为君；气喘小便不利者，防己散∶湿热盛者，单山栀炒为末，米饮调服，或单山栀丸。
腹大异常亦堪忧；
妊孕五六个月，腹大异常，高过心胸，气逆不安，胎中蓄水所致。若不早治，必然其子手足软短，形体
生理残障，或生下即死，子母难保。宜鲤鱼汤，服至肿消水散为度。仍常煮鲤鱼粥食之。
又有脚肿或出水，胞浆大盛故下流。
妊孕七八个月以来，两脚浮肿，头面不肿，乃胞浆水湿下流。微肿者易产，名曰皱脚；肿甚者，平胃散加
木瓜∶挟外感者，槟苏散。自脚面肿至膝腿，喘闷妨食，甚至足指间有黄水出者，谓之子气，宜天仙藤散；如脚腰
肿者，肾着汤，手脚肿者，用赤小豆、桑白皮等分，水煎服，重者加商陆。
妊孕中风名子痫，只因体薄受风寒，发则口噤痰涎壅，有时昏晕胎难安。
体虚受风，而伤太阳之经络，后复遇风寒相搏，发则口噤背强，痰涎壅盛，昏晕不识人，时醒时作，谓
之儿晕，又曰子痫，又曰 ，甚则角弓反张，小续命汤意。重者羚羊角汤；轻者四物汤加葛根、牡丹皮、秦艽、
细辛、防风、竹沥。痰加贝母、陈皮、茯苓、甘草，或古芎活散。如中风寒犯触，身体尽疼，乍寒乍热，胎不安
常，苦头眩痛，绕脐下寒，时时小便白如米泔，或青黄，寒栗，腰苦冷病，目视KT KT 者，四君子汤去茯苓，加
当归、浓朴，韭白，姜煎，入酒调服。不醒人事者，单荆芥散。
子淋溺涩膀胱热，
妊孕饮食积热膀胱，以致小便闭涩，又谓之子满，宜古芎归汤加木通、麦门冬、人参、甘草、灯心，临
月加滑石为君。热盛者，五淋散。
原因房劳内伤胞门，冲任虚者，四物汤合六君子汤，或肾气丸。
甚则大小便闭结；
脏腑积热，大小便不通者，用赤茯苓、枳壳等分，大腹皮、甘草减半，葱白煎服；或四物加黄芩、浓朴、
枳壳。胞热小便不通，身重恶寒，头眩者，用冬葵子、赤茯苓等分为末，米饮调服。
转脬溺闭痛难当，
转脬者，脬系转戾，脐下急痛，小便通，多禀弱、性急、浓味者有之。妊孕脬为胎压，展在一边，脬系
转戾，但升举其胎，脬转水道自通，宜四物汤合六君子汤，去茯苓，探吐以提之。无孕者亦同，不可专用滑渗
之药。有素肥盛忽瘦，两尺脉绝者，阴虚也，肾气丸主之；甚者冬葵子、赤茯苓、赤芍等分水煎，入发灰少许。
有热者，古芩术汤合益元散服之。一法∶将妊孕倒竖起，其胎不坠，其溺自出。产后有脬转，或脬出者，捣葱
白于脐上，灸之立效。如欲服药，与胎前大同。
遗尿赤白宜分别。
妊孕遗尿，古方用白薇、白芍等分为末，每三钱，酒调服。然亦有虚有热，赤者属热，古芩术汤加山茱萸、
五味子少许；白者属虚，安胎饮，或鸡 散。
子喑腹鸣自笑悲，
妊孕三五个月以来，忽失音不语者，胞络脉绝也。胞系于肾，肾脉贯舌，非药可疗，分娩后即自能言。腹
中作钟鸣，或哭者，多年空房下鼠穴中土为末，酒下或干噙之，即止。腹中儿啼者，黄连煎浓汁呷之，或青黛亦
好。有脏躁悲伤惨戚、呕下者，大麦、甘草、枣煎服。有自哭自笑者，红枣烧存性，米饮调服。
发痘动胎命必绝；
胎前患痘，用峻药动胎，去血泄气，必死。详痘疹。
诸证湿痰风热虚，却邪保胎真口诀。
孕妇脾土不运而生湿，湿生痰，痰生热，热生风。如子肿，湿也；恶阻，痰也；子烦、子淋，热也；子痫，
风也；子悬，气也；转脬，虚也。清热，渗湿、消痰、顺气、疏风、补虚，或兼杂证，祛邪保胎二法并行，
子母俱安。
饮食禁忌亦须知，
鸡肉合糯米食，令子生寸白虫；食犬肉，令子无声； 鲤同鸡子食，令子生疳蚀疮；食兔肉，令子缺唇；
食羊肝，令子多厄；食鳖肉，令子项短缩头；鸭子同桑椹食，令子倒生心寒；鲜鱼同田鸡食，令子喑哑；雀肉
同豆酱食，令子生雀子斑；食螃蟹，横生；食姜芽，令子多指；食冰浆，令绝产；食雀肉饮酒，令子多淫无耻；
食茨菇，消胎气；食驴马肉，过月难产；豆酱合藿菜食，堕胎；食山羊肉，令子多病；食鳅鳝无鳞鱼，难产；
食诸般菌，生子惊风而夭；食雀脑，令子患雀目。勿妄服汤药，勿妄用针灸，勿过饮酒浆，勿举重登高陟险。
心有大惊，子必癫痫。勿多睡卧，须时时少步，动和血脉；勿劳力过伤，使肾气不足，子必解颅，脑破不合。
衣毋太温，食毋太饱，若脾胃不和荣卫虚损，子必羸瘦多病。戒之。
转女求男皆古设。
生男生女，阴阳造化玄妙。古法于胎成二月之内，以斧置孕妇床席下，悬弓矢于壁，盖弓矢斧斤，男子事
也，勿令人知此意。恐不信者，令待鸡抱卵之时，以斧置窠下，尽是雄鸡。故胎教常令见王公大人，亦此意也。
更佩雄黄一二两于孕妇身左，或萱花亦可。三法皆验，用其一可也。又后有月日时游胎杀，虽不可泥，然门户
床灶，实不可轻易移动，求嗣者，尤宜慎之。
作为君药；若出现气喘、小便不利的症状，使用防己散；湿热邪气盛者，单独将山栀炒制后研为细末，用米汤调服，或者单独服用山栀丸。
腹部异常增大也令人担忧；
妊娠五六个月时，腹部异常增大，高过心胸部位，气息上逆、心神不安，这是胎中蓄水所致。如果不尽早治疗，必然导致孩子手足软弱短小，身体生理残障，或者出生后即刻死亡，母子都难以保全。适宜使用鲤鱼汤，服用至肿胀消退、积水散去为止。平时常煮鲤鱼粥食用。
又有脚部浮肿或流出液体的情况，这是因为胞浆水湿过多而下流。
妊娠七八个月以来，双脚浮肿，但头面部不肿，这是胞浆中的水湿向下流动所致。轻微浮肿者容易分娩，称为“皱脚”；浮肿严重者，使用平胃散加木瓜；兼有外感邪气者，使用槟苏散。从脚面肿胀延伸至膝腿，伴有喘息胸闷、妨碍进食，甚至脚趾间有黄水渗出的，称为“子气”，适宜使用天仙藤散；如果是脚腰肿胀，使用肾着汤；手脚均肿胀者，用赤小豆、桑白皮等量，水煎服，重症者加入商陆。
妊娠期间中风称为“子痫”，只因为体质薄弱受风寒侵袭，发作时牙关紧闭、痰涎壅盛，有时昏晕导致胎元难安。
体质虚弱感受风邪，损伤太阳经络，后来又遭遇风寒相搏，发作时牙关紧闭、背部强直，痰涎壅盛，昏晕不识人，时而清醒时而发作，称为“儿晕”，又称“子痫”，又称“痓病”，严重时出现角弓反张，可用小续命汤之意加减。重症者用羚羊角汤；轻症者用四物汤加葛根、牡丹皮、秦艽、细辛、防风、竹沥。若有痰证，加贝母、陈皮、茯苓、甘草，或者古芎活散。如果中风寒邪侵犯，全身疼痛，忽冷忽热，胎动不安，苦于头晕头痛，脐下寒冷，时时小便色白如米泔水，或呈青黄色，寒战发抖，腰部苦冷不适，视物模糊不清的，用四君子汤去掉茯苓，加当归、厚朴、韭白，生姜煎煮，调入酒中服用。人事不省者，单用荆芥散。
子淋（妊娠小便涩痛）因膀胱热盛，溺液不畅，
妊娠期饮食积热于膀胱，导致小便闭塞涩滞，又被称为“子满”，适宜古芎归汤加木通、麦门冬、人参、甘草、灯心草，临产月数时加入滑石作为君药。热势盛者，用五淋散。
原因是房事劳损内伤胞门，冲任二脉虚弱的，用四物汤合六君子汤，或者肾气丸。
严重则大小便闭结不通；
脏腑积热，大小便不通者，用赤茯苓、枳壳等量，大腹皮、甘草减半，葱白煎服；或者四物汤加黄芩、厚朴、枳壳。胞热导致小便不通，身体沉重恶寒，头晕目眩者，用冬葵子、赤茯苓等量为末，米汤调服。
转脬（妊娠尿潴留）小便闭塞疼痛难忍，
转脬是指膀胱系膜扭转弯曲，脐下急痛，小便不通，多因禀赋虚弱、性格急躁、嗜食浓味厚腻食物的人患有。妊娠期胎儿压迫膀胱，使其偏向一侧，膀胱系膜扭转弯曲，只需升举胎元，膀胱回转，水道自然通畅，适宜四物汤合六君子汤，去掉茯苓，通过探吐的方法以提举胎元。无孕者也同样适用，不可专门使用滑利渗泄的药物。有素来肥胖突然消瘦，两尺脉绝的，属于阴虚，主用肾气丸；重症者用冬葵子、赤茯苓、赤芍等量水煎，加入少许发灰。有热者，用古芩术汤合益元散服用。另一种方法：将孕妇倒立竖起，胎儿不下坠，尿液自然排出。产后有膀胱扭转或膀胱脱出者，捣碎葱白敷于脐上，艾灸之立即见效。如果想服药，与胎前病症大同小异。
遗尿且尿液赤白应当分别对待。
妊娠期遗尿，古方用白薇、白芍等量为末，每次三钱，酒调服。然而也有虚证和热证之分，尿赤属热，用古芩术汤加少许山茱萸、五味子；尿白属虚，用安胎饮，或者鸡屎白散。
子喑（妊娠失音）腹中鸣响自笑又悲，
妊娠三五个月以来，忽然失音不能言语的，是胞络脉气隔绝所致。胞系连于肾，肾脉贯通舌根，非药物可疗，分娩后即能自然言语。腹中发出钟鸣声，或者像哭的声音，取多年空房下鼠穴中的泥土研为细末，用酒送下或干含在口中，即可停止。腹中胎儿啼哭的，用黄连煎浓汁呷服，或者青黛也好。有脏躁症悲伤凄惨、呕吐下血的，用大麦、甘草、大枣煎服。有自哭自笑的，红枣烧存性，米汤调服。
发痘疹触动胎元性命必绝；
胎前患痘疹，如果使用峻烈药物触动胎元，耗血泄气，必定死亡。详见痘疹篇。
各种证候由湿、痰、风、热、虚引起，祛邪保胎真是真口诀。
孕妇脾土运化失常而生湿，湿生痰，痰生热，热生风。如子肿，是湿邪所致；恶阻，是痰邪所致；子烦、子淋，是热邪所致；子痫，是风邪所致；子悬，是气滞所致；转脬，是虚损所致。清热、渗湿、消痰、顺气、疏风、补虚，或者兼治杂证，祛邪与保胎两法并行，母子俱安。
饮食禁忌也必须知晓，
鸡肉合糯米食用，令孩子生出寸白虫；吃狗肉，令孩子无声；鲤鱼同鸡蛋食用，令孩子生疳蚀疮；吃兔肉，令孩子缺唇；吃羊肝，令孩子多灾厄；吃鳖肉，令孩子项短缩头；鸭子同桑椹食用，令孩子倒生心寒；鲜鱼同田鸡食用，令孩子喑哑；雀肉同豆酱食用，令孩子生雀子斑；吃螃蟹，横生；吃姜芽，令孩子多指；吃冰浆，令绝产；吃雀肉饮酒，令孩子多淫无耻；吃茨菇，消胎气；吃驴马肉，过期难产；豆酱合藿菜食用，堕胎；吃山羊肉，令孩子多病；吃鳅鳝无鳞鱼，难产；吃各种菌类，生子惊风而夭折；吃雀脑，令孩子患雀目。不要妄自服用汤药，不要妄用针灸，不要过量饮酒浆，不要举重登高涉险。
心中大惊，孩子必患癫痫。不要多睡卧，须时时少量散步，活动调和血脉；不要过度劳累伤身，使肾气不足，孩子必患解颅，脑破不合。
衣服不要太温暖，饮食不要太饱，如果脾胃不和荣卫虚损，孩子必羸瘦多病。切记戒除。
转女求男都是古代设立的迷信说法。
生男生女，是阴阳造化的玄妙之处。古法在胎成两个月之内，将斧头放在孕妇床席下，在墙上悬挂弓矢，盖因弓矢斧斤是男子之事，不要让他人知道此意。恐怕不信者，等到母鸡抱卵之时，将斧头放在巢穴下，孵出的尽是雄鸡。所以胎教常令孕妇见到王公大人，也是这个意思。
再佩戴雄黄一二两在孕妇身体左侧，或者萱花也可以。三种方法都有效，选用其中一种即可。后来又有按月日时辰推算的游胎杀，虽然不可拘泥，然而门户、床灶，实在不可轻易移动，求嗣者，尤其应该谨慎。
As the sovereign herb; if panting and difficult urination occur, use Fangji San (Stephania Decoction); if damp-heat is abundant, stir-fry Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi) alone into powder, mix with rice water for ingestion, or take Gardeniae Fructus Pills alone.
Abnormal abdominal enlargement is also a cause for worry;
During the fifth to sixth month of pregnancy, if the abdomen enlarges abnormally, rising above the heart and chest, with rebellious qi and restlessness, this is caused by fluid accumulation in the fetus. If not treated early, it will inevitably result in the child having soft and short limbs, physical disabilities, or death immediately after birth, endangering both mother and child. Liyu Tang (Carp Decoction) is suitable, taken until swelling subsides and fluid dissipates. Regularly cook and eat carp porridge.
There are cases of swollen feet or leaking fluid, due to excessive amniotic fluid flowing downward.
From the seventh to eighth month of pregnancy, if both feet are edematous but the head and face are not, this is due to dampness from amniotic fluid flowing downward. Mild edema facilitates delivery, called "Zhoujiao" (Wrinkled Foot); severe edema is treated with Pingwei San (Regulate the Stomach Powder) plus Papaya Fructus (Mugua); if complicated by external contraction, use Binsu San (Betel Leaf and Perilla Powder). If swelling extends from the feet to the knees and legs, accompanied by panting, chest oppression, and poor appetite, even with yellow fluid oozing from between toes, it is called "Ziqi" (Fetal Qi), treated with Tianxian Teng San (Akebia Vine Powder); for swelling in the feet and waist, use Shenzhuo Tang (Kidney Fixation Decoction); for swelling in hands and feet, use Adzuki Bean (Chixiaodou) and Mulberry Root Bark (Sangbaipi) in equal amounts, decocted in water; add Phytolaccae Radix (Shanglu) for severe cases.
Stroke during pregnancy is called "Zixian" (Fetal Convulsion), caused solely by weak constitution exposed to wind-cold. Upon onset, there is jaw clenching, phlegm-saliva obstruction, occasional fainting, and fetal instability.
Weak constitution exposed to wind damages the Taiyang meridians; subsequent exposure to wind-cold causes onset with jaw clenching, back stiffness, abundant phlegm-saliva, fainting with loss of consciousness, alternating periods of wakefulness and unconsciousness. This is called "Eryun" (Fetal Faintness), also known as "Zixian," or "Chibing" (Spasm disease). In severe cases, opisthotonos occurs; treat with the principle of Xiao Xuming Tang (Minor Continuation of Life Decoction). For severe cases, Lingyangjiao Tang (Antelope Horn Decoction); for mild cases, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Puerariae Radix (Gegen), Moutan Cortex (Mudanpi), Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (Qinjiao), Asari Radix (Xixin), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), and Bamboo Juice (Zhuli). Add Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), Poria (Fuling), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) for phlegm, or Gu Xionghuo San (Ancient Xiong Huo Powder). If struck by wind-cold, causing whole-body pain, alternating chills and fever, fetal restlessness, dizziness, headache, cold below the umbilicus, urine white like rice washings or greenish-yellow, shivering, cold sensation in the waist, and blurred vision, use Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) minus Poria, plus Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo), Leek White (Jiu Bai), decocted with Ginger, mixed with wine. For unconsciousness, use Jingjie San (Schizonepeta Powder) alone.
Zilin (Pregnancy Dysuria) involves heat in the bladder and difficult urination.
Dietary heat accumulation in the bladder during pregnancy leads to urinary retention and difficulty, also called "Ziman" (Fetal Fullness). Use Gu Xionggui Tang (Ancient Xiong Gui Decoction) plus Akebia Caulis (Mutong), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), and Juncus Effusus (Dengxin). Near term, add Talcum (Huashi) as the sovereign herb. For intense heat, use Wulin San (Five Dysuries Powder).
If the cause is internal injury from sexual exertion damaging the uterine gate, with deficiency in Chong and Ren meridians, use Siwu Tang combined with Liujunzi Tang, or Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill).
In severe cases, constipation of both stool and urine occurs;
Heat accumulation in zang-fu organs causing blockage of stool and urine: use Red Poria (Chifuling) and Aurantii Fructus (Zhike) in equal amounts, Daful Pi (Areca Peel) and Gancao at half dose, decocted with Scallion White (Congbai); or Siwu Tang plus Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Houpo, and Zhike. Heat in the uterus causing urinary retention, heavy body, aversion to cold, and dizziness: use Abutili Semen (Dongkuizi) and Chifuling powdered equally, mixed with rice water.
Zhupao (Displaced Bladder) involves painful urinary retention.
Zhupao refers to the twisting of the bladder ligament, causing acute pain below the umbilicus and urinary retention. It often occurs in those with weak constitution, irritable temperament, or who consume rich foods. During pregnancy, the fetus presses on the bladder, displacing it to one side, twisting the ligament. Lifting the fetus allows the bladder to return and flow to resume. Use Siwu Tang combined with Liujunzi Tang, minus Poria, induce vomiting to lift the fetus. Apply similarly for non-pregnant cases; do not rely solely on slippery/diuretic herbs. For those previously obese who suddenly lose weight with absent Chi pulses, indicating Yin deficiency, use Shenqi Wan. Severe cases: Dongkuizi, Chifuling, and Red Peony Root (Chishao) decocted equally, with a little Ash of Human Hair (Fahui). For heat, use Gu Qinshu Tang combined with Yiyuan San. Another method: hold the pregnant woman upside down; if the fetus does not drop, urine flows naturally. Postpartum bladder displacement or prolapse: crush Scallion White on the navel and moxa; immediate effect. Medicinal treatment is similar to antenatal conditions.
Enuresis with red or white urine requires differentiation.
For enuresis during pregnancy, ancient formulas use Glehniae Radix (Baiwei) and White Peony Root (Baishao) powdered equally, 3 qian per dose, taken with wine. However, differentiate deficiency and heat: red urine indicates heat, treat with Gu Qinshu Tang plus Corni Fructus (Shanzhuyu) and Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi); white urine indicates deficiency, use Antai Yin (Fetus-Soothing Drink) or Jisi Bai San (Chicken Dropping Powder).
Ziyin (Pregnancy Aphonia) involves abdominal rumbling, laughing, and crying.
Sudden loss of voice in the third to fifth month of pregnancy is due to isolation of the uterine collateral vessels. The uterus connects to the Kidney, and the Kidney meridian passes through the tongue; this is not treatable by medicine and resolves spontaneously after delivery. For abdominal sounds like bell ringing or crying: take soil from rat holes in empty houses for many years, powder it, take with wine or hold in mouth. For fetal crying sounds: drink concentrated decoction of Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), or Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) is also good. For Zangzao (Organ Agitation) with sadness, weeping, vomiting, or bleeding: decoct Hordei Fructus Germinatus (Damai), Gancao, and Jujubae Fructus (Zao). For spontaneous laughing/crying: roast Red Dates (Hongzao) until carbonized, mix with rice water.
Smallpox/Rash triggering fetal movement leads to certain death;
If smallpox/rash occurs before delivery, using harsh drugs to trigger fetal movement, depleting blood and qi, results in death. See Smallpox/Rash section.
Various syndromes arise from damp, phlegm, wind, heat, and deficiency; expelling evil and protecting the fetus is the true mantra.
If the pregnant woman's Spleen Earth fails to transport, dampness arises, generating phlegm, then heat, then wind. Zizhong (Fetal Edema) is damp; Ezu (Morning Sickness) is phlegm; Zifen (Fetal Irritability) and Zilin are heat; Zixian is wind; Zixuan (Fetal Distension) is qi stagnation; Zhupao is deficiency. Clear heat, leach out dampness, resolve phlegm, regulate qi, disperse wind, tonify deficiency. Treat complications simultaneously, combining expelling evil and protecting the fetus, ensuring safety for both mother and child.
Dietary taboos must also be known.
Eating chicken with glutinous rice causes the child to develop tapeworms; eating dog meat causes the child to be mute; eating carp with eggs causes skin ulcers; eating rabbit meat causes cleft lip; eating sheep liver causes misfortune; eating turtle meat causes short neck and retracted head; eating duck with mulberries causes breech presentation and cold heart; eating fresh fish with bullfrog causes aphonia; eating sparrow meat with soybean paste causes freckles; eating crab causes transverse lie; eating ginger sprouts causes polydactyly; drinking ice slush causes sterility; eating sparrow meat with alcohol causes promiscuity and shamelessness; eating Colocasia esculenta (Cigu) dissipates fetal qi; eating donkey or horse meat causes post-term difficult labor; eating soybean paste with Huocai causes abortion; eating goat meat causes frequent illness in the child; eating loach, eel, or scaleless fish causes difficult labor; eating various mushrooms causes infantile convulsions and early death; eating sparrow brain causes night blindness. Do not recklessly take herbal decoctions, do not recklessly use acupuncture/moxibustion, do not overdrink, do not lift heavy objects or climb heights.
Great fright in the mother causes epilepsy in the child. Do not sleep too much; walk frequently in small amounts to move and harmonize blood and qi. Do not overexert, causing Kidney Qi deficiency, leading to craniolysis (open fontanelle) and unclosed skull. Keep clothing warm but not too hot, food filling but not too full. If Spleen/Stomach disharmony and Ying/Wei deficiency occur, the child will be emaciated and sickly. Beware.
Changing gender are ancient superstitions.
The sex of the child is determined by the profound mystery of Yin and Yang creation. Ancient methods within two months of conception placed an axe under the bed and hung bow and arrow on the wall, as these are male implements, without letting others know. Skeptics were told that placing an axe under a hen's nest yields only roosters. Thus, prenatal education advises seeing nobles, following this logic.
Wear 1-2 liang of Realgar (Xionghuang) on the left side of the pregnant woman, or Daylily (Xuanhua) is also acceptable. All three methods are effective; choose one. Later theories mention monthly/hourly fetal killing times; while not rigid, doors, beds, and stoves should not be moved lightly. Those seeking heirs should be especially cautious.