将鲜姜种于地中，秋后剖出去皮晒干为干姜；将姜上所生之芽种于地中，秋后剖出其当年所生之姜为生姜。
是以干姜为母姜，生姜为子姜，干姜老而生姜嫩也。为生姜系嫩姜，其味之辛、性之温，皆亚于干姜，而所
具生发之气则优于干姜，故能透表发汗。与大枣同用，善和营卫，盖借大枣之甘缓，不使透表为汗，惟旋转于
营卫之间，而营卫遂因之调和也。其辛散之力，善开痰理气，止呕吐，逐除一切外感不正之气。若但用其皮，
其温性稍减，又善通利小便。能解半夏毒及菌蕈诸物毒。食料中少少加之，可为健胃进食之品。疮家食之，致
生恶肉，不可不知。
附子∶味辛，性大热。为补助元阳之主药，其力能升能降，能内达能外散，凡凝寒锢冷之结于脏腑、着于
筋骨、痹于经络血脉者，皆能开之，通之。而温通之中，又大具收敛之力，故治汗多亡阳（汗多有亡阳亡阴之
殊，亡阳者身凉，亡阴者身热，临证时当审辨。凉亡阳者，宜附子与萸肉、人参并用；热亡阴者，宜生地与萸
肉、人参并用），
肠冷泄泻，下焦阳虚阴走，精寒自遗，论者谓善补命门相火，而服之能使心脉跳动加速，是于君相二火皆能大
有补益也。
种附子于地，其当年旁生者为附子，其原种之附子则成乌头矣。乌头之热力减于附子，而宣通之力较优，
故《金匮》治历节风有乌头汤；治心痛彻背、背痛彻心有乌头赤石脂丸，治寒疝有乌头煎、乌头桂枝汤等方。
若种后不旁生附子，惟原种之本长大，若蒜之独头无瓣者，名谓天雄，为其力不旁溢，故其温补力更大而独能
称雄也。今药局中所鬻之乌附子，其片大而且圆者即是天雄，而其黑色较寻常附子稍重，盖因其力大而色亦稍
变也。附子、乌头、天雄，皆反半夏。
【附案】一少妇上焦满闷烦躁，不能饮食，绕脐板硬，月信两月未见。其脉左右皆弦细。仲景谓双弦者寒，
偏弦者饮，脉象如此，其为上有寒饮、下有寒积无疑。其烦躁者腹中寒气充溢，迫其元阳浮越也。投以理饮汤，
去桂枝加附子三钱，方中芍药改用五钱，一剂满闷烦躁皆见愈。又服一剂能进饮食，且觉腹中凉甚，遂去芍
药将附子改用五钱，后来又将干姜减半，附子加至八钱，服逾十剂，大便日行四五次，所下者多白色冷积，
汤药仍日进一剂，如此五日，冷积泻尽，大便自止。再诊其脉，见有滑象，尺部较甚，疑其有妊，俾停药勿服，
后至期果生子。夫附子原有殒胎之说，此证服附子如此之多，而胎固安然无恙，诚所谓“有故无殒亦无殒也”。
将鲜姜种植于土壤中，秋季收获后剖挖出来，去皮并晒干即成为干姜；将生姜上长出的芽种入土中，秋季收获时挖出当年所生的新姜即为生姜。
因此，干姜是母姜，生姜是子姜，干姜老熟而生姜鲜嫩。因为生姜属于嫩姜，其味道的辛烈程度和性质的温热程度，都低于干姜，但其所具备的生发之气却优于干姜，所以能够透达肌表并发汗。与红枣同用时，善于调和营卫（营气与卫气），大概是借助红枣的甘缓之性，防止药力透表化为汗水过快流失，而是让药气在营卫之间旋转运行，从而使营卫得以调和。生姜的辛散之力，善于开通痰浊、调理气机，止住呕吐，驱除一切外感邪气。如果只使用姜皮，其温性会稍减，但又善于通利小便。生姜能解除半夏的毒性以及菌类等各种食物的毒性。在饮食调料中少量加入，可作为健胃增进食欲的食材。患有疮疡的人食用它，会导致生出恶肉（不良组织），这一点不可不知道。
附子：味道辛，性质大热。它是补助元阳（人体根本阳气）的主要药物，其力量既能上升又能下降，既能内达脏腑又能外散体表，凡是凝结在脏腑、附着于筋骨、阻滞于经络血脉中的凝寒锢冷之邪，都能将其打开、疏通。而且在温通之中，又具有强大的收敛作用，所以治疗汗多导致亡阳（出汗过多有亡阳和亡阴的区别，亡阳表现为身体发凉，亡阴表现为身体发热，临证时需要仔细辨别。如果是因凉而亡阳，适宜用附子配合山茱萸、人参一起使用；如果是因热而亡阴，适宜用生地黄配合山茱萸、人参一起使用）、肠道寒冷引起的泄泻、下焦阳虚导致阴寒之气游走、精液寒冷导致的遗精。评论者认为它善于补益命门相火（肾阳），服用后能使心脉跳动加速，这说明它对君火（心火）和相火（肾阳）都有大的补益作用。
将附子种子种在地里，当年旁边生长出来的称为附子，原来的母种附子则变成了乌头。乌头的热力比附子弱，但宣通的力量较优，所以《金匮要略》治疗历节风（一种关节疼痛剧烈的疾病）有用乌头汤；治疗心痛放射到背部、背痛放射到心胸部位有用乌头赤石脂丸；治疗寒疝（因寒邪引起的腹痛）有用乌头煎、乌头桂枝汤等方剂。如果种植后旁边不生长附子，只有原种的本体长大，像大蒜独头无瓣那样，名叫天雄，因为它的药力不旁溢分散，所以它的温补力量更大，独自能称雄。现在药店出售的乌头和附子中，片大且圆的就是天雄，而且颜色比寻常附子稍黑，大概是因为药力大而颜色也稍有变化。附子、乌头、天雄，都与半夏相反（十八反）。
【医案】一位少妇感到上焦满闷烦躁，不能进食，肚脐周围板硬，月经两个月没来。她的脉搏左右两边都呈现弦细象。张仲景说双弦脉主寒，偏弦脉主饮，脉象如此，这肯定是上有寒饮、下有寒积无疑。她的烦躁是因为腹中寒气充溢，逼迫元阳浮越所致。投用理饮汤，去掉桂枝，加入三钱附子，方中的芍药改用五钱，服一剂后满闷烦躁都见好转。又服一剂能进食了，而且觉得腹中很凉，于是去掉芍药，将附子改用五钱，后来又将干姜减半，附子加至八钱，服用超过十剂后，大便每天行四五次，排出的多是白色的冷积，汤药仍每日一剂，这样持续五天，冷积泻尽，大便自然停止。再诊脉，见到滑象，尺部尤为明显，怀疑她怀孕，让她停药不服，到了预产期果然生了孩子。附子原本有堕胎的说法，这个病例服用这么多附子，而胎儿依然安然无恙，这真是所谓“有故无殒，亦无殒也”（有病则病受之，不会伤害母体和胎儿）。
Plant fresh ginger in the soil. After autumn, dig it up, peel off the skin, and dry it to obtain Ganjiang (Dried Ginger). Plant the sprouts growing on the ginger in the soil. After autumn, dig them up to harvest the new ginger grown that year, which is called Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger).
Therefore, Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) is the mother ginger, and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) is the offspring ginger; Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) is old and mature, while Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) is tender and young. Since Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) is tender ginger, its pungent taste and warm nature are inferior to those of Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), but its vitalizing and ascending qi is superior to that of Ganjiang (Dried Ginger). Thus, it can penetrate the exterior and induce sweating. When used together with Dazao (Jujube), it is good at harmonizing Ying-Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi). This is likely due to borrowing the sweet and moderating property of Dazao (Jujube) to prevent the medicine from penetrating the exterior too quickly as sweat, allowing it instead to circulate between Ying and Wei, thereby harmonizing them. The pungent dispersing power of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) is good at opening phlegm and regulating Qi, stopping vomiting, and expelling all kinds of external pathogenic factors. If only the peel of the ginger is used, its warming property is slightly reduced, but it becomes good at promoting urination. It can resolve the toxicity of Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and various toxic mushrooms or foods. Added in small amounts to food seasonings, it can serve as a stomach-strengthening and appetite-enhancing ingredient. Those suffering from sores and ulcers should be aware that consuming it may lead to the growth of malignant flesh (bad tissue).
Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root): Pungent in taste, extremely hot in nature. It is the primary herb for supplementing Yuan Yang (Primal Yang). Its force can ascend and descend, reach internally and disperse externally. It can open and unblock any congealed cold and entrenched chill accumulated in the Zang-Fu organs, adhering to the sinews and bones, or obstructing the meridians and blood vessels. Within its warming and unblocking action, it also possesses strong astringent properties. Therefore, it treats excessive sweating leading to Wang Yang (Collapse of Yang) (Note: Excessive sweating can lead to either Collapse of Yang or Collapse of Yin. Collapse of Yang presents with a cool body, while Collapse of Yin presents with a hot body; these must be carefully distinguished clinically. For collapse of Yang due to cold, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) should be combined with Yurou (Corni Fructus) and Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma); for collapse of Yin due to heat, Shengdi Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) should be combined with Yurou (Corni Fructus) and Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)), cold intestines causing diarrhea, deficiency of Yang in the Lower Jiao leading to wandering of Yin, and cold essence causing spontaneous emission. Commentators state that it is good at supplementing Mingmen Xiang Huo (Ministerial Fire of the Gate of Life). Taking it can accelerate heart pulse beating, indicating that it greatly benefits both Jun Huo (Monarch Fire/Heart Fire) and Xiang Huo (Ministerial Fire/Kidney Yang).
When planted in the ground, the lateral roots growing from the original seed in the same year are called Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root), while the original seed itself becomes Wutou (Aconiti Radix). The heating power of Wutou (Aconiti Radix) is less than that of Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root), but its dispersing and unblocking power is superior. Therefore, in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet), Wutou Tang (Cocklebur Decoction) is used to treat Li Jie Feng (Joint Bi Syndrome characterized by severe pain); Wutou Chishizhi Wan (Aconite and Red Talc Pill) is used for chest pain radiating to the back and back pain radiating to the chest; and Wutou Jian (Aconite Decoction) and Wutou Guizhi Tang (Aconite and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) are used for Han Shan (Cold Hernia). If no lateral roots grow after planting, and only the main root grows large, resembling a single-clove garlic without cloves, it is named Tianxiong (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata). Because its force does not spread laterally, its warming and tonifying power is greater, allowing it to stand alone as "Tianxiong" (Heavenly Hero). The Wutou (Aconiti Radix) and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) sold in pharmacies today, which are large and round slices, are indeed Tianxiong (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata). They are slightly darker in color than ordinary Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root), likely because their potent force causes a slight change in color. Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root), Wutou (Aconiti Radix), and Tianxiong (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) are all incompatible with Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma).
[Medical Case] A young woman complained of fullness and irritability in the Upper Jiao, inability to eat, hardness around the umbilicus, and amenorrhea for two months. Her pulses were wiry and thin on both sides. Zhang Zhongjing stated that a double wiry pulse indicates Cold, and a single wiry pulse indicates Fluid retention. Given this pulse presentation, there is undoubtedly Cold-Fluid above and Cold accumulation below. Her irritability is caused by Cold Qi overflowing in the abdomen, forcing Yuan Yang (Primal Yang) to float upward. She was prescribed Li Yin Tang (Regulate Fluids Decoction), with Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) removed and 3 qian of Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) added. Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) in the formula was changed to 5 qian. After one dose, the fullness and irritability improved significantly. After another dose, she could eat and felt significant coldness in her abdomen. Consequently, Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) was removed, and the dosage of Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) was increased to 5 qian. Later, Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) was halved, and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) was increased to 8 qian. After taking more than ten doses, she had bowel movements four to five times daily, passing mostly white, cold accumulations. The decoction continued to be taken once daily. After five days of this regimen, the cold accumulations were completely expelled, and bowel movements stopped naturally. Upon re-examination, her pulse showed a slippery quality, particularly pronounced in the Chi (Cun) position, suggesting pregnancy. She was advised to stop medication. She eventually gave birth at the expected time. Although Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) is traditionally said to cause miscarriage, in this case, despite taking such a large amount, the fetus remained safe and sound. This truly exemplifies the principle: "If there is an existing pathology, there will be no harm [to the healthy body], nor will there be harm [to the fetus]" (You gu wu yun, yi wu yun ye).