今之患中风偏痹等病者,百无一愈,十死其九。非其症俱不治,皆医者误之也。凡古圣
定病
之名,必指其实。各曰中风,则其病属风可知。既为风病,则主病之方,必以治风为本。故
仲景侯氏黑散、风引汤、防己地黄汤,及唐人大小续命等方,皆多用风药,而因症增减。盖
以风入经络,则内风与外风相煽,以致痰火一时壅塞,惟宜先驱其风,继清痰火,而后调其
气血,则经脉可以渐通。今人一见中风等症,即用人参、熟地、附子、肉桂等纯补温热之品
,将风火痰气,尽行补住,轻者变重,重者即死。或有元气未伤,而感邪浅者,亦必迁延时
日,以成偏枯永废之人。此非医者误之耶!或云∶邪之所凑,其气必虚。故补正即所以驱邪
,此大谬也。惟其正虚而邪凑,万当急驱其邪,以卫其正。若更补其邪气,则正气益不能支
矣。即使正气全虚,不能托邪于外,亦宜于驱风药中,少加扶正之品,以助驱邪之力。从未
有纯用温补者。譬之盗贼入室,定当先驱盗贼,而后固其墙垣;未有盗贼未去,而先固其墙
垣者。或云∶补药托邪,犹之增家家人以御盗也。最又不然。盖服纯补这药,断无专补正不
补邪之理,非若家人之专于御盗贼也,是不但不驱盗,并助盗矣。况治病之法,凡久病属虚
,骤病属实。所谓虚者,谓正虚也。所谓实者,谓邪实也;中风乃急暴之症,其为实邪无疑
。天下未有行动如常,忽然大虚而昏仆者,岂可不以实邪治之哉?其中或有属阴虚、阳虚,
感热、感寒之别,则于治风方中,随所现之症加减之。汉唐诸法俱在,可取而观也。故凡中
风之类,苟无中脏之绝症,未有不可治者。余友人患此症者,遵余治法,病一二十年而今尚
无恙者甚多。惟服热补者,无一存者矣。
如今患中风、偏瘫痹阻等疾病的患者,一百个里面没有一个能痊愈的,十个里面有九个死亡。这并不是这些病症都不可治疗,而是全被医生误治了。凡是古代圣人确立的病名,必定是指向疾病的实质。既然称为“中风”,那么可知该病属于风邪致病。既然是风病,那么主治的方剂,必然以治疗风邪为根本。所以张仲景的侯氏黑散、风引汤、防己地黄汤,以及唐代医家的大小续命汤等方剂,都大量使用祛风药物,并根据具体症状进行增减。这是因为风邪侵入经络,会导致内风与外风相互煽动,致使痰火一时壅塞,因此适宜先驱除风邪,继而清除痰火,然后调理气血,这样经脉就可以逐渐通畅。
现在的人一见到中风等症状,就立即使用人参、熟地黄、附子、肉桂等纯补且温热的药物,将风、火、痰、气全部闭塞在体内,轻症因此加重,重症直接导致死亡。或者有的人元气尚未受损,感受的邪气较浅,也必然拖延时日,最终成为终身偏瘫废用之人。这难道不是医生误治吗?有人说:“邪气聚集的地方,正气必定虚弱。所以补益正气就是驱除邪气。”这是极大的错误。正因为正气虚弱而邪气侵袭,才应当紧急驱除邪气,以保护正气。如果反而补益邪气,那么正气更加无法支撑。即使正气完全虚弱,不能托举邪气外出,也应当在祛风药中,少量加入扶助正气的药物,以辅助驱除邪气的力量。从来没有单纯使用温补药物的情况。这就好比盗贼进入室内,必定应当先驱逐盗贼,然后再加固墙垣;没有盗贼还未离去,就先加固墙垣的道理。
又有人说:“用补药托举邪气,就像增加家中人手来抵御盗贼一样。”这更是大错特错。因为服用纯补的药物,绝对没有专门补益正气而不补益邪气的道理,不像家人专门抵御盗贼那样,这样做不仅不驱赶盗贼,反而是在帮助盗贼。况且治病的方法,凡是久病属于虚证,突发急病属于实证。所谓的“虚”,是指正气虚弱;所谓的“实”,是指邪气盛实。中风乃是急骤暴发的病症,它属于实邪是毫无疑问的。天下没有行动如常,突然因极度虚弱而昏倒仆地的,怎么能不用治疗实邪的方法来治疗呢?其中或许有属于阴虚、阳虚,感受热邪、感受寒邪的区别,那么在治疗风的方剂中,根据所显现的症状进行加减即可。汉代和唐代的各种方法都还存在,可以取来参考观察。所以凡是中风的类别,如果没有中脏这种绝症,就没有不可以治疗的。我的朋友中患有此症的,遵循我的治疗方法,患病一二十年到现在还安然无恙的很多。只有服用热性补药的,没有一个存活下来的了。
Currently, among patients suffering from wind-stroke (Zhongfeng), hemiplegia, and bi-syndrome (Pianbi), not one in a hundred recovers, while nine out of ten die. This is not because these conditions are incurable, but entirely due to medical mismanagement. Whenever the ancient sages established disease names, they invariably pointed to the substance of the pathology. Since it is called "wind-stroke," it is evident that the disease belongs to wind-pathogen etiology. Given that it is a wind-disease, the primary formula must be based on treating wind. Therefore, Zhang Zhongjing's Hou Shi Hei San (Black Powder of Hou Shi), Feng Yin Tang (Wind-Guiding Decoction), Fang Ji Di Huang Tang (Stephania and Rehmannia Decoction), as well as the Tang dynasty's Xiao Xu Ming Tang (Minor Continuation of Life Decoction) and Da Xu Ming Tang (Major Continuation of Life Decoction), all make extensive use of wind-dispelling herbs, with modifications according to symptoms. This is because when wind enters the meridians, internal wind and external wind fan each other, causing phlegm-fire to suddenly obstruct the channels. It is appropriate to first expel the wind, then clear the phlegm-fire, and subsequently regulate Qi and blood, so that the meridians can gradually unblock.
Today, upon seeing symptoms of wind-stroke, physicians immediately administer pure tonifying and warming substances such as Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), Fuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix), and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark). These agents completely entrap the wind, fire, phlegm, and Qi. Mild cases become severe, and severe cases result in death. In cases where Yuanqi (Original Qi) is not yet damaged and the pathogenic invasion is shallow, the condition inevitably drags on, resulting in permanent hemiplegia and disability. Is this not medical error? Some argue: "Where pathogenic factors gather, Zhengqi (Upright Qi) must be deficient. Therefore, tonifying Zhengqi is equivalent to expelling pathogens." This is a grave fallacy. Precisely because Zhengqi is deficient and pathogens have gathered, one must urgently expel the pathogens to protect Zhengqi. If one instead tonifies the pathogens, Zhengqi will be even less able to withstand them. Even if Zhengqi is entirely deficient and unable to push pathogens outward, one should add a small amount of Zhengqi-supporting herbs within wind-expelling formulas to assist in expelling pathogens. There has never been a case of using purely warming and tonifying methods alone. Consider this analogy: when thieves enter a house, one must first drive out the thieves before reinforcing the walls; no one reinforces the walls before the thieves have left.
Others claim: "Using tonics to lift pathogens is like adding household members to defend against thieves." This is also incorrect. Purely tonifying herbs certainly do not selectively tonify Zhengqi without also tonifying pathogens, unlike household members who specifically defend against thieves. Such an approach not only fails to expel thieves but actually assists them. Furthermore, regarding treatment principles, chronic diseases belong to deficiency (Xu), while acute/sudden diseases belong to excess (Shi). "Deficiency" refers to Zhengqi deficiency; "Excess" refers to Pathogenic Excess. Wind-stroke is a sudden and violent condition; its nature as a pathogenic excess is beyond doubt. There is no instance in the world where a person acting normally suddenly collapses into unconsciousness due to extreme deficiency. How can it not be treated as a pathogenic excess? Within this category, there may be distinctions between Yin deficiency, Yang deficiency, heat sensation, or cold sensation. In such cases, modifications should be made to wind-treating formulas based on the manifested symptoms. The methods of the Han and Tang dynasties remain available for reference. Thus, for all types of wind-stroke, provided there are no terminal syndromes involving the Zang organs (Zhong Zang), none are untreatable. Among my friends who suffered from this condition, many who followed my treatment methods have remained healthy after twenty years of illness. However, those who took hot tonics have all perished.