肺起中府止少商，大肠商阳止迎香，胃起承泣终厉兑，脾起隐白大包乡，心起极泉
少冲止，小肠少泽止听宫，膀胱睛明止至阴，肾起涌泉俞府终，包络天池中冲止，三焦关
冲止竹空，胆瞳子 止窍阴，肝起大敦止期门。
中府为初注少商，少商别络注商阳，商阳复向迎香走，香接头维至库房，维下降兮
趋厉兑，兑传隐白至胸乡，隐白上升达大包，大包仍续极泉场，泉贯少冲心部井，少泽相
连即小肠，泽会听宫睛明分，睛明下造至阴强，至阴斜出涌泉底，泉穴还归 府脏，
府天池横络截，池出中冲心主张，中冲并与关冲合，关冲宛转丝竹傍，丝竹更贯瞳 穴，
瞳下入窍阴方，窍阴横亘大敦井，敦上期门肝脉当，期门历遍还中府，经络周流仔细详。
多气多血惟阳明，少气太阳厥阴同，二少太阴常少血，六经气血要分明。
【注】手阳明大肠、足阳明胃，此二经多气多血之经也；三焦、胆、肾、心、脾、
肺，此六经多气少血也；心包络、膀胱、小肠、肝，此四经乃多血少气也。
头 【注】头者，人之首也。凡物独出之首，皆名曰头。
脑 【注】脑者，头骨之髓也，俗名脑子。
颠 【注】颠者，头顶也。颠顶之骨，俗名天灵盖。
囱 【注】囟者，颠前之头骨也。小儿初生未阖名曰囟门，已阖名曰囟骨，即天灵盖后合之骨。
面 【注】凡前曰面，凡后曰背。居头之前，故曰面也。
颜 【注】颜者，眉目间名也。
额颅 【注】额前发际之下，两眉之上，名曰额。一曰颡者，亦额之谓也。
头角 【注】额两旁棱处之骨也。
鬓骨 【注】即两太阳之骨也。
目 【注】目者，司视之窍也。
目胞 【注】目胞者，一名目窠，一名目裹，即上下两目外卫之胞也。
目纲 【注】目纲者，即上、下目胞之两睑边，又名曰睫，司目之开阖也。
目内 【注】目内 者，乃近鼻之内眼角。以其大而圆，故又名大 也。
目外 【注】目外 者，乃近鬓前之眼角也。以其小而尖，故称目锐 也。
目珠 【注】目珠者，目睛之俗名也。
目系 【注】目系者，目睛入脑之系也。
目眶骨 【注】目眶者，目窠四围之骨也。上曰眉棱骨，下即 骨， 骨之外即颧骨。
【注】目下之眶骨，颧骨内下连上牙床者也。
【注】 者，鼻梁即山根也。
鼻 【注】鼻者，司臭之窍也。两孔之界骨，名曰鼻柱；下至鼻之尽处，名曰准头。
【注】 ， 内鼻旁间，近生门牙之骨也。
颧 【注】颧者，面两旁之高起大骨也。
【注】 者，俗呼为腮，口旁颊前肉之空软处也。
耳 【注】耳者，司听之窍也。
蔽 【注】蔽者，耳门也。
耳郭 【注】耳郭者，耳叶也。
颊 【注】颊，耳前颧侧面两旁之称也。
曲颊 【注】曲颊者，颊之骨也。曲如环形，受颊车骨尾之钩者也。
颊车 【注】颊车者，下牙床骨也。总载诸齿，能咀食物，故名颊车。
人中 【注】人中者，鼻柱之下，唇之上，穴名水沟。
口 【注】口者，司言食之窍也。
唇 【注】唇者，口端也。
吻 【注】吻者，口之四周也。
颐 【注】颐者，口角后 之下也。
颏 【注】颏者，口之下唇至末之处，俗名下把壳也。
颔 【注】颔者，颏下结喉上，两侧肉之空软处也。
齿 【注】齿者，口 所生之骨也，俗名曰牙。有门牙、虎牙、槽牙、上下尽根牙之别。
舌 【注】舌者，司味之窍也。
舌本 【注】舌本者，舌之根也。
颃颡 【注】颃颡者，口内之上二孔，司分气之窍也。
悬雍垂 【注】悬雍垂者，张口视喉上，似乳头之小舌，俗名碓嘴。
会厌 【注】会厌者，覆喉管之上窍，似皮似膜，发声则开，咽食则闭，故为声音之户也。
咽 【注】咽者，饮食之路也，居喉之后。
喉 【注】喉者，通声息之路也，居咽之前。
喉咙 【注】喉咙者，喉也，肺之系也。
嗌 【注】嗌者，咽也，胃之系也。
结喉 【注】结喉者，喉之管头也。其人瘦者多外见颈前，肥人则隐于肉内，多不见也。
胸膺 【注】胸者，缺盆下腹之上，有骨之处也；膺者，胸前两旁高处也，一名曰
臆，胸骨肉也，俗名胸膛。
【注】 者，胸之众骨名也。
乳 【注】乳者，膺上突起两肉有头，妇人以乳儿者也。
鸠尾 【注】鸠尾者，即蔽心骨也。其质系脆骨，在胸骨之下歧骨之间。
膈 【注】膈者，胸下腹上之界内之膜也，俗名罗膈。
腹 【注】腹者，膈之下曰腹，俗名曰肚；脐之下曰少腹，亦名小腹。
脐 【注】脐者，人之初生胞蒂之处也。
毛际 【注】毛际者，小腹下横骨间丛毛之际也。下横骨俗名盖骨。
篡 【注】篡者，横骨之下，两股之前，相合共结之凹也。前、后两阴之间，名下极
穴，又名屏翳穴、会阴穴，即男女阴气之所也。
睾丸 【注】睾丸者，男子前阴两丸也。
上横骨 【注】上横骨在喉前宛宛中，天突穴之外，小湾横骨旁，接拄骨之骨也。
拄骨 【注】拄骨者，膺上缺盆之外，俗名锁子骨也。内接横骨，外接肩解也。
肩解 【注】肩解者，肩端之骨节解处
也。
骨 【注】 骨者，肩端之骨也，即肩胛骨头臼之上棱骨也。其臼接 骨上端，俗
曰肩头。其外曲卷翅骨，肩后之棱骨也。其下棱骨，在背肉内。
肩胛 【注】肩胛者，即 骨之末成片骨也，亦名肩 ，俗名 板子骨。
臂 【注】臂者，上身两大支之通称也。一名曰肱，俗名 膊。 膊中节上、下骨交接
处，名曰肘；肘上之骨曰 骨；肘下之骨曰臂骨。臂骨有正、辅二骨，辅骨在上，短细
偏外；正骨居下，长大偏内，俱下接腕骨也。
腕 【注】腕者，臂掌骨接交处，以其宛屈故名也。当外侧之骨，名曰高骨，一名锐骨，亦名踝骨。
掌骨 【注】掌者，手之众指之本也。掌之众骨名壅骨，合凑成掌，非块然一骨也。
鱼 【注】鱼者，在掌外侧之上陇起，其形如鱼，故谓之鱼也。
手 【注】手者，上体所以持物也。
手心 【注】手心者，即掌之中也。
手背 【注】手背者，手之表也
指骨 【注】指者，手指之骨也。第一大指名巨指，在外二节，本节在掌；第二名
食指，又名大指之次指，三节在外，本节在掌；第三中指名将指，三节在外，本节在掌；
第四指名无名指，又名小指之次指，三节在外，本节在掌；第五指为小指，三节在外，本
节在掌。其节节交接处，皆有碎骨筋膜联系。
爪甲 【注】爪甲者，指之甲也，足趾同。
岐骨 【注】岐骨者，凡骨之两叉者，皆名岐骨，手足同。
【注】 者，肩 下内侧对腋处，高起软白肉也。
腋 【注】腋者，肩之下胁之上际，俗名 肢窝。
胁肋 【注】胁者，腋下至肋骨尽处之统名也。曰肋者，胁之单条骨之谓也，统胁
肋之总，又名曰 。
季胁 【注】季胁者，胁之下小肋骨也，俗名软肋。
【注】 者，胁下无肋骨空软处也。
脑后骨 【注】脑后骨者，俗呼脑杓。
枕骨 【注】枕骨者，脑后骨之下陇起者是也。其骨或棱、或平、或长、或圆不一。
完骨 【注】耳后之棱骨，名曰完骨，在枕骨下两旁之棱骨也。
颈项 【注】颈项者，颈之茎也。又曰颈者，茎之侧也；项者，茎之后也，俗名脖项。
颈骨 【注】颈者，头之茎骨，肩骨上际之骨，俗名天柱骨也。
项骨 【注】项骨者，头后茎骨之上三节圆骨也。
背 【注】背者，后身大椎以下，腰以上之通称也。
膂 【注】膂者，夹脊骨两旁肉也。
脊骨 【注】脊骨者，脊膂骨也，俗名脊梁骨。
腰骨 【注】腰骨者，即脊骨十四椎下，十五、十六椎间，尻上之骨也。其形中凹、上
宽、下窄，方圆二三寸许，两旁四孔，下接尻骨上际也。
胂 【注】胂者，腰下两旁，髁骨上之肉也。
臀 【注】臀者，胛下尻旁大肉也。
尻骨 【注】尻骨者，腰骨下十七椎、十八椎、十九椎、二十椎、二十一椎五节之骨
也。上四节纹之旁，左右各四孔，骨形内凹如瓦，长四五寸许，上宽下窄，末节更小，如
人参芦形，名尾闾，一名 端，一名橛骨，一名穷骨；在肛门后，其骨上外两旁形如马蹄，
附着两髁骨上端，俗名 骨。
肛 【注】肛者，大肠下口也。
下横骨、髁骨、楗骨 【注】下横骨在少腹下，其形如盖，故名盖骨也。其骨左右
二大孔，上两分出向后之骨，首如张扇，下
寸许附着于尻骨之上，形如马蹄之处，名曰髁骨。下两分出向前之骨，末如楗柱，在于
臀内，名曰楗骨。与尻骨成鼎足之势，为坐之主骨也，妇人俗名交骨；其骨面名曰髋，侠
髋之臼名曰机，又名髀枢，外接股之髀骨也，即环跳穴处，此一骨五名也。
股 【注】股者，下体两大支之通称也，俗名大腿小腿。中节上、下交接处，名曰膝。
膝上之骨曰髀骨，股之大骨也；膝下之骨曰 骨，胫之大骨也。
髀骨 【注】髀者，膝上之大骨也。上端如杵，接于髀枢，下端如锤，接于 骨也。
骨 【注】 骨者，俗名 胫骨也。其骨两根，在前者名成骨，又名 骨，形粗，膝
外突出之骨也；在后者名辅骨，形细，膝内侧之小骨也。
伏兔 【注】伏兔者，髀骨前膝之上，起肉似俯兔，故曰伏兔。
膝解 【注】膝解者，膝之节解也。
膑骨 【注】膑骨者，膝上盖骨也。
连骸 【注】连骸者，膝外侧二高骨也。
【注】 者，膝后屈外，俗名腿凹也。
【注】 者，下腿肚也，一名腓肠，俗名小腿肚。
踝骨 【注】踝者， 骨之下，足跗之上，两旁实出之高骨。在外为外踝，在内为内踝也。
足 【注】足者，下体所以趋走也，俗名脚。
跗骨 【注】跗者，足背也，一名足趺，俗称脚面。跗骨者，足趾本节之众骨也。
足心 【注】足心者，即踵之中也。
跟骨 【注】跟，足后根之骨也。
趾 【注】趾者，足之指也。其数五，名为趾者，别于手也。居内之大者名大趾，第
二趾名大趾之次趾，第三趾名中趾，第四名小趾之次趾，第五居外之小者名小趾。足之
指节与手指节同，其大趾之本节后内侧，圆
骨形突者，名核骨。
三毛 【注】足大趾爪甲后为三毛。毛后横纹为聚毛。
踵 【注】踵者，足下面着于地之谓也，俗名脚底板。
\r正面骨度部位图\p06-d43a31.bmp\r
\r背面骨度部位图\p06-d43a32.bmp\r
肺经起始于中府穴，终止于少商穴；大肠经起始于商阳穴，终止于迎香穴；胃经起始于承泣穴，终止于厉兑穴；脾经起始于隐白穴，终止于大包穴；心经起始于极泉穴，终止于少冲穴；小肠经起始于少泽穴，终止于听宫穴；膀胱经起始于睛明穴，终止于至阴穴；肾经起始于涌泉穴，终止于俞府穴；心包络经起始于天池穴，终止于中冲穴；三焦经起始于关冲穴，终止于竹空穴；胆经起始于瞳子髎穴，终止于足窍阴穴；肝经起始于大敦穴，终止于期门穴。
中府为手太阴肺经的井穴初注之处，其别络流注至商阳穴；商阳穴复流向迎香穴；迎香穴连接头维穴，直至库房穴；头维穴下降趋向厉兑穴；厉兑穴传气至隐白穴，到达胸乡穴；隐白穴上升达大包穴；大包穴仍接续极泉穴；极泉穴贯穿少冲穴进入心部井穴；少冲穴相连即为小肠经；少泽穴与听宫穴交会，听宫穴分出至睛明穴；睛明穴向下造至至阴穴强劲有力；至阴穴斜出涌泉穴底部；涌泉穴还归俞府脏；俞府穴横络截断天池穴；天池穴出中冲穴由心主掌；中冲穴并与关冲穴相合；关冲穴宛转至丝竹空穴旁；丝竹空穴更贯通瞳子髎穴；瞳子髎穴下入足窍阴方；足窍阴穴横亘于大敦井穴；大敦穴上期门穴为肝脉所当；期门穴历遍后还归于中府穴，经络周流需仔细详察。
多气多血的经脉只有阳明经（包括手阳明大肠经和足阳明胃经）；少气的经脉有太阳经和厥阴经；少血的经脉有二少阳、二太阴；六经的气血状况要分明。
【注】手阳明大肠经、足阳明胃经，这两条经脉是多气多血的经脉；三焦经、胆经、肾经、心经、脾经、肺经，这六条经脉是多气少血的经脉；心包络经、膀胱经、小肠经、肝经，这四条经脉是多血少气的经脉。
头：【注】头，就是人的首级。凡是物体单独突出的头部，都称为头。
脑：【注】脑，是头骨中的髓质，俗称脑子。
颠：【注】颠，就是头顶。头顶的骨头，俗称天灵盖。
囟：【注】囟，是头顶前方的头骨。婴儿出生时未闭合的称为囟门，已闭合的称为囟骨，即天灵盖后方闭合的骨头。
面：【注】凡前面的部位叫面，凡后面的部位叫背。位于头部的前方，所以称为面。
颜：【注】颜，是指眉毛和眼睛之间的部位。
额颅：【注】额前发际之下，两眉之上，称为额。另一种说法称颡，也是指额。
头角：【注】额两旁棱状的骨头。
鬓骨：【注】即两侧太阳穴处的骨头。
目：【注】目，是主管视力的器官。
目胞：【注】目胞，又称目窠、目裹，即上下眼睑的外卫组织。
目纲：【注】目纲，即上下眼睑的边缘，又称睫，主管眼睛的开合。
目内眦：【注】目内眦，是靠近鼻子内侧的眼角。因为大而圆，所以又称大眦。
目外眦：【注】目外眦，是靠近鬓角前的眼角。因为小而尖，所以称为目锐眦。
目珠：【注】目珠，是眼球的俗称。
目系：【注】目系，是眼球连入脑部的脉络。
目眶骨：【注】目眶，是眼窝四周的骨头。上方称为眉棱骨，下方即颧骨，颧骨之外即是颧骨。
䪼：【注】䪼，是眼下方的眶骨，颧骨内下连接上牙床的部分。
山根：【注】山根，即鼻梁。
鼻：【注】鼻，是主管嗅觉的器官。两个鼻孔之间的骨头，称为鼻柱；向下到鼻子的尽头，称为准头。
頄：【注】頄，是鼻翼旁边，靠近门牙的骨头。
颧：【注】颧，是面部两旁高起的大骨。
腮：【注】腮，俗称腮帮子，口旁颊前肉质的空软处。
耳：【注】耳，是主管听觉的器官。
蔽：【注】蔽，即耳门。
耳郭：【注】耳郭，即耳叶。
颊：【注】颊，是耳前颧侧面两旁的称呼。
曲颊：【注】曲颊，是颊部的骨头。弯曲如环形，承受颊车骨尾部的钩挂。
颊车：【注】颊车，是下牙床骨。承载所有牙齿，能咀嚼食物，所以称为颊车。
人中：【注】人中，在鼻柱之下，嘴唇之上，穴位名为水沟。
口：【注】口，是主管言语和进食的器官。
唇：【注】唇，是口的边缘。
吻：【注】吻，是口的四周。
颐：【注】颐，是口角后下方的部位。
颏：【注】颏，是口之下唇至末端的地方，俗名下巴壳。
颔：【注】颔，是颏下结喉上方的两侧肉质空软处。
齿：【注】齿，是口中生长的骨头，俗称牙。分为门牙、虎牙、槽牙、上下尽根牙等。
舌：【注】舌，是主管味觉的器官。
舌本：【注】舌本，是舌头的根部。
颃颡：【注】颃颡，是口腔内的上两个孔洞，主管分流气息的器官。
悬雍垂：【注】悬雍垂，张口看喉咙上方，像乳头一样的小舌头，俗称碓嘴。
会厌：【注】会厌，覆盖喉管上口的结构，似皮似膜，发声时打开，吞咽时关闭，所以是声音的门户。
咽：【注】咽，是饮食的路径，位于喉之后。
喉：【注】喉，是通声息的路径，位于咽之前。
喉咙：【注】喉咙，即喉，是肺系的连接部分。
嗌：【注】嗌，即咽，是胃系的连接部分。
结喉：【注】结喉，是喉管的顶端。瘦人多在颈前明显可见，胖人则隐藏在肉内，大多看不见。
胸膺：【注】胸，是缺盆下腹部之上，有骨的部位；膺，是胸前两旁高起的地方，又称臆，即胸骨肉，俗称胸膛。
膺骨：【注】膺骨，是胸部众多骨头的总称。
乳：【注】乳，是膺上突起的两块有乳头的肉，妇女用来哺育婴儿。
鸠尾：【注】鸠尾，即蔽心骨。质地是脆骨，位于胸骨之下歧骨之间。
膈：【注】膈，是胸下腹上的界膜，俗称罗膈。
腹：【注】腹，膈之下称为腹，俗称肚；脐之下称为少腹，也称小腹。
脐：【注】脐，是人出生时胎盘的蒂部所在处。
毛际：【注】毛际，是小腹下横骨之间长满阴毛的部位。下横骨俗称盖骨。
篡：【注】篡，是横骨之下，两腿之前，相交结合形成的凹陷处。前后两阴之间，名为下极穴，又名屏翳穴、会阴穴，即男女阴气汇聚之所。
睾丸：【注】睾丸，是男子前阴的两个丸状物。
上横骨：【注】上横骨在喉前宛宛中，天突穴之外，小湾横骨旁，连接拄骨的骨头。
拄骨：【注】拄骨，是膺上缺盆之外，俗称锁子骨。内接横骨，外接肩解。
肩解：【注】肩解，是肩端骨节连接处。
肩髃骨：【注】肩髃骨，是肩端的骨头，即肩胛骨头臼的上棱骨。其臼连接肩髃骨上端，俗称肩头。其外曲卷翅骨，是肩后的棱骨。其下棱骨，在背部肌肉内。
肩胛：【注】肩胛，即肩髃骨末端成片状的骨头，也名肩髃，俗称肩板子骨。
臂：【注】臂，是上身两大支的统称。又称肱，俗称胳膊。胳膊中节上下骨交接处，称为肘；肘上的骨头称为肱骨；肘下的骨头称为臂骨。臂骨有正、辅两根骨头，辅骨在上，短细偏外；正骨在下，长大偏内，都向下连接腕骨。
腕：【注】腕，是臂掌骨交接处，因其弯曲而得名。外侧的骨头，称为高骨，又称锐骨，也称踝骨。
掌骨：【注】掌，是手指的根本。掌中的众多骨头称为壅骨，聚合形成手掌，不是单一的一块骨头。
鱼：【注】鱼，在手掌外侧上方隆起，形状像鱼，所以称为鱼。
手：【注】手，是上体用来持物的器官。
手心：【注】手心，即手掌的中心。
手背：【注】手背，是手的表面。
指骨：【注】指，是手指的骨头。第一指名叫巨指，在外有两节，本节在掌；第二指名叫食指，又称大指之次指，有三节在外，本节在掌；第三指名叫中指名将指，有三节在外，本节在掌；第四指名叫无名指，又称小指之次指，有三节在外，本节在掌；第五指为小指，有三节在外，本节在掌。其各节交接处，都有碎骨筋膜联系。
爪甲：【注】爪甲，是指甲，脚趾相同。
岐骨：【注】岐骨，凡是骨头分叉的，都称为岐骨，手和脚相同。
腋窝：【注】腋窝，是肩髃下内侧对着腋窝处，高起的软白肉。
腋：【注】腋，是肩之下胁之上的边际，俗称腋肢窝。
胁肋：【注】胁，是腋下至肋骨尽处的总称。曰肋，是指胁中单条的骨头。统括胁肋的总称，又称胁肋。
季胁：【注】季胁，是胁下部的小肋骨，俗称软肋。
季胁下空处：【注】季胁下空处，是胁下没有肋骨的空软处。
脑后骨：【注】脑后骨，俗称脑杓。
枕骨：【注】枕骨，是脑后骨下方隆起的部分。这块骨头有的呈棱形、有的平坦、有的长、有的圆，各不相同。
完骨：【注】耳后的棱骨，称为完骨，位于枕骨下两旁的棱骨。
颈项：【注】颈项，是颈的茎干。又说颈是茎的侧面，项是茎的后面，俗称脖项。
颈骨：【注】颈骨，是头的茎骨，肩骨上际的骨头，俗称天柱骨。
项骨：【注】项骨，是头后茎骨上方的三节圆形骨头。
背：【注】背，是大椎以下、腰以上的身体后部的统称。
膂：【注】膂，是夹脊骨两旁的肌肉。
脊骨：【注】脊骨，即脊膂骨，俗称脊梁骨。
腰骨：【注】腰骨，即脊骨第十四椎以下，第十五、十六椎之间，尻骨上方的骨头。其中间凹陷，上部宽，下部窄，方圆约二三寸，两旁有四孔，向下连接尻骨上际。
胂：【注】胂，是腰下两旁，髁骨上方的肌肉。
臀：【注】臀，是胛下尻旁的大肌肉。
尻骨：【注】尻骨，是腰骨下第十七、十八、十九、二十、二十一椎五节骨头。上四节纹理旁，左右各四孔，骨形内凹如瓦，长约四五寸，上宽下窄，末节更小，像人参芦的形状，称为尾闾，又称骶端、橛骨、穷骨；位于肛门后方，其骨上外两旁形状像马蹄，附着在两髁骨上端，俗称骶骨。
肛：【注】肛，是大肠的下口。
下横骨、髁骨、楗骨：【注】下横骨在少腹下，形状如盖子，所以叫盖骨。其骨左右有两个大孔，向上分出向后延伸的骨头，头部像张开的扇子，向下约一寸附着在尻骨上形状像马蹄的地方，称为髁骨。向下分出向前延伸的骨头，末端像楗柱，位于臀部内，称为楗骨。与尻骨形成鼎足之势，是坐立的主要骨头，妇人俗称交骨；其骨面称为髋，夹持髋的臼称为机，又称髀枢，外接股之髀骨，即环跳穴处，这一块骨头有五个名字。
股：【注】股，是下体两大支的统称，俗称大腿小腿。中节上下交接处，称为膝。膝上的骨头称为髀骨，是股的大骨；膝下的骨头称为胫骨，是胫的大骨。
髀骨：【注】髀，是膝上的大骨。上端如杵，连接于髀枢；下端如锤，连接于胫骨。
胫骨：【注】胫骨，俗称胫骨。其骨有两根，在前面的称为成骨，又称胫骨，形状粗壮，是膝外侧突出的骨头；在后面的称为辅骨，形状纤细，是膝内侧的小骨。
伏兔：【注】伏兔，是髀骨前膝之上，隆起的肌肉像俯伏的兔子，所以叫伏兔。
膝解：【注】膝解，是膝关节的连接处。
膑骨：【注】膑骨，是膝盖上方的盖骨。
连骸：【注】连骸，是膝外侧的两个高骨。
腘：【注】腘，是膝后弯曲处，俗称腿凹。
腨：【注】腨，是下腿肚，一名腓肠，俗称小腿肚。
踝骨：【注】踝，是胫骨之下，足跗之上，两旁实出的高骨。在外侧的为外踝，在内侧的为内踝。
足：【注】足，是下体用来行走的器官，俗称脚。
跗骨：【注】跗，是足背，一名足趺，俗称脚面。跗骨，是足趾本节的众多骨头。
足心：【注】足心，即脚跟的中部。
跟骨：【注】跟，是足后根的骨头。
趾：【注】趾，是脚的指头。数量为五，称为趾，以区别于手。居内侧较大的称为大趾，第二趾称为大趾之次趾，第三趾称为中趾，第四称为小趾之次趾，第五居外侧较小的称为小趾。足的指节与手指节相同，其大趾的本节后内侧，圆骨形突出的，称为核骨。
三毛：【注】足大趾爪甲后为三毛。毛后横纹为聚毛。
踵：【注】踵，是足下面着地的部分，俗称脚底板。
The Lung Meridian starts at Zhongfu (LU-1) and ends at Shaoshang (LU-11); the Large Intestine Meridian starts at Shangyang (LI-1) and ends at Yingxiang (LI-20); the Stomach Meridian starts at Chengqi (ST-1) and ends at Lidui (ST-45); the Spleen Meridian starts at Yinbai (SP-1) and ends at Dabao (SP-21); the Heart Meridian starts at Jiquan (HT-1) and ends at Shaochong (HT-9); the Small Intestine Meridian starts at Shaoze (SI-1) and ends at Tinggong (SI-19); the Bladder Meridian starts at Jingming (BL-1) and ends at Zhiyin (BL-67); the Kidney Meridian starts at Yongquan (KI-1) and ends at Shufu (KI-27); the Pericardium Meridian starts at Tianchi (PC-1) and ends at Zhongchong (PC-9); the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) Meridian starts at Guanchong (TE-1) and ends at Zhukong (TE-15); the Gallbladder Meridian starts at Tongziliao (GB-1) and ends at Zuqiaoyin (GB-44); the Liver Meridian starts at Dadun (LR-1) and ends at Qimen (LR-14).
Zhongfu is the initial point of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, its collateral network flows to Shangyang; Shangyang then leads to Yingxiang; Yingxiang connects to Touwei (ST-8), reaching until Kukufang (ST-18); Touwei descends towards Lidui; Lidui transmits to Yinbai, arriving at Xiongxiang (SP-18); Yinbai ascends to reach Dabao; Dabao continues to Jiquan; Jiquan penetrates Shaochong into the Heart's Jing-Well point; Shaochong connects to the Small Intestine Meridian; Shaoze meets Tinggong, which divides to Jingming; Jingming goes down to strengthen Zhiyin; Zhiyin slants out from the bottom of Yongquan; Yongquan returns to Shufu; Shufu's horizontal network intercepts Tianchi; Tianchi emerges from Zhongchong, governed by the Heart Master; Zhongchong combines with Guanchong; Guanchong turns to beside Sizhukong (TE-23); Sizhukong further connects to Tongziliao; Tongziliao enters Zuqiaoyin; Zuqiaoyin lies across Dadun Jing-Well; Dadun leads to Qimen, where the Liver Meridian resides; after traversing Qimen, it returns to Zhongfu. The circulation of meridians must be carefully detailed.
Only the Yangming Meridians (Hand-Yangming Large Intestine and Foot-Yangming Stomach) have abundant Qi and Blood; the Taiyang and Jueyin Meridians have little Qi; the two Shaoyang and two Taiyin Meridians have little Blood; the Qi and Blood conditions of the six meridians must be clearly distinguished.
[Note] The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian are the meridians with abundant Qi and Blood; the Sanjiao, Gallbladder, Kidney, Heart, Spleen, and Lung meridians are those with abundant Qi but little Blood; the Pericardium, Bladder, Small Intestine, and Liver meridians are those with abundant Blood but little Qi.
Head: [Note] Head refers to the human skull. Any part of an object that protrudes alone is called a head.
Brain: [Note] Brain is the marrow within the skull, commonly known as brain matter.
Dian (Vertex): [Note] Dian refers to the top of the head. The bone at the vertex is commonly called the fontanelle bone or "heavenly lid."
Xin (Fontanelle): [Note] Xin is the frontal bone at the top of the head. In newborns, if not closed, it is called the anterior fontanelle; if closed, it is called the fontanelle bone, i.e., the bone closing behind the heavenly lid.
Face: [Note] The front is called the face, the back is called the back. Located at the front of the head, hence called the face.
Yan (Forehead/Brow area): [Note] Yan refers to the area between the eyebrows and eyes.
E Chu (Forehead): [Note] Below the hairline on the forehead, above the two eyebrows, is called the forehead. Another term for this is Sang, also referring to the forehead.
Head Corners: [Note] The bony ridges on both sides of the forehead.
Bone of Temples: [Note] The bones at the temples on both sides.
Eye: [Note] The eye is the organ responsible for vision.
Eyelid: [Note] Eyelid, also called eye pit or eye wrap, is the protective tissue of the upper and lower eyelids.
Eye Rim: [Note] Eye rim refers to the edges of the upper and lower eyelids, also called cilia, controlling the opening and closing of the eye.
Inner Canthus: [Note] Inner canthus is the inner corner of the eye near the nose. Because it is large and round, it is also called the large canthus.
Outer Canthus: [Note] Outer canthus is the outer corner of the eye near the temples. Because it is small and pointed, it is called the sharp canthus.
Eyeball: [Note] Eyeball is the common name for the globe of the eye.
Eye System: [Note] Eye system refers to the connection from the eyeball entering the brain.
Orbital Bone: [Note] Orbit refers to the bones surrounding the eye socket. The upper part is called the brow ridge bone, the lower part is the zygomatic bone, and outside the zygomatic bone is the cheekbone.
Canthus Area: [Note] The orbital bone below the eye, connecting internally and downwards to the upper jaw inside the zygomatic bone.
Mountain Root: [Note] Mountain root refers to the nasal bridge.
Nose: [Note] The nose is the organ responsible for smell. The bone between the two nostrils is called the nasal pillar; down to the tip of the nose is called the準頭 (Zhuntou).
Cheekbone Area: [Note] The bone next to the alae nasi, near the incisors.
Zygoma: [Note] Zygoma refers to the prominent large bones on both sides of the face.
Cheek Flesh: [Note] Commonly called cheeks, the soft fleshy area in front of the jaw near the mouth.
Ear: [Note] The ear is the organ responsible for hearing.
Shield: [Note] Shield refers to the ear gate.
Auricle: [Note] Auricle refers to the ear leaf.
Jaw/Check: [Note] Jaw refers to the sides in front of the ears and zygomas.
Curved Jaw: [Note] Curved jaw refers to the bone of the jaw. It is curved like a ring, receiving the hook of the mandibular condyle.
Mandible Joint: [Note] Mandible joint refers to the lower jawbone. It holds all teeth and enables chewing, hence named Mandible Joint.
Ren Zhong (Governor Vessel Point): [Note] Ren Zhong is located below the nasal pillar and above the lips; the acupoint is named Shuigou.
Mouth: [Note] The mouth is the organ responsible for speech and eating.
Lip: [Note] Lips are the edges of the mouth.
Kiss/Mouth Surroundings: [Note] Kiss refers to the surroundings of the mouth.
Chin/Jaw: [Note] Chin refers to the area below the corners of the mouth.
Chin Tip: [Note] Chin tip refers to the area from the lower lip to the end, commonly called the lower jaw shell.
Submandibular Region: [Note] Submandibular region refers to the soft flesh on both sides above the hyoid bone below the chin.
Teeth: [Note] Teeth are bones grown in the mouth, commonly called teeth. They are classified into incisors, canines, molars, and wisdom teeth.
Tongue: [Note] The tongue is the organ responsible for taste.
Root of Tongue: [Note] Root of tongue refers to the base of the tongue.
Hang Sang: [Note] Hang Sang refers to the two upper holes in the oral cavity, serving as the organ for dividing qi.
Uvula: [Note] Uvula is the small tongue-like structure seen above the throat when opening the mouth, commonly called pestle mouth.
Epiglottis: [Note] Epiglottis covers the upper opening of the larynx, resembling skin or membrane; it opens during phonation and closes during swallowing, thus serving as the door of sound.
Pharynx: [Note] Pharynx is the pathway for food and drink, located behind the larynx.
Larynx: [Note] Larynx is the pathway for voice and breath, located in front of the pharynx.
Throat: [Note] Throat refers to the larynx, which is the connection of the lungs.
Ai: [Note] Ai refers to the pharynx, which is the connection of the stomach.
Adam's Apple: [Note] Adam's apple is the top of the laryngeal tube. In thin people, it is often visible in the front of the neck; in fat people, it is hidden in the flesh and often invisible.
Chest/Pectorals: [Note] Chest refers to the bony area below the clavicle and above the abdomen; Pectorals refer to the high areas on both sides of the chest, also called Yi, meaning chest muscle and bone, commonly called chest.
Sternum Bones: [Note] Sternum bones are the collective name for the many bones of the chest.
Breast: [Note] Breast refers to the two fleshy protrusions on the pectorals with nipples, used by women to nurse infants.
Jiu Wei (Raven Tail): [Note] Jiu Wei refers to the xiphoid process. Its texture is cartilaginous, located between the bifurcation of the bones below the sternum.
Diaphragm: [Note] Diaphragm is the membrane separating the chest and abdomen, commonly called Luo Ge.
Abdomen: [Note] Below the diaphragm is called the abdomen, commonly called belly; below the navel is called the lower abdomen, also called small abdomen.
Navel: [Note] Navel is the place where the umbilical cord was attached at birth.
Hair Margin: [Note] Hair margin refers to the area between the pubic bones covered with hair. The lower pubic bone is commonly called the cover bone.
Cuan (Perineum): [Note] Cuan refers to the depression formed by the convergence of the front of the two thighs below the pubic bone. Between the anterior and posterior yins, it is named Xiaji Acupoint, also called Pingyi Acupoint or Huiyin Acupoint, which is the gathering place of yin qi for both men and women.
Testes: [Note] Testes are the two testicles in males' external genitalia.
Upper Transverse Bone: [Note] Upper transverse bone is located in the depression in front of the throat, outside Tiantu (CV-22), beside the small bay transverse bone, connecting to the supporting bone.
Supporting Bone: [Note] Supporting bone is outside the supraclavicular fossa on the pectorals, commonly called collarbone. It connects internally to the transverse bone and externally to the shoulder joint.
Shoulder Joint: [Note] Shoulder joint refers to the articulation at the end of the shoulder.
Acromion Bone: [Note] Acromion bone is the bone at the end of the shoulder, specifically the upper ridge bone of the glenoid cavity of the scapula. Its cavity connects to the upper end of the acromion, commonly called the shoulder head. Its outer curved wing-like bone is the ridge bone at the back of the shoulder. Its lower ridge bone is inside the back muscles.
Scapula: [Note] Scapula refers to the flat bone at the end of the acromion, also named Jian Yu, commonly called shoulder plate bone.
Arm: [Note] Arm is the general term for the two main branches of the upper body. Also called Gong, commonly called elbow-arm. The junction of the upper and lower bones at the middle segment of the arm is called the elbow; the bone above the elbow is called the humerus; the bone below the elbow is called the forearm bone. The forearm has two bones: the radius (upper, short, thin, lateral) and the ulna (lower, long, thick, medial), both connecting downward to the wrist bones.
Wrist: [Note] Wrist is the junction of the arm and palm bones, named for its curvature. The bone on the lateral side is called the high bone, also called sharp bone or ankle bone.
Palm Bones: [Note] Palm refers to the base of the fingers. The many bones in the palm are called Yong Gu, aggregating to form the palm, not a single block of bone.
Fish: [Note] Fish refers to the raised area on the lateral upper palm, shaped like a fish, hence named Fish.
Hand: [Note] Hand is the organ of the upper body used to hold objects.
Palm Center: [Note] Palm center is the middle of the palm.
Back of Hand: [Note] Back of hand is the surface of the hand.
Finger Bones: [Note] Finger refers to the bones of the fingers. The first finger is called Ju Zhi, with two segments outside and one proximal segment in the palm; the second finger is called Shi Zhi (Index Finger), also called the finger next to the thumb, with three segments outside and one proximal segment in the palm; the third finger is called Zhong Zhi (Middle Finger), with three segments outside and one proximal segment in the palm; the fourth finger is called Wu Ming Zhi (Ring Finger), also called the finger next to the little finger, with three segments outside and one proximal segment in the palm; the fifth finger is the Xiao Zhi (Little Finger), with three segments outside and one proximal segment in the palm. All joints are connected by fragmented bones and fascia.
Nail: [Note] Nail refers to the fingernail, same for toenails.
Bifurcated Bone: [Note] Bifurcated bone refers to any bone that splits into two, applicable to both hands and feet.
Axilla Area: [Note] The axilla area is the high, soft, white flesh opposite the armpit under the acromion.
Axilla: [Note] Axilla is the boundary between below the shoulder and above the ribs, commonly called armpit.
Hypochondrium/Ribs: [Note] Hypochondrium is the general term from the armpit to the end of the ribs. Rib refers to a single rib bone. The collective term for hypochondrium and ribs is also called Hypochondrium.
Costal Margin: [Note] Costal margin refers to the small ribs at the lower part of the hypochondrium, commonly called soft ribs.
Empty Space below Costal Margin: [Note] The empty, soft space below the costal margin without ribs.
Bone at Back of Head: [Note] Bone at back of head, commonly called brain scoop.
Occipital Bone: [Note] Occipital bone is the protruding part below the bone at the back of the head. This bone varies in shape: ridged, flat, long, or round.
Wan Gu (Complete Bone): [Note] Wan Gu refers to the ridge bone behind the ear, located on both sides below the occipital bone.
Neck/Nape: [Note] Neck-Nape refers to the stem of the neck. Neck is the side of the stem; Nape is the back of the stem, commonly called neck.
Neck Bone: [Note] Neck bone is the stem bone of the head and the upper boundary bone of the shoulder bones, commonly called Tian Zhu Bone.
Nape Bone: [Note] Nape bone refers to the three circular vertebrae at the top of the stem bone at the back of the head.
Back: [Note] Back is the general term for the area from Dazhui (GV-14) below to the waist above, on the posterior body.
Lu (Paraspinal Muscle): [Note] Lu refers to the muscles on both sides of the spinal column.
Spine: [Note] Spine refers to the paraspinal bone, commonly called backbone.
Lumbar Bone: [Note] Lumbar bone is the bone below the 14th vertebra of the spine, between the 15th and 16th vertebrae, above the sacrum. It is concave in the middle, wide at the top, narrow at the bottom, about 2-3 cun square, with four holes on each side, connecting downward to the upper boundary of the sacrum.
Shen (Lumbar Muscle): [Note] Shen refers to the muscles on both sides below the waist, above the femoral condyles.
Buttock: [Note] Buttock refers to the large muscle below the scapula and beside the sacrum.
Sacrum: [Note] Sacrum consists of five vertebral segments: 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, and 21st vertebrae below the lumbar bone. On the sides of the textures of the upper four segments, there are four holes on each side. The bone shape is concave like a tile, about 4-5 cun long, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, with the last segment being smaller, shaped like the rhizome of ginseng, named Weilu, also called Siduan, Ju Gu, or Qiong Gu; located behind the anus. The upper outer sides of this bone are shaped like horse hooves, attaching to the upper ends of the femoral condyles, commonly called the sacral bone.
Anus: [Note] Anus is the lower exit of the large intestine.
Lower Transverse Bone, Femoral Condyle, Jian Bone: [Note] Lower transverse bone is below the lower abdomen, shaped like a cover, hence named Cover Bone. It has two large holes on the left and right. The bones branching upward and backward have heads like open fans and attach about 1 cun below to the horse-hoof-shaped part of the sacrum, named Femoral Condyle. The bones branching downward and forward end like pillars, located inside the buttocks, named Jian Bone. Together with the sacrum, they form a tripod posture, serving as the main bone for sitting, commonly called Jiao Gu in women; the surface of this bone is called Kua, the acetabulum holding the Kua is called Ji, also called Bi Shu, connecting externally to the femur, which is the location of Huantiao (GB-30) acupoint. This single bone has five names.
Thigh: [Note] Thigh is the general term for the two main branches of the lower body, commonly called thigh and calf. The junction of the upper and lower segments at the middle section is called the knee. The bone above the knee is called the Femur (Bi Gu), the large bone of the thigh; the bone below the knee is called the Tibia (Jing Gu), the large bone of the leg.
Femur: [Note] Femur is the large bone above the knee. The upper end is like a pestle, connecting to the Bi Shu; the lower end is like a hammer, connecting to the tibia.
Tibia: [Note] Tibia, commonly called shin bone. It has two roots: the one in front is called Cheng Gu, also called Tibia, thick in shape, protruding laterally at the knee; the one at the back is called Fu Gu, thin in shape, the small bone on the medial side of the knee.
Fu Tu (Crouching Rabbit): [Note] Fu Tu refers to the muscle rising above the knee on the front of the femur, resembling a crouching rabbit, hence named Fu Tu.
Knee Joint: [Note] Knee Joint refers to the articulation of the knee.
Patella: [Note] Patella is the cover bone above the knee.
Lian Hai: [Note] Lian Hai refers to the two high bones on the lateral side of the knee.
Guo (Popliteal Fossa): [Note] Guo refers to the hollow at the back of the bent knee, commonly called leg concavity.
Shuan (Calf): [Note] Shuan refers to the calf muscle, also called Fei Chang, commonly called calf belly.
Ankle Bone: [Note] Ankle refers to the prominent bones on both sides below the tibia and above the dorsum of the foot. The lateral one is the lateral malleolus, and the medial one is the medial malleolus.
Foot: [Note] Foot is the organ of the lower body used for walking, commonly called foot.
Dorsum Bones: [Note] Dorsum refers to the instep, also called Zu Fu, commonly called foot surface. Dorsum bones are the many bones at the proximal joints of the toes.
Sole of Foot: [Note] Sole of foot refers to the middle of the heel.
Calcaneus: [Note] Calcaneus is the bone at the rear root of the foot.
Toe: [Note] Toe refers to the fingers of the foot. There are five, named Toe to distinguish from hand. The largest on the medial side is called Da Zhi (Great Toe); the second is called Da Zhi Zhi Ci Zhi (Next to Great Toe); the third is Zhong Zhi (Middle Toe); the fourth is Xiao Zhi Zhi Ci Zhi (Next to Little Toe); the smallest on the lateral side is Xiao Zhi (Little Toe). The toe joints are the same as finger joints. The rounded bone protruding on the medial side behind the proximal joint of the great toe is called He Gu.
San Mao (Three Hairs): [Note] Behind the nail of the great toe are three hairs. The transverse wrinkle behind the hairs is Ju Mao.
Heel: [Note] Heel refers to the part of the sole touching the ground, commonly called foot bottom.