汤其表已解，而犹不清楚者，在经余邪未尽耳。十二日经尽之时，余邪尽，自然愈也
。
【集注】
魏荔彤曰：此条申明太阳中风病愈后，风邪留滞之证，应听其自愈也。
太阳病，头痛，发热，汗出，恶风者，桂枝汤主之〔重出衍文〕。桂枝本为解肌，若
其人脉浮紧，发热，汗不出者，不可与也，常须识此，勿令误也。
【注】
夫桂枝汤，本为解肌，中风表虚之药也。若其人脉浮紧，发热汗不出者，乃伤寒表实
之病，不可与也。当须识此为麻黄汤证，必令误与桂枝汤也。
【集注】
程应旄曰：可与、不可与，在毫厘疑似之间，误多失之于仓卒，须常将荣卫之分别处
，两两互勘，阴阳不悖，虚实了然。不以桂枝误治脉浮紧汗不出之伤寒，自不致以麻
黄误治脉浮缓汗自出之中风矣。
若酒客病，不可与桂枝汤，得之则呕，以酒客不喜甘故也。
【注】
酒客，谓好饮之人也。酒客病、谓过饮而病也。其病之状，头痛、发热、汗出、呕吐
，乃湿热薰蒸使然，非风邪也。若误与桂枝汤服之则呕，以酒客不喜甘故也。
【集注】
成无己曰：酒客内热，喜辛而恶甘。桂枝汤甘，酒客得之，则中烦而呕。
凡服桂枝汤吐者，其后必吐脓血也。
【注】
凡酒客得桂枝汤而呕者，以辛甘之品，能动热助涌故也。若其人内热素盛，服桂枝汤
又不实时呕出，则益助其热，所以其后必吐脓血也。然亦有不吐脓血者，则是所伤者
轻，而热不甚也。
【集注】
刘宏璧曰：桂枝气味甚簿，酒客不可与者，举一以例其余也。庸工不得其解，每遇热
盛之人，但去桂枝，于甘辛极热之类，全无顾忌，仲景岂意后人如此之愚哉！即如产
后不宜寒凉，所以举一白芍之味酸微寒者以示戒，今祗知除去白芍，于三黄寒凉等药
，反恣用无忌。殊不知圣人一语，该括无穷，味薄者尚不可与，其味厚者可知；微寒
者既在宜禁，而大寒者尤所当戒。世俗不能引申触类，徒以卤莽减裂为事，可见上古
医书，非精详玩味，乌能有得耶！
太阳病，发汗，遂漏不止，其人恶风，小便难，四肢微急，难以屈伸者，桂枝加附子
汤主之。
【注】
太阳中风，本当解肌，若大发其汗，如水流漓，因而遂漏不止，其人必腠理大开，表
阳不固，故恶风也。液伤于内，膀胱津少，故小便难也。液伤于外，复加风袭，故四
肢微急，难以屈伸也。宜桂枝加附子汤主之。服根据桂枝汤法者，是于固阳敛液中，和
荣卫解风邪也。
【集注】
方有执曰：此太阳中风误汗之变证。小便难者，以汗漏不止，必亡阳、亡津液。亡阳
则气不足，亡津液则水道枯竭。且小便者，膀胱所司也。膀胱本太阳经，而为诸阳主
气，气不足则化不行矣。
程知曰：此阳气与阴液两亡，复加外风袭入，与真武证微细有别，真武汤是救里寒亡
阳之失，急于回阳者；桂枝加附子汤是救表寒漏风之失，急于温经者。
汤剂服用后，表证已解除，但症状仍不清晰者，是因为经络中残留的邪气尚未完全清除。等到十二日经气运行完毕之时，残留的邪气尽除，疾病自然痊愈。
【集注】
魏荔彤说：这一条阐明了太阳中风病痊愈后，风邪留滞体内的证候，应当听任其自行痊愈。
太阳病，出现头痛、发热、汗出、恶风的症状，应用桂枝汤主治〔此处为重出衍文〕。桂枝汤本是用来解肌表的，如果病人脉象浮紧、发热、无汗，则不可给予此方，必须时刻牢记这一点，不要犯错误。
【注】
桂枝汤，本是用于解肌表的药物，是治疗中风表虚证的方剂。如果病人脉象浮紧、发热且无汗，这是伤寒表实证，不可给予桂枝汤。应当认识到这是麻黄汤的适应证，务必防止误用桂枝汤。
【集注】
程应旄说：可用与不可用，往往在毫厘疑似之间，错误多因仓促所致。必须经常将营卫的区别之处，相互对照考察，使阴阳不悖逆，虚实了然于心。这样就不会用桂枝汤误治脉浮紧、无汗的伤寒，也不会用麻黄汤误治脉浮缓、自汗出的中风了。
如果是嗜酒之人患病，不可给予桂枝汤，服用后会导致呕吐，因为嗜酒之人不喜欢甘味。
【注】
“酒客”，指喜好饮酒的人。“酒客病”，指因过度饮酒而导致的疾病。其病症表现为头痛、发热、汗出、呕吐，这是由于湿热熏蒸所致，并非风邪引起。如果误服桂枝汤，就会引起呕吐，因为嗜酒之人不喜欢甘味。
【集注】
成无己说：嗜酒之人体内有热，喜欢辛味而厌恶甘味。桂枝汤味甘，嗜酒之人服用后，会导致心中烦闷并呕吐。
【注】
凡是嗜酒之人服用桂枝汤而呕吐的，是因为辛甘之品能助热引发涌吐。如果此人素来内热炽盛，服用桂枝汤后没有立即呕吐出来，那么药性就会进一步助长热势，所以其后必定会吐出脓血。然而也有不吐脓血的，这是因为受伤较轻，热势不严重。
【集注】
刘宏璧说：桂枝气味淡薄，对嗜酒之人不可使用桂枝汤，这是举一例以说明其余情况。庸医不懂其中的道理，每当遇到热盛之人，只是去掉桂枝，对于其他甘辛极热的药物却毫无顾忌，张仲景哪里料想到后人如此愚笨呢！就像产后不宜使用寒凉药物，所以举出白芍这味酸微寒的药以示警戒，如今只知道除去白芍，对于三黄等大寒凉的药物，反而肆意使用毫无禁忌。殊不知圣人的一句话，概括了无穷的道理，气味淡薄的尚且不可使用，气味厚重的可想而知；微寒的既然在禁忌之列，大寒的就更应当戒除。世俗之人不能引申触类旁通，只图鲁莽地删减分裂，可见上古的医书，如果不精心详细地玩味研究，怎么能有收获呢！
太阳病，经过发汗治疗后，导致汗漏不止，病人怕风，小便困难，四肢轻微拘急，难以屈伸的，应用桂枝加附子汤主治。
【注】
太阳中风，本应当使用解肌的方法，如果大发其汗，像水流漓一样，因而导致汗漏不止，病人的腠理必然大开，表阳不固，所以怕风。津液在内受损，膀胱津液减少，所以小便困难。津液在外受损，再加上风邪侵袭，所以四肢轻微拘急，难以屈伸。应当用桂枝加附子汤主治。服药遵循桂枝汤的方法，这是在固护阳气、收敛津液的同时，调和营卫、解除风邪。
【集注】
方有执说：这是太阳中风误用发汗法导致的变证。小便困难，是因为汗漏不止，必然导致亡阳、亡失津液。亡阳则气不足，亡失津液则水道枯竭。而且小便由膀胱所主管。膀胱本属太阳经，又是诸阳主气的脏腑，气不足则气化不行。
程知说：这是阳气与阴液两伤，又加上外风侵袭，与真武汤证的细微差别在于：真武汤是救治里寒亡阳的失误，急于回阳；桂枝加附子汤是救治表寒漏风的失误，急于温经。
After the decoction is taken, if the exterior syndrome has been resolved but symptoms remain unclear, it is because residual pathogenic factors in the meridians have not yet completely cleared. When the twelve-day cycle of meridian circulation concludes, the residual pathogens will be exhausted, and the disease will naturally heal.
[Ji Zhu]
Wei Litong states: This clause elucidates the condition where wind pathogens linger after the recovery from Taiyang Wind Strike (Taiyang Fengzhong), and one should allow it to heal spontaneously.
In Taiyang Disease, characterized by headache, fever, sweating, and aversion to wind, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is the primary treatment [This passage is a redundant repetition]. Guizhi Tang is originally intended to resolve the muscle layer; however, if the patient presents with a floating and tight pulse, fever, and absence of sweating, it must not be administered. One must always keep this in mind to avoid errors.
[Note]
Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is originally a medicine for resolving the muscle layer, suitable for treating Exterior Deficiency patterns of Wind Strike. If the patient presents with a floating and tight pulse, fever, and no sweating, this constitutes an Exterior Excess pattern of Cold Damage (Shanghan), and Guizhi Tang must not be given. One must recognize this as an indication for Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) and ensure that Guizhi Tang is not mistakenly administered.
[Ji Zhu]
Cheng Yingmao states: The distinction between what can and cannot be used lies in subtle similarities. Errors often arise from haste. One must frequently compare the distinctions between Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, ensuring Yin and Yang do not contradict each other and that Deficiency and Excess are clear. In this way, one will not mistakenly use Guizhi Tang to treat Cold Damage with a floating-tight pulse and no sweat, nor will one mistakenly use Mahuang Tang to treat Wind Strike with a floating-slow pulse and spontaneous sweating.
If a person who habitually drinks alcohol falls ill, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) must not be given; doing so will cause vomiting, because such individuals dislike sweet flavors.
[Note]
"Jiu Ke" refers to those who enjoy drinking. "Jiu Ke Bing" refers to illness caused by excessive drinking. The symptoms include headache, fever, sweating, and vomiting, which result from damp-heat steaming, not from wind pathogens. If Guizhi Tang is mistakenly administered, it will induce vomiting because those accustomed to alcohol dislike sweet flavors.
[Ji Zhu]
Cheng Wuji states: Individuals with internal heat from alcohol consumption prefer pungent flavors and dislike sweet ones. Since Guizhi Tang is sweet, its administration to such individuals causes internal vexation and vomiting.
For anyone who vomits after taking Guizhi Tang, they will subsequently vomit pus and blood.
[Note]
When individuals who drink alcohol vomit after taking Guizhi Tang, it is because the pungent and sweet properties stimulate heat and induce upward surging. If the person already has abundant internal heat and does not vomit immediately after taking the decoction, the medicine will further exacerbate the heat, leading to subsequent vomiting of pus and blood. However, some may not vomit pus and blood; this indicates that the injury was mild and the heat was not severe.
[Ji Zhu]
Liu Hongbi states: Guizhi has a light flavor; stating that it should not be given to alcoholics serves as an example for other cases. Unskilled physicians fail to understand this principle. Whenever they encounter patients with intense heat, they merely remove Guizhi but show no caution regarding other extremely hot and pungent-sweet substances. Did Zhang Zhongjing ever imagine his successors would be so foolish? For instance, cold and cooling herbs are generally contraindicated postpartum; thus, Baishao (White Peony Root), which is sour and slightly cold, is cited as a warning. Today, people only know to remove Baishao but recklessly use heavy cold herbs like Sanhuang (Three Yellows). They fail to realize that the Sage's words encompass infinite principles: if herbs with light flavors are contraindicated, those with heavy flavors are even more so; if slightly cold herbs are prohibited, heavily cold herbs are strictly forbidden. Laypeople fail to extend these principles through analogy, content only with reckless reduction and fragmentation. This shows that ancient medical texts require careful study and contemplation to yield true understanding.
In Taiyang Disease, if excessive sweating leads to continuous leakage of sweat, accompanied by aversion to wind, difficulty in urination, slight stiffness of the four limbs making flexion and extension difficult, Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Guizhi Decoction with Added Aconite Root) is the primary treatment.
[Note]
In Taiyang Wind Strike, the proper approach is to resolve the muscle layer. If excessive sweating is induced, causing sweat to flow profusely and leak continuously, the pores become widely open, and the Exterior Yang fails to secure the surface, resulting in aversion to wind. Internal fluid damage reduces bladder fluids, causing difficulty in urination. External fluid damage, combined with wind invasion, causes slight stiffness of the limbs, making movement difficult. Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Guizhi Decoction with Added Aconite Root) should be used. Following the administration method of Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) consolidates Yang, astringes fluids, harmonizes Ying and Wei, and resolves wind pathogens.
[Ji Zhu]
Fang Youzhi states: This is a complication arising from the mistaken use of sweating therapy in Taiyang Wind Strike. Difficulty in urination occurs because continuous sweating leads to loss of Yang and depletion of body fluids. Loss of Yang results in Qi deficiency, while depletion of fluids dries up the water passages. Urination is governed by the Bladder. The Bladder belongs to the Taiyang Meridian and governs the Qi of all Yang channels; when Qi is deficient, transformation and transportation fail.
Cheng Zhi states: This condition involves the simultaneous loss of Yang Qi and Yin fluids, compounded by external wind invasion. It differs subtly from the Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) pattern. Zhenwu Tang is used to rescue interior cold and lost Yang, prioritizing the return of Yang; Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Guizhi Decoction with Added Aconite Root) is used to rescue exterior cold and leaking wind, prioritizing the warming of the meridians.