问曰：病欬逆，脉之，何以知此为「肺痿」肺痈？当有脓血，吐之则死，其脉何类？
师曰：寸口脉「浮」〔微〕而数，「浮」〔微〕则为风，数则为热，「浮」〔微〕则
汗出，数则恶寒。风中于卫，呼气不入；热过于荣，吸而不出。风伤皮毛，热伤血脉
。风舍于肺，其人则咳，口干，喘满，咽燥不渴，时唾浊沫，时时振寒。热之所过，
血为之凝滞，畜结痈脓，吐如米粥。始萌可救，脓成则死。
【按】
肺痈之上，当有「肺痿」二字，不然本文论肺痿之义，则无着落，必是脱简，当补之
。脉微之三「微」字，当是三「浮」字，始与文气相属，当改之。
「火」〔大〕逆上气，咽喉不利，止逆下气者，麦门冬汤主之。
【按】
大逆上气之「大」字，当是「火」字，文义病药始相属，当改之。
腹满时减，复如故，此为寒，当与温药「，宜厚朴生姜甘草半夏人参汤主之」。
【按】
此篇无治虚寒腹满之方，当与温药之下，当有「宜厚朴生姜甘草半夏人参汤主之」十
四字，必是脱简。阅『伤寒论·太阴篇』自知，当补之。
病者痿黄，「燥」〔躁〕而不渴，「胃」〔胸〕中寒实，而利不止者死。
【按】
躁而不渴当是「燥而不渴」，文气通顺。胸中寒实当是「胃中寒实」，若是胸中寒实
，如何曰下利不止者死，当改之。
〔其脉数而紧，乃弦，状如弓弦，按之不移，脉弦数者，〕〔当下其寒；〕脉紧大而
迟者，必心下坚，「当下其寒，」脉大而紧者，阳中有阴，可下之。
【按】
「其脉数而紧，乃弦，状如弓弦，按之不移，脉数弦者」之十九字，当是衍文，阅『
伤寒论·辨脉法』自知，删之。「当下其寒」四字，当在必心下坚之下，文义始属，
当移之。
□下「满」〔偏〕痛，发热，其脉紧弦，此寒也，以温药下之，宜大黄附子汤。
【按】
□下偏痛之「偏」字，当是「满」字，当改之。
按之心下满痛「有潮热」者，此为实也，当下之，宜大柴胡汤。
【按】
「按之心下满痛」之下，当有「有潮热」三字，若无此三字，则不当与大柴胡汤，当
补之。
腹痛，脉弦而紧，弦则卫气不行，即恶寒，紧则不欲食，邪正相搏，即为寒疝。遶脐
痛苦，发则「自」〔白〕汗出，手足厥冷，〔其脉沉紧者，〕大乌头煎主之。
【按】
此条脉重出，下条有证无脉，「其脉沉紧者」五字，当在下条里急之下。然脉弦而紧
，是劲急之甚，当属寒疝之重者。其白汗之「白」字，当是「自」字，改之。下条「
其脉沉紧者」，是里痛之脉，当属寒疝之轻者，当移之。
寒疝，腹中痛，及□痛里急，「其脉沉紧者，」当归生姜羊肉汤主之。
【按】
「□痛里急」之下，当有上条「其脉沉紧者」五字。
寒疝，腹中痛，逆冷，手足不仁，若身疼痛，灸刺、诸药不能治，〔抵当〕乌头桂枝
汤主之。
【按】
「抵当」二字，衍文也。
问曰：人病有宿食，何以别之？师曰：寸口脉浮而大，按之反涩，尺中亦「大」〔微
〕而涩，故知有宿食，大承气汤主之。
【按】
尺中亦微而涩之「微」字，当按『伤寒论』作「大」字是，当改之。
问：患有咳嗽气逆的病人，诊察其脉象，如何判断这是“肺痿”还是“肺痈”？如果体内已有脓血，吐出后就会死亡，这种病的脉象是什么样的？
医生回答：寸口脉呈现浮（轻取即得）而数的特征。脉浮表示感受风邪，脉数表示有热邪；脉浮导致汗出，脉数导致恶寒。风邪侵袭卫分，呼气时气息不能深入；热邪侵入营分，吸气时气息不能外出。风邪损伤皮毛，热邪损伤血脉。风邪留舍于肺，病人会出现咳嗽、口干、气喘胸闷、咽喉干燥但不想喝水、时常吐出浑浊的泡沫、不时发冷颤抖等症状。热邪经过的地方，血液因此凝滞，积聚结块形成痈脓，吐出的痰液像米粥一样。在病情初起萌芽阶段还可以救治，一旦脓液形成则难以治愈，预后不良。
【按语】
在“肺痈”之上，应当有“肺痿”二字，否则本文论述肺痿的意义就没有着落，这一定是简牍脱漏，应当补上。脉微中的三个“微”字，应当是三个“浮”字，这样才与文意相属，应当改正。
“火”（大）逆上气，咽喉不利，旨在止逆下气的，用麦门冬汤主治。
【按语】
“大逆上气”中的“大”字，应当是“火”字，这样文义、病机与药物才能相符，应当改正。
腹部胀满，有时减轻，过后又恢复原状，这是寒证，应当给予温药治疗，“适宜厚朴生姜甘草半夏人参汤主治”。
【按语】
本篇没有治疗虚寒腹满的方剂，在“当与温药”之下，应当有“宜厚朴生姜甘草半夏人参汤主之”这十四个字，这一定是简牍脱漏。阅读《伤寒论·太阴篇》自然知晓，应当补上。
病人面色萎黄，“燥”（躁）而不渴，“胃”（胸）中有寒实之邪，且腹泻不止的，属于死证。
【按语】
“躁而不渴”应当是“燥而不渴”，这样文气通顺。“胸中寒实”应当是“胃中寒实”，如果是胸中寒实，怎么会说下利不止者死呢？应当改正。
〔其脉数而紧，即为弦脉，形状像弓弦，重按不移，脉弦数的，〕〔应当攻下其寒邪；〕脉紧大而迟的，必定心下坚硬，〔应当攻下其寒邪，〕脉大而紧的，阳中有阴，可以用攻下法。
【按语】
“其脉数而紧，乃弦，状如弓弦，按之不移，脉数弦者”这十九个字，是衍文（多余的文字），阅读《伤寒论·辨脉法》自然知晓，应当删除。“当下其寒”这四个字，应当放在“心下坚”之下，文义才连贯，应当移动位置。
□下“满”（偏）痛，发热，脉象紧弦，这是寒证，用温药攻下，适宜大黄附子汤。
【按语】
□下偏痛的“偏”字，应当是“满”字，应当改正。
按压心下感到胀满疼痛“伴有潮热”的，这是实证，应当攻下，适宜大柴胡汤。
【按语】
“按之心下满痛”之下，应当有“有潮热”这三个字，如果没有这三个字，就不应当使用大柴胡汤，应当补上。
腹痛，脉象弦而紧，弦脉表示卫气运行不畅，随即出现恶寒；紧脉表示不想进食，邪气与正气相搏结，就形成寒疝。绕脐痛苦，发作时“自”（白）汗出，手足冰冷，〔脉象沉紧的，〕大乌头煎主治。
【按语】
这一条脉象重复出现了，下一条有症状无脉象，“其脉沉紧者”五个字，应当放在下一条“里急”之下。然而脉弦而紧，是非常劲急的表现，应当属于较重的寒疝。其“白汗”的“白”字，应当是“自”字，予以改正。下一条“其脉沉紧者”，是里痛的脉象，应当属于较轻的寒疝，应当移动位置。
寒疝，腹中痛，及□痛里急，“其脉沉紧者，”当归生姜羊肉汤主治。
【按语】
“□痛里急”之下，应当有上一条的“其脉沉紧者”五个字。
寒疝，腹中痛，四肢厥冷，手足麻木不仁，如果身体疼痛，针灸和各种药物都不能治愈，〔抵当〕乌头桂枝汤主治。
【按语】
“抵当”两个字，是衍文（多余的文字）。
问：人患宿食病，如何辨别它？医生说：寸口脉浮而大，重按反而涩，尺部也“大”（微）而涩，所以知道有宿食，用大承气汤主治。
【按语】
尺部也微而涩的“微”字，应当按照《伤寒论》作“大”字才是正确的，应当改正。
Q: In a patient presenting with cough and qi reversal, how can one distinguish between "Fei Wei" (Lung Withering) and "Fei Yong" (Lung Abscess) through pulse diagnosis? If pus and blood are present, and vomiting leads to death, what kind of pulse would this be?
The Master replied: The Cun Kou (inch position) pulse is Floating (superficial) and Rapid. A Floating pulse indicates Wind pathogen; a Rapid pulse indicates Heat. A Floating pulse leads to sweating; a Rapid pulse leads to aversion to cold. Wind invades the Wei (Defensive) level, causing exhalation without deep penetration; Heat invades the Ying (Nutritive) level, causing inhalation without full entry. Wind damages the skin and hair pores; Heat damages the blood vessels. When Wind lodges in the Lung, the patient experiences cough, dry mouth, wheezing and chest fullness, dry throat without thirst, frequent spitting of turbid froth, and intermittent chills. Where Heat passes, blood coagulates and stagnates, accumulating to form an abscess with pus; the expectoration resembles congee. If treated at the initial stage, it can be saved; once pus has formed, it is fatal.
[Commentary]
Before "Fei Yong" (Lung Abscess), the characters "Fei Wei" (Lung Withering) should appear; otherwise, the discussion on Fei Wei lacks context. This is likely a lacuna in the bamboo slips and should be supplemented. The three instances of "Wei" (Micro/Weak) in the pulse description should actually be "Fu" (Floating); this correction aligns with the textual flow.
For "Fire" (Da) reversing qi upward, with difficulty in the throat, to stop the reversal and descend the qi, Mai Men Dong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction) is indicated.
[Commentary]
The character "Da" (Big/Great) in "Da Ni Shang Qi" should be "Huo" (Fire); this correction ensures consistency between the text, pathology, and prescription.
Abdominal fullness that decreases intermittently but returns to its previous state indicates Cold; warm herbs should be administered, [specifically Hou Po Sheng Jiang Gan Cao Ban Xia Ren Shen Tang (Magnolia Bark, Fresh Ginger, Licorice, Pinellia, and Ginseng Decoction)].
[Commentary]
This chapter lacks a formula for treating deficiency-cold abdominal fullness. Below "warm herbs should be administered," the phrase "Yi Hou Po Sheng Jiang Gan Cao Ban Xia Ren Shen Tang Zhu Zhi" (Suitable for treatment with Magnolia Bark... Decoction) consisting of fourteen characters is missing due to a lacuna and should be added. Reference to the *Tai Yin* chapter of the *Shang Han Lun* confirms this.
The patient presents with sallow complexion, "dryness" (Zao) without thirst, and Cold-Excess in the "Stomach" (Xiong/Chest). If accompanied by unceasing diarrhea, it is a death case.
[Commentary]
"Zao er bu ke" (Irritable/restless without thirst) should be "Zao er bu ke" (Dry without thirst) for textual coherence. "Xiong Zhong Han Shi" (Cold-Excess in the Chest) should be "Wei Zhong Han Shi" (Cold-Excess in the Stomach); if it were Cold-Excess in the Chest, it would not logically lead to the prognosis of death via unceasing lower bowel movements. Correction is required.
[If the pulse is Rapid and Tight, it becomes Xian (Wiry), resembling a bowstring, firm upon pressure; for a Xian-Rapid pulse,] [one should purge the Cold]; for a Tight, Large, and Slow pulse, there must be hardness below the heart. [One should purge the Cold,] for a Large and Tight pulse indicates Yang containing Yin, and purgation is permissible.
[Commentary]
The nineteen characters "Qi Mai Shu Er Jin, Nai Xian, Zhuang Ru Gong Xian, An Zhi Bu Yi, Mai Shu Xian Zhe" (Its pulse is rapid and tight, becoming wiry, shaped like a bowstring, unmoving upon pressure, the rapid-wiry pulse...) are extraneous text (interpolations). Reference to the *Bian Mai Fa* chapter of the *Shang Han Lun* confirms this deletion. The four characters "Dang Xia Qi Han" (Should purge its Cold) should be moved below "Xin Xia Jian" (Hardness below the heart) for logical coherence.
□ Lower "Fullness" (Pian/Side) pain, fever, with a Tight-Wiry pulse, indicates Cold; treat with warm purgatives, suitable for Da Huang Fu Zi Tang (Rhubarb and Aconite Decoction).
[Commentary]
The character "Pian" (Side) in "Pian Tong" should be "Man" (Fullness). Correction is required.
Palpation revealing fullness and pain below the heart [accompanied by tidal fever] indicates Excess; purgation is indicated, suitable for Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction).
[Commentary]
Below "Palpation revealing fullness and pain below the heart," the three characters "You Chao Re" (Has tidal fever) are missing. Without these, Da Chai Hu Tang would not be appropriate. Supplementation is required.
Abdominal pain with a Wiry-Tight pulse: Wiry indicates obstruction of Wei Qi movement, leading to aversion to cold; Tight indicates anorexia. The struggle between pathogenic factors and righteous qi constitutes Han Shan (Cold Spasm). Pain circling the umbilicus, with spontaneous sweating during attacks, and cold limbs, [if the pulse is Deep-Tight,] is treated with Da Wu Tou Jian (Major Aconite Decoction).
[Commentary]
The pulse description here is repetitive. The next paragraph has symptoms but no pulse. The five characters "Qi Mai Chen Jin Zhe" (If the pulse is Deep-Tight) should be moved below "Li Ji" (Tenesmus/Urge) in the next paragraph. However, a Wiry-Tight pulse signifies extreme tension, belonging to severe Cold Spasm. The character "Bai" (White) in "Bai Han" should be "Zi" (Self/Spontaneous). Correction is required. The "Deep-Tight" pulse in the next paragraph corresponds to interior pain and belongs to mild Cold Spasm; it should be moved.
Han Shan (Cold Spasm), abdominal pain, and □ pain with tenesmus, [if the pulse is Deep-Tight,] is treated with Dang Gui Sheng Jiang Yang Rou Tang (Angelica Sinensis, Fresh Ginger, and Mutton Decoction).
[Commentary]
Below "□ pain with tenesmus," the five characters "Qi Mai Chen Jin Zhe" (If the pulse is Deep-Tight) from the preceding paragraph should be added.
Han Shan (Cold Spasm), abdominal pain, cold extremities, numbness in hands and feet, and body pain which cannot be cured by moxibustion, acupuncture, or various medicines, is treated with [Di Dang] Wu Tou Gui Zhi Tang (Aconite and Cinnamon Twig Decoction).
[Commentary]
The two characters "Di Dang" are extraneous text.
Q: How can one differentiate Su Shi (Retained Food) in patients? The Master said: The Cun Kou pulse is Floating and Large; upon pressing, it feels Rough (Se); the Chi (cubit) position is also [Large] (Wei/Weak) and Rough. Thus, retained food is known, and Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) is indicated.
[Commentary]
The character "Wei" (Weak) in "Chi Zhong Yi Wei Er Se" should be "Da" (Large) according to the *Shang Han Lun*. Correction is required.