身体痛，内伤外感均有之。如身痛而拘急者，外感风寒也。身痛如受杖者，中寒也。身
痛而重坠者，湿也。若劳力辛苦之人，一身酸软无力而痛者，虚也。治法，风则散之，香苏
散。寒则温之，理中汤。湿则燥之，苍白二陈汤。虚则补之，补中益气汤。大抵身痛多属于
寒，盖热主流通，寒主闭塞也。无论风湿与虚，挟寒者多，挟热者少，治者审之。
香苏散 （见太阳证。
理中汤 （见中寒。
苍术二陈汤 （即二陈汤加苍术、白术，见类中。
补中益气汤 （见类中）
肩背痛，古方主以茯苓丸，谓痰饮为患也，而亦有不尽然者。凡背痛多属于风，胸痛多
属于气，气滞则痰凝，脏腑之病也。背为诸 之所伏，凡风邪袭人，必从 入，经络之病也
间有胸痛连背者，气闭其经也。亦有背痛连胸者，风鼓其气也。治胸痛者，理痰气；治背
痛者，祛风邪，此一定之理。理痰气，宜用木香调气散，并前丸。祛风邪，宜用秦艽天麻汤
挟寒者，加桂、附。挟虚者，以补中益气加秦艽、天麻主之。如或风邪痰气，互相鼓煽，
痰饮随风走入经络，而肩臂肿痛，则煎、丸二方，须酌量合用，治无不效矣。
茯苓 半夏（姜汁炒，各二两） 风化硝 枳壳（面炒，各五钱
姜汁糊丸，如桐子大。每服二、三十丸，淡姜汤下。
木香调气散 （见类中。
身体疼痛，内伤和外感疾病都可能出现。如果身体疼痛且伴有拘挛紧急感，是外感风寒所致。身体疼痛如同遭受杖击般剧烈，是中寒所致。身体疼痛且感觉沉重下坠，是湿邪所致。如果是从事体力劳动辛苦的人，全身酸软无力并伴有疼痛，是虚证所致。治疗方法：风邪所致则用发散法，方用香苏散；寒邪所致则用温里法，方用理中汤；湿邪所致则用燥湿法，方用苍白二陈汤（即二陈汤加苍术、白术）；虚证所致则用补益法，方用补中益气汤。大抵身体疼痛多属于寒证，因为热邪主流通，寒邪主闭塞。无论是风湿还是虚证，夹杂寒邪的多，夹杂热邪的少，治疗者应当仔细审察。
肩背部疼痛，古方主张用茯苓丸治疗，认为这是痰饮为患，但情况并非完全如此。凡是背痛多属于风邪，胸痛多属于气滞，气机阻滞则痰液凝结，这是脏腑的疾病。背部是诸阳经所伏之处，凡风邪侵袭人体，必从背部进入，这是经络的疾病。间或有胸痛牵连到背部的，是气机闭塞于经络所致。也有背痛牵连到胸部的，是风邪鼓动气机所致。治疗胸痛，宜调理痰气；治疗背痛，宜祛除风邪，这是一定的道理。调理痰气，适宜使用木香调气散，以及前文提到的茯苓丸。祛除风邪，适宜使用秦艽天麻汤。若夹杂寒邪，加入桂枝、附子；若夹杂虚证，以补中益气汤加秦艽、天麻为主治方。如果风邪与痰气互相鼓动煽惑，痰饮随风邪走入经络，导致肩臂肿胀疼痛，那么煎剂（秦艽天麻汤）和丸剂（茯苓丸）两方，必须酌情合并使用，治疗没有不有效的。
茯苓、半夏（姜汁炒，各二两）、风化硝、枳壳（面炒，各五钱）。将药物制成姜汁糊丸，大小如梧桐子。每次服用二三十丸，用淡姜汤送服。
Body pain may occur in both internal injury and external contraction conditions. If body pain is accompanied by stiffness and tension, it is due to external contraction of Wind-Cold. If body pain feels as severe as if beaten with a staff, it is due to Cold invading the interior (Zhong Han). If body pain is accompanied by a sensation of heaviness and sinking, it is due to Dampness. For those engaged in hard physical labor, if the whole body feels sore, soft, weak, and painful, it is due to Deficiency. The treatment principles are: for Wind, disperse it using Xiangsu San (Perilla and Cyperus Powder); for Cold, warm it using Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction); for Dampness, dry it using Cangbai Erchen Tang (Atractylodes and White Atractylodes Erchen Decoction, i.e., Erchen Decoction plus Cang Zhu and Bai Zhu); for Deficiency, tonify it using Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). Generally, body pain mostly belongs to Cold, because Heat promotes circulation while Cold causes obstruction. Whether it is Wind-Damp or Deficiency, cases complicated by Cold are common, while those complicated by Heat are rare; practitioners should examine this carefully.
Pain in the shoulder and back has traditionally been treated with Fuling Wan (Poria Pill), attributing the condition to Phlegm-Fluid retention, but this is not always the case. Generally, back pain is mostly due to Wind, while chest pain is mostly due to Qi stagnation. Qi stagnation leads to Phlegm condensation, which is a disease of the Zang-Fu organs. The back is where the Yang meridians reside; when Wind pathogen invades the human body, it must enter from the back, constituting a disease of the meridians. Occasionally, chest pain radiates to the back, caused by Qi blockage in the meridians. Conversely, back pain radiates to the chest, caused by Wind stirring up Qi. To treat chest pain, one should regulate Phlegm and Qi, using Muxiang Tiaoqi San (Costus Regulating Qi Powder) along with the aforementioned pill. To treat back pain, one should dispel Wind pathogen, using Qinjiao Tianma Tang (Gastrodia and Gentian Decoction). If complicated by Cold, add Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root); if complicated by Deficiency, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang added with Qinjiao and Tianma as the primary prescription. If Wind pathogen and Phlegm-Qi stir each other up, causing Phlegm-Fluid to follow the Wind into the meridians, resulting in swelling and pain in the shoulder and arm, the decoction and the pill must be used in combination according to the specific situation, and the treatment will invariably be effective.
Fuling (Poria), Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome, stir-fried with ginger juice, 2 liang each), Fenghua Xiao (Weathered Saltpeter), Zhike (Bitter Orange Peel, stir-fried with flour, 5 qian each). Make pills using ginger juice paste, sized like wutong seeds. Take 20-30 pills per dose, washed down with light ginger soup.