白矾，味酸气寒而无毒，其性燥急救涩，解毒除热堕浊，治一切湿热所生之病，
及为收涩之用也。绿矾惟主疮；黑矾止染皓发。
白矾，去息肉鼻窍中，除痼热骨髓内，劫喉痹，止目痛，禁泻痢，塞齿痛，洗脱肛
阴挺，理疥癣湿淫。稀涎散，同皂荚研服吐风痰；通窍神方，蜡矾丸，和蜜蜡丸，吞平
痈肿，护膜要剂。久服损心肺伤骨。
按∶白矾之用有四∶吐风热痰涎，取其酸苦涌泄也。诸血脱肛阴挺疮疡，取其酸涩
而收也。治风痰泄痢崩带，取其收而燥湿也。喉痹痈疽，蛇伤虫毒，取其解毒也。然
以酸涩为事成功。非与气血有情却病，即《悟真篇》云∶“非类难为巧是也。”暂资症
治，多服损心肺伤骨。
绿矾，一名皂矾，又名青矾， 赤醋淬为矾红。气味所禀，与白矾同。其酸涌涩
收，燥湿解毒，化涎之功，亦与白矾相似，而力差缓。《本经》主喉痹者，酸涌化涎之
功也。HT 牙口疮，恶疮疥癣者，燥湿除热解毒之功也。肠风泻血者，消散湿热之后，复
有收涩之功也。然而，诸治之外，又善消积滞，凡腹中坚肉积诸药不能化者，以矾红同
健脾消食药为丸投之辄消，胃弱人不宜多用。服此者终身忌食荞麦，犯之立毙。
石蟹，点目中生翳肿痛，解腹内中毒蛊胀，平痈扫疹，催生落胎。石蛇，解金石毒
良。石燕，水煮汁服，治淋有功。若妇人产难，两手各握一枚，立验。病者消渴，同水
牛鼻煮饮即愈。石蚕，破石淋血结，主金疮生肌。
白矾，味道酸、性质寒，没有毒性。它的药性干燥且具有急救收敛的作用，能解毒、清除热邪、降浊，治疗一切由湿热引起的疾病，以及作为收敛固涩的药物使用。绿矾主要用来治疗疮疡；黑矾用于染发使头发变黑。
将白矾放入鼻窍中可以去除息肉，深入骨髓清除顽固的热邪，缓解喉痹（咽喉肿痛闭塞），停止眼痛，止住腹泻和痢疾，缓解牙齿疼痛，清洗脱肛和阴挺（子宫脱垂或阴道壁膨出），治疗疥癣和湿气过盛引起的皮肤病。稀涎散，与皂荚一起研磨后服用，可以催吐风痰；通窍神方中的蜡矾丸，用蜂蜜和蜂蜡制成丸剂，吞服可平息痈肿，是保护黏膜的重要药剂。长期服用会损伤心肺和骨骼。
按语：白矾的应用有四个方面：催吐风热痰涎，是利用其酸苦之性促使呕吐排泄；各种出血、脱肛、阴挺、疮疡，是利用其酸涩之性来收敛；治疗风痰、泄泻、痢疾、崩漏、带下，是利用其收敛且燥湿的功效；喉痹、痈疽、蛇咬伤、虫毒，是利用其解毒的功效。然而，它主要是依靠酸涩的性质来取得疗效，并非像气血那样具有滋养作用却能治病，正如《悟真篇》所说：“不同类的东西难以达到巧妙的境界。”暂时借它来治疗病症，但多服会损伤心肺和骨骼。
绿矾，又名皂矾，又名为青矾，用赤醋淬炼后变成矾红。它的气味禀赋与白矾相同。其酸涌、涩收、燥湿、解毒、化涎的功效，也与白矾相似，但力量较为缓和。《神农本草经》记载其主治喉痹，是因为其酸涌化涎的功效；治疗牙口疮、恶疮、疥癣，是因为其燥湿、除热、解毒的功效；治疗肠风便血，是因为在消散湿热之后，又有收敛固涩的功效。然而，除了上述治疗作用外，它还善于消除积滞，凡是腹中坚硬的肉积，其他药物无法化解的，用矾红配合健脾消食药制成丸剂服用，通常都能消除，但胃弱的人不宜多用。服用此药的人终身忌食荞麦，触犯后会立即死亡。
石蟹，点入眼中治疗生翳（角膜云翳）肿痛，解除腹内中毒引起的蛊胀，平息痈肿和疹子，催生和堕胎。石蛇，解除金石毒效果良好。石燕，用水煮汁服用，治疗淋证（小便不利）有效。如果是妇女难产，双手各握一枚石燕，立刻见效。病人患有消渴病，同水牛角一起煮水饮用即可痊愈。石蚕，破除石淋和血结，主治金创（金属利器造成的伤口）并促进肌肉生长。
Bai Fan (Alumen, Alum), with a sour taste and cold nature, is non-toxic. Its properties are drying and possess emergency astringent effects; it detoxifies, clears heat, descends turbidity, treats all diseases generated by damp-heat, and serves as an astringent agent. Lv Fan (Green Vitriol) mainly treats sores; Hei Fan (Black Vitriol) is used to dye hair black.
Placing Bai Fan in the nasal cavity removes polyps, eliminates stubborn heat within the bone marrow, relieves Hou Bi (sore throat with obstruction), stops eye pain, arrests diarrhea and dysentery, alleviates toothache, washes prolapse of the rectum and Yin Ting (prolapse of the uterus or vaginal wall), and manages Jie Xuan (scabies and tinea) and excessive dampness skin conditions. Xi Xian San (Thin Saliva Powder), when ground together with Zao Jia (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit) and taken, induces vomiting to expel wind-phlegm; Tong Qiao Shen Fang's La Fan Wan (Beeswax Alum Pill), made into pills with honey and beeswax, swallowed to calm abscesses, is an important agent for protecting membranes. Long-term consumption damages the Heart and Lungs and injures the bones.
Commentary: The applications of Bai Fan have four aspects: inducing vomiting of wind-heat phlegm and saliva, utilizing its sour and bitter properties to promote purging and excretion; treating various bleeding, rectal prolapse, Yin Ting, and sores, utilizing its sour and astringent properties to consolidate; treating wind-phlegm, diarrhea, dysentery, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea, utilizing its consolidating and damp-drying efficacy; managing Hou Bi, carbuncles, snake bites, and insect toxins, utilizing its detoxifying efficacy. However, it primarily achieves success through sour and astringent actions, not like Qi and Blood which nourish yet cure disease, as stated in *Wu Zhen Pian*: "Things of different categories are difficult to make skillful." It temporarily aids symptom treatment, but excessive intake damages the Heart and Lungs and injures the bones.
Lv Fan, also known as Zao Fan, and again as Qing Fan, becomes Fan Hong (Red Alum residue) after being quenched in red vinegar. Its flavor and aroma endowment are the same as Bai Fan. Its functions of sour purging, astringent consolidation, damp-drying, detoxification, and phlegm-resolving are similar to Bai Fan, though its strength is milder. *Ben Jing* records it as treating Hou Bi due to its sour purging and phlegm-resolving power; treating dental ulcers, malignant sores, scabies, and tinea due to its damp-drying, heat-clearing, and detoxifying power; treating Chang Feng blood in stool due to its subsequent astringent power after dissipating damp-heat. However, beyond these treatments, it excels at eliminating stagnation. For any hard flesh accumulations in the abdomen that other medicines cannot resolve, administering pills made of Fan Hong combined with Spleen-strengthening and stagnation-resolving medicines usually resolves them; however, people with weak Stomach function should not use it excessively. Those taking this medicine must avoid eating Buckwheat for life; violating this results in immediate death.
Shi Xie (Stone Crab) applied to the eyes treats cloudiness and swelling/pain, resolves internal poisoning causing Gu Zhang (abdominal distension due to parasites/toxins), calms abscesses and rashes, promotes labor, and induces abortion. Shi She (Stone Snake) effectively resolves Jin Shi Du (metal and stone toxicity). Shi Yan (Stone Swallow), when boiled in water and the juice drunk, is effective for treating Lin Zheng (dysuria). If a woman experiences difficult labor, holding one in each hand yields immediate results. For patients suffering from Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome), boiling it with Shui Niu Bi (Water Buffalo Horn) and drinking the decoction leads to recovery. Shi Can (Stone Silkworm) breaks Shi Lin (stone dysuria) and blood stasis, primarily treating Jin Chuang (metal weapon wounds) and promoting tissue regeneration.