡红而晦暗。古法主张使用升麻葛根汤（主要成分包括升麻、葛根、白芍、甘草），并加入紫苏叶、川芎、牛蒡子。
若因热毒壅滞体内，必然表现为面色潮红、心中烦热、胡言乱语、烦躁口渴，且皮疹颜色赤紫、色泽晦暗不畅。古法主张使用三黄石膏汤（主要成分包括麻黄、石膏、淡豆豉、黄柏、黄连、栀子、黄芩等）。
又有因正气虚弱，无力将毒邪排出体外者，必然表现为面色㿠白、身体微热、精神倦怠、皮疹色白而不红。古法主张使用人参败毒散（主要成分包括人参、川芎、羌活、独活、前胡、枳壳、桔梗、柴胡、生甘草、赤茯苓，煎服时加生姜为引）。
〔真按〕针对疹证初现、尚未完全透发的情况，处方如下：粉葛根八分，软前胡八分，荆芥穗八分，连翘壳一钱半，净蝉蜕七个，细木通六分，蜜蒸桑白皮五分，川贝母一钱半，煎服时加灯芯草十茎作为药引。
附加加减法：
若潮热症状过于严重，加生地黄二钱，地骨皮一钱，生条芩八分；
若口渴，加原麦冬一钱，天花粉八分；
若无咳嗽，加留白陈皮八分；
若无汗，加葱白三寸；
若气喘，加甜葶苈三分，栝蒌霜一钱半；
若喘促严重，加莱菔子八分，白芥子五分，紫苏子五分；
若呕吐，加柿蒂一个，新竹茹一钱半；
若鼻出血，加鲜茅根三钱；
若鼻出血严重，加生黄芩一钱半，生黄连五分；
若大便干结，加生枳实一钱，火麻仁一钱半；
若大便闭结不通，加牵牛子八分；若用牵牛子后仍不通，加生锦纹（大黄）五分，生黄芩五分，生黄连三分；
若大便溏泄，加赤茯苓一钱，宣泽泻八分；
若小便闭塞不通，加车前子八分，枳壳八分。
When the measles rash appears, it is auspicious if the lesions are fine, dense, and ruddy. If the eruption is not thorough, it is due to obstruction by wind-cold pathogenic factors, inevitably accompanied by symptoms such as fever without sweating, headache, nausea, and vomiting, with the rash appearing pale red and dull. The ancient method prescribes Shengma Gegen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Kudzu Root Decoction, containing Cimicifugae Rhizoma, Puerariae Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), supplemented with Perillae Folium, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and Arctii Fructus.
If caused by stagnation of toxic heat, symptoms inevitably include a flushed face, heat in the heart, delirious speech, irritability, and thirst, with the rash appearing dark purple and stagnant. The ancient method prescribes Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction, containing Ephedrae Herba, Gypsum Fibrosum, Sojae Seminis Preparatum, Phellodendri Cortex, Coptidis Rhizoma, Gardeniae Fructus, Scutellariae Radix, etc.).
In cases where righteous qi is deficient and unable to expel toxins outward, symptoms inevitably include a sallow white complexion, slight fever, mental fatigue, and a rash that is white rather than red. The ancient method prescribes Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Detoxification Powder, containing Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, Peucedani Radix, Aurantii Fructus, Platycodonis Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Poria cum Ligno, with Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens used as an adjuvant).
[Commentary]: For measles initially appearing but not yet thoroughly erupted, the formula consists of: Fen Gegen (Puerariae Radix) 8 fen, Ruan Qianhu (Peucedani Radix) 8 fen, Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica) 8 fen, Lianqiao Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus) 1.5 qian, Jing Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum) 7 pieces, Xi Mutong (Akebiae Caulis) 6 fen, Mi Zheng Sangbaipi (Morus Alba Bark steamed with honey) 5 fen, Chuan Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus) 1.5 qian, using Dengxincao (Junci Medulla) 10 stems as an adjuvant.
Additional modifications:
For severe tidal fever, add Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) 2 qian, Digupi (Buxini Cortex) 1 qian, Sheng Tiaoqin (Scutellariae Radix) 8 fen;
For thirst, add Yuan Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) 1 qian, Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix) 8 fen;
For absence of cough, add Liubai Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium kept on the peel) 8 fen;
For absence of sweating, add Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) 3 cun;
For asthma/wheezing, add Tingli (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen) 3 fen, Gualou Shuang (Benincasae Exocarpium Pulverized) 1.5 qian;
For severe wheezing, add Laifuzi (Raphani Semen) 8 fen, Baijiezi (Sinapis Semen) 5 fen, Zisuzi (Perillae Fructus) 5 fen;
For vomiting, add Shidi (Diospyri Calyx) 1 piece, Xin Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Media Res) 1.5 qian;
For epistaxis, add Xian Maogen (Imperatae Rhizoma) 3 qian;
For severe epistaxis, add Sheng Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) 1.5 qian, Sheng Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 5 fen;
For hard stool, add Sheng Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) 1 qian, Huomaren (Cannabis Semen) 1.5 qian;
For constipation, add Chouniu (Pharbitidis Semen); if constipation persists after using Chouniu, add Sheng Jinwen (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 5 fen, Sheng Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) 5 fen, Sheng Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 3 fen;
For loose stools, add Chi Fuling (Poria cum Ligno) 1 qian, Xuan Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) 8 fen;
For urinary retention, add Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) 8 fen, Zhike (Aurantii Fructus) 8 fen.