硝石 矾石（烧）等分
右二味为散，以大麦粥汁，和服方寸匕，日三服。病随大小便去，小便正黄，大便正
黑，是候也。
@@@
男子黄，小便自利，当与虚劳小建中汤。
【注】
妇人产后经崩，发黄色者，乃脱血之黄色，非黄疸也。今男子黄而小便自利，则知非
湿热发黄也。询知其人必有失血亡血之故，以致虚黄之色外现。斯时汗、下、渗、利
之法俱不可施，惟当与虚劳失血同治，故以小建中汤调养荣卫，黄自愈矣。
【集注】
高世栻曰：女为阴，男为阳，阴主血，阳主气，男子黄阳气虚也，黄者土之色，阳气
虚而土色外呈，中无湿热，故小便自利，此为虚也，故当以小建中汤和其阴阳，调其
血气也。本论『血痹虚劳篇』有小建中汤主治虚劳，故曰：虚劳小建中。意谓此男子
黄而小便利，亦为虚劳之证云尔。
（见虚劳中）
@@@
酒黄疸，或无热谵言，小腹满欲吐，鼻燥。其脉浮者，先吐之；沉弦者，先下之。
【注】
此详申酒疸之为病也。酒体湿而性热，过饮之人必生湿热为疸病也。无热，无外热也
；谵语、鼻燥，有内热也；小腹满，湿热蓄于膀胱也；欲吐，湿热酿于胃中也。其脉
浮者，酒热在经，先吐之以解外也；沉弦者酒饮在里，先下之以解内也。
【集注】
李□曰：胃足阳明之脉，起于鼻之交頞中，故鼻燥也。
@@@
夫病酒黄疸，必小便不利，其候心中热，足下热，是其证也。
【注】
此详酒疸之病，湿热生也，必小便不利。其候心中热，胃府热也，足下热，胃经热也
。是其酒疸之证也。
【集注】
程林曰：夫小便利则湿热行，不利则湿留于胃，胃脉贯膈下足跗，上熏胃脘则心中热
，下注足跗，则足下热也。
@@@
酒疸，心中热，欲吐者，吐之愈。
【注】
此详申酒疸宜吐之治也。酒疸心中热欲吐者，谓胃中烦乱懊□欲吐，非吐之不能愈也
。
【集注】
程林曰：后证热深则懊□欲吐，今微热则心中热亦欲吐，病属上焦，故吐之可愈也。
@@@
酒黄疸，心中懊□，或热痛，栀子大黄汤主之。
【注】
此详申酒疸宜下之治也。酒黄疸，谓因饮酒过度而成黄疸也。心中懊□欲吐，或自吐
之而愈，或服栀子豉汤吐之而愈，皆可也。若心中懊□不欲吐，或心中热痛，皆非吐
之可愈，故以栀子大黄汤下之愈也。
硝石与矾石（经煅烧处理）各取等量。
将上述两味药研成细散，用大麦粥的汁液调和，每次服用一方寸匕，每日服用三次。病邪随大小便排出体外，小便颜色变为正黄色，大便颜色变为正黑色，这是病愈的征候。
@@@
男子出现面色发黄，且小便通畅自利，应当给予治疗虚劳的小建中汤。
【注】
妇女在产后或月经崩漏后，出现面色发黄者，属于失血导致的萎黄，并非黄疸病。如今男子面色发黄且小便自利，由此可知并非湿热蕴结所致的发黄。询问得知此人必有失血或亡血的病史，从而导致虚黄之色外现于体表。此时发汗、攻下、渗湿、利尿等治法均不可使用，只应当按照治疗虚劳失血的方法同治，因此使用小建中汤来调养营卫之气，黄色自然就会消退痊愈。
【集注】
高世栻说：女性属阴，男性属阳；阴主血，阳主气。男子面色发黄是阳气虚弱所致。黄色是土的颜色，阳气虚弱则土色外露，由于中焦没有湿热，所以小便通利，这属于虚证，因此应当用小建中汤来调和阴阳，调理血气。《伤寒论》中的“血痹虚劳篇”记载了小建中汤主治虚劳，所以说：“虚劳小建中”。意思是这位男子面色发黄且小便通利，也是虚劳病的证候。
（参见虚劳病章节）
@@@
酒疸病患者，或者没有身热但胡言乱语，小腹胀满想呕吐，鼻干燥。如果脉象浮，先用吐法；如果脉象沉弦，先用下法。
【注】
此处详细阐述酒疸这种疾病的成因。酒的性质是湿而性热，饮酒过度的人必然产生湿热从而形成疸病。“无热”指没有体表发热；“谵语、鼻燥”，说明体内有热；“小腹满”，是湿热蓄积在膀胱；“欲吐”，是湿热酝酿在胃中。如果脉象浮，说明酒热在经络肌表，先用吐法以解除表邪；如果脉象沉弦，说明酒饮停留在体内脏腑，先用下法以解除里邪。
【集注】
李□说：足阳明胃经的经脉，起于鼻翼两侧交汇于鼻根处，所以会出现鼻燥的症状。
@@@
凡是患酒疸病的人，必然小便不通利，其征候是心中烦热，脚心发热，这就是该病的证候。
【注】
此处详细阐述酒疸病是由湿热产生的，必然导致小便不通利。其征候心中烦热，是胃腑有热；脚心发热，是胃经有热。这就是酒疸病的证候。
【集注】
程林说：如果小便通利，则湿热得以运行；如果不通利，则湿气留滞于胃。胃经的脉络贯穿膈肌下行至足背，热气上熏胃脘则心中烦热，热气下注足背则脚心发热。
@@@
酒疸病，心中烦热，想要呕吐的，通过催吐可以痊愈。
【注】
此处详细阐述酒疸病适宜用吐法治疗的情况。酒疸病心中烦热想要呕吐，是指胃中烦闷懊恼想要呕吐，如果不是通过呕吐，就不能痊愈。
【集注】
程林说：后面的证候热邪深重则懊恼欲吐，现在热邪轻微则心中烦热也欲吐，病位属于上焦，所以通过吐法可以痊愈。
@@@
酒疸病，心中懊恼烦闷，或者伴有热痛，用栀子大黄汤主治。
【注】
此处详细阐述酒疸病适宜用下法治疗的情况。酒疸病，是指因饮酒过度而形成的黄疸病。心中懊恼烦闷想要呕吐，或者自行呕吐后痊愈，或者服用栀子豉汤催吐后痊愈，都是可以的。如果心中懊恼烦闷但不想呕吐，或者心中热痛，都不是通过吐法可以痊愈的，所以用栀子大黄汤通过泻下的方法使其痊愈。
Nixiao (Nitrum) and Fanshi (Alumen, calcined) in equal parts.
Grind the above two substances into a powder. Mix with barley gruel juice and administer one fangcunbi (a square-inch measure) per dose, three times daily. The pathogenic factors are expelled through urination and defecation; when urine becomes distinctly yellow and stool turns distinctly black, this indicates the signs of recovery.
@@@
In men presenting with jaundice (yellowing of the skin) and spontaneous, free urination, treat with Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction) for deficiency exhaustion.
[Annotation]
For women, yellowing of the complexion occurring after childbirth or during uterine bleeding is due to blood loss and is not jaundice. In the case of men with yellowing of the complexion and free urination, it can be deduced that this is not jaundice caused by damp-heat. Inquiry reveals a history of blood loss or hemorrhage, leading to the external manifestation of deficiency-yellow color. At this time, methods such as sweating, purging, draining, and promoting diuresis are all contraindicated. Treatment should follow the same principles as for deficiency exhaustion and blood loss; therefore, Xiao Jianzhong Tang is used to nourish Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi), and the yellowing will heal spontaneously.
[Collected Annotations]
Gao Shishi stated: Women belong to Yin, men to Yang; Yin governs Blood, and Yang governs Qi. Yellowing in men indicates deficiency of Yang Qi. Yellow is the color of Earth; when Yang Qi is deficient, the color of Earth manifests externally. Since there is no damp-heat in the middle jiao, urination is free. This is a deficiency pattern, so Xiao Jianzhong Tang should be used to harmonize Yin and Yang and regulate Blood and Qi. The "Blood Bi and Deficiency Exhaustion Chapter" of this treatise states that Xiao Jianzhong Tang treats deficiency exhaustion; hence it says "Deficiency Exhaustion Xiao Jianzhong." It implies that this man's jaundice with free urination is also a syndrome of deficiency exhaustion.
(See the chapter on Deficiency Exhaustion)
@@@
In alcoholic jaundice, if there is no fever but delirious speech, abdominal fullness, desire to vomit, and dry nose: if the pulse is floating, first use emesis; if the pulse is deep and wiry, first use purgation.
[Annotation]
This elaborates on the pathology of alcoholic jaundice. Wine is damp in nature and hot in property; excessive drinking inevitably generates damp-heat, leading to jaundice. "No fever" refers to the absence of exterior heat; "delirium and dry nose" indicate interior heat; "abdominal fullness" indicates damp-heat accumulating in the Bladder; "desire to vomit" indicates damp-heat fermenting in the Stomach. If the pulse is floating, the wine-heat is in the meridians/exterior, so emesis is used first to resolve the exterior; if the pulse is deep and wiry, the wine-dampness is in the interior, so purgation is used first to resolve the interior.
[Collected Annotations]
Li [Name obscured] stated: The Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian originates at the side of the nose and intersects at the root of the nose; thus, dry nose occurs.
@@@
Regarding alcoholic jaundice, there must be difficult urination. The signs are heat in the heart/chest and heat under the feet; these constitute the syndrome.
[Annotation]
This elaborates that alcoholic jaundice arises from damp-heat and necessarily involves difficult urination. Heat in the heart/chest indicates heat in the Stomach Fu organ; heat under the feet indicates heat in the Stomach Meridian. These are the syndromes of alcoholic jaundice.
[Collected Annotations]
Cheng Lin stated: If urination is free, damp-heat moves; if not free, dampness remains in the Stomach. The Stomach Meridian passes through the diaphragm and descends to the dorsum of the foot. Heat steaming upward to the stomach region causes heat in the heart/chest; heat pouring downward to the dorsum of the foot causes heat under the feet.
@@@
In alcoholic jaundice, if there is heat in the heart/chest and a desire to vomit, emesis will cure it.
[Annotation]
This elaborates on the treatment of alcoholic jaundice using emesis. When alcoholic jaundice presents with heat in the heart/chest and a desire to vomit, it means there is vexation and restlessness in the stomach with a desire to vomit; without vomiting, it cannot be cured.
[Collected Annotations]
Cheng Lin stated: In later stages, deep heat causes vexation and desire to vomit; currently, mild heat causes heat in the heart/chest and desire to vomit. Since the disease belongs to the Upper Jiao, emesis can cure it.
@@@
In alcoholic jaundice, if there is mental vexation and restlessness (Ao Nan) or painful heat, Zhi Zi Da Huang Tang (Gardenia and Rhubarb Decoction) is the primary formula.
[Annotation]
This elaborates on the treatment of alcoholic jaundice using purgation. Alcoholic jaundice refers to jaundice formed due to excessive alcohol consumption. Mental vexation and restlessness with a desire to vomit may resolve through spontaneous vomiting or by taking Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) to induce vomiting. However, if there is mental vexation and restlessness without a desire to vomit, or if there is painful heat in the heart/chest, emesis will not cure it; therefore, Zhi Zhong Da Huang Tang is used to cure it via purgation.