《千金方》云∶凡捣药法，烧香，洒扫，洁净，勿得杂语，当使童子捣之。务令细熟，
杵数
菩
相日造。所求皆得。攘灾减恶，病者得瘥，死者更生。
凡合肾气，署预及诸大五虫，大麝香丸、金牙散、大酒煎膏等。合时勿令妇女、小儿、
产妇
在禁
等诸难捣之药，费人功力作者，悉盗弃之。又为尘埃秽气，皆入药中罗筛，粗恶随风飘扬，
众口
反加
凡百药皆不欲数数晒曝，多见风日，气力即薄歇无用，宜熟知之。诸药未即用者，候天
晴时
中风。虽经年亦如新也。其丸散以瓷器贮，蜡封之勿泄，则三十年不坏。诸杏仁及子等药瓦
器贮则
凡贮药法，皆去地四尺，则土湿之气不中之。
凡药冶择熬炮讫，然后称之，以依方。不得生称。
凡药治，凡诸果子仁皆去尖头赤皮，双仁仍切之。
凡茯苓、夕药须白者，泻药唯赤者。
凡石斛皆以硬推打，令碎，乃入臼；不尔，捣，不可熟。牛膝、石斛等入汤，擘碎用之。
凡
渍
凡枳壳、浓朴、甘草、桂、黄柏诸木皮及诸毛、羽、贝、齿、牙、蹄、甲、龟、鳖、鲭、
鲤
凡诸汤用酒者，皆临熟下。凡汤中用麝香、犀角、鹿茸、羊角、牛黄、蒲黄、丹沙者，
汤熟
凡生麦门冬、生姜，入汤皆切，三捣三绞，取汁，汤成去滓，纳煮五六沸，依如升数，
不可
凡银屑，皆以水银和成泥。
凡用乳等诸石，以玉锤水研三日三夜，漂练，务令极细。凡用麦 、曲米、大豆、黄卷
、泽兰、芜荑、僵（纪良反）蚕、干漆、蜂房，皆微炒。
《本草》云∶凡汤酒膏药，旧方皆云 咀者，谓称毕捣之如大豆。又使吹去细末，此于
事殊
义
《葛氏方》∶ 咀者，皆应细切。）今皆细切之较略，令如 咀者瘥，得无末而粒片调于
药
丸
辈
之
日干三分一分耗。）其汤酒中不须如此。凡筛丸药用重密绢，令细于密丸，易熟；若筛散，
草药用轻疏绢。于酒服则不泥，其石药亦用细绢，筛如丸者。凡筛丸散药竟，皆更合于臼中
，以杵研冶之数百过，视色理和同为佳。（今按∶《范汪方》云∶乃□着蜜熟捣之。）凡汤酒
膏中用诸石药，皆细捣如粟米。亦以葛布筛令调，并新绵别裹纳中。其雄黄、朱砂细末如粉
。凡煮汤欲熟，微火令小沸。其水数依方多少大略升两，药用水一斗，煮取四升，以此为率
。然则利汤欲生，少水而多取。补汤欲熟，多水而少取。好详视所得，宁令水少，多用新布
。两人以尺木绞之，澄去 浊，纸覆令密，温汤勿令 器中有水气，于热汤上煮令暖，亦好
服汤，宁令小热易下，冷则呕涌，云分再服三服者，要令力势足相及，并视人之强羸，病之
轻重，以为进退增减之，不必悉依方说也。（今按∶《新注》云∶但看病之轻重，形之羸疲
，除加乃至四五服亦好，故曰不依方。）凡渍药酒，随寒暑，日数视其浓烈，便可漉出，不
必待至酒尽也。（今按∶《新注》云∶凡渍药酒，冬日七宿，春秋五宿，夏日三宿。辛贞日、
冬日者必须七宿一时，药酒皆盛瓷瓶以纸盖口，勿令气泄。二月、三月、八月、九月五四宿，
四月、五月三宿，六月、七月若二十两药酒一斗五升。渍者先五升酒，渍药二日宿。初
合，日再服，但视酒尽，更增一升酒日别，日别添着一升。如此法者，不必酒回酢，春秋
日如常法用。）凡建中肾沥诸补汤，滓合两剂加水煮，竭饮之。亦敌一剂新药，贫人当依
用，皆应先曝令燥。凡合膏，初以苦酒渍取，令淹溲浸，不用多汁，密覆勿泄。（今按∶
注》云∶淹溲者，酢药得相和，不用多汁。）云 时者，周时从今旦至明旦，亦有止一
（今按∶《新注》云∶有言半日者，从旦至暮也。又一宿意同半日。）三上三下以泻其
令药味得出。上之使币（祖合反），币沸仍下，下之取沸，静良久乃上，宁欲小生。其中有
薤白者，以两头微焦黄为候，有白芷附子者，亦令小黄色也。（今按∶《新注》云∶膏
得焦微生，若过焦者气力小也。）猪肪皆勿令经水，腊月弥佳。绞膏亦以新布。若是
之膏。膏滓亦堪酒煮。稍饮之，可摩之膏，膏滓则宜以薄病上。
凡膏中有雄黄朱砂辈，皆别捣细碎如面，须绞膏竟乃投中，以物疾搅至干凝强，勿使沉
聚在
凡汤酒中用大黄，不须细锉（粗卧反），作汤者先水渍令淹溲（疏柳反），覆一宿。明旦
煮汤，
今
凡汤中用麻黄，皆先别煮两三沸，断去其沫。更益水如本数，乃纳余药，不尔，令人烦。
麻
则
凡汤中用完物皆擘破，干枣、栀子、栝萎子之类是也。用细核物亦打碎，山茱萸、五味
子、
子之类
薄切。芒
凡用麦门冬皆微润汤，抽去心。（今按∶《新注》云∶于 微熬，抽去心，今时不润抽心
也
毛
取
有
犀
凡汤丸散用天雄、附子、乌头、鸟喙、侧子，皆 灰中炮之，令微坼，削去黑皮乃称之。
唯
凡
不尔
洗便毕
云∶
方》炮之如建法，削去焦皮。）凡丸散用胶皆先炙，便使通体沸起燥，乃可捣，有不浃处更
炙之。（今按《千金方》云∶断下汤直尔用之，勿炙也。又云∶既细碎，不炙，于 子熬亦
得
筛
凡用蜜，皆先火上煎断去沫，令色微黄，则丸经久不坏。克之多少，随蜜精粗。（今按∶
《
用
凡丸散用巴豆、杏仁、桃仁、葶苈、胡麻，诸有膏脂药，皆先熬令黄黑，别捣。令如膏
脂，
尽。（
数百
凡用桂、浓朴、杜仲、秦皮、木兰辈，皆削去上虚软甲错皮，取里有味者称之。茯苓、
猪苓
白、
根毛
凡野狼毒、枳实、橘皮、半夏、麻黄、吴茱萸皆欲得陈久者。其余唯须精新。（《范汪方》
云
《录验方》云∶蜜腊膏髓类者皆成汤，纳烊令和调也。又，合汤用血及酒者，临熟纳之。
然
《葛氏方》云∶凡直云末者，皆是捣筛。
《千金方》说：凡是捣药的方法，要点香，洒水扫地，保持洁净，不要说杂话，应当让童男童女来捣药。务必捣得细碎熟透，杵击的次数要符合规定（原文此处有缺漏或异文，意指遵循特定规范）。这样就能所求皆得，消除灾祸减少恶疾，病人得以痊愈，死者也能复生。
凡是配制肾气丸、署预散以及治疗各种大五虫病的药物、大麝香丸、金牙散、大酒煎膏等。在配制时不要让妇女、小儿、产妇在场。对于像难捣的药费人力气的，都要偷偷扔掉。又有因为尘埃秽气，都进入药中罗筛，粗恶的随风飘扬，反而增加……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是百种药都不希望多次晒曝，多见风日，药的气力就会薄弱歇止而无用，应该熟知这一点。诸药如果不立即使用，等到天晴时……（原文此处有缺漏）中风。即使经过一年也像新的一样。那些丸剂散剂用瓷器贮存，用蜡密封以防泄漏，那么三十年也不会坏。诸杏仁及种子等药用瓦器贮存则……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是药经过炮制处理完毕，然后称量它们，依照处方。不得生药直接称量。
凡是药的加工，凡是各种果子仁都要去掉尖头和赤皮，双仁的要切开。
凡是石斛都要用硬物推打，令其破碎，然后放入臼中；不这样的话，捣不熟。牛膝、石斛等入汤剂，掰碎使用。
凡是……（原文此处有缺漏）浸泡。
凡是枳壳、厚朴、甘草、桂枝、黄柏等各种木皮以及各种毛、羽、贝、齿、牙、蹄、甲、龟、鳖、鲭鱼、鲤鱼……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是各种汤剂用酒的，都在临熟时下锅。凡是汤剂中使用麝香、犀角、鹿茸、羊角、牛黄、蒲黄、丹砂的，……（原文此处有缺漏）汤熟。
凡是生麦门冬、生姜，入汤剂都要切碎，三捣三绞，取汁，汤成后去渣滓，纳入煮五六沸，依照规定的升数，……（原文此处有缺漏）不可。
凡是用乳香等诸石药，用玉锤加水研磨三天三夜，漂洗练制，务必令其极细。凡是用麦蘖、曲米、大豆、黄卷……（原文此处有缺漏）、泽兰、芜荑、僵蚕、干漆、蜂房，都要微炒。
《本草》说：凡是汤酒膏药，旧方都说“咀”的，意思是称量完毕后捣成如大豆大小。又让人吹去细末，这在……（原文此处有缺漏）事殊义（意义不同）。
《葛氏方》说：“咀”的，都应该细切。）现在都细切得比较粗略，令如“咀”的效果较差，难道没有末而粒片调于……（原文此处有缺漏）丸辈……（原文此处有缺漏）日干三分一分耗。）那些汤酒中不需要这样。凡是筛丸药用重密绢，令细于密丸，易熟；若筛散，草药用轻疏绢。用酒送服则不粘腻，那些石药也用细绢，筛得像丸药那样。凡是筛完丸散药后，都要再合于臼中，用杵研治几百遍，看色泽纹理调和相同为佳。（现在按：《范汪方》说：乃……着蜜熟捣之。）凡是汤酒膏中用诸石药，都细捣如粟米。也用葛布筛令调和，并用新绵另外包裹纳入其中。那些雄黄、朱砂细末如粉。
凡是煮汤欲熟，用微火令小沸。那水的数量依照处方多少大略升两，药用水一斗，煮取四升，以此为标准。然而利下之汤欲生，少水而多取。补益之汤欲熟，多水而少取。好详细查看所得，宁可让水少，多用新布。两人用尺木绞之，澄清去除浊液，纸覆盖令密闭，温汤勿令……（原文此处有缺漏）器中有水气，于热汤上煮令暖，也好服汤，宁可让小热易下，冷则呕涌，说分再服三服的，要令药力势足相及，并视人的强弱，病的轻重，作为进退增减的依据，不必完全依照处方说也。（现在按：《新注》说：只看病的轻重，形的羸疲，除加乃至四五服也好，所以说不依方。）凡是渍药酒，随寒暑，日数视其浓烈，便可滤出，不必等到酒尽。（现在按：《新注》说：凡是渍药酒，冬日七宿，春秋五宿，夏日三宿。辛贞日、冬日者必须七宿一时，药酒皆盛瓷瓶以纸盖口，勿令气泄。二月、三月、八月、九月五四宿，四月、五月三宿，六月、七月若二十两药酒一斗五升。渍者先五升酒，渍药二日宿。初合，日再服，但视酒尽，更增一升酒日别，日别添着一升。如此法者，不必酒回酢，春秋日如常法用。）凡是建中肾沥诸补汤，药滓合两剂加水煮，竭饮之。也敌一剂新药，贫人当依用，都要先晒令干燥。
凡是合膏，初以苦酒渍取，令淹溲浸，不用多汁，密覆勿泄。（现在按：注》说：淹溲者，酢药得相和，不用多汁。）云“周时”者，周时从今旦至明旦，也有只一……（原文此处有缺漏）（现在按：《新注》说：有言半日者，从旦至暮也。又一宿意同半日。）三上三下以泻其……（原文此处有缺漏）令药味得出。上之使币（祖合反），币沸仍下，下之取沸，静良久乃上，宁欲小生。其中有薤白的，以两头微焦黄为候，有白芷附子的，也令小黄色也。（现在按：《新注》说：膏得焦微生，若过焦者气力小也。）猪脂肪都不要经过水，腊月更佳。绞膏也用新布。如果是……（原文此处有缺漏）之膏。膏滓也可以酒煮。稍饮之，可摩之膏，膏滓则宜以薄病上。
凡是膏中有雄黄朱砂辈，都另捣细碎如面，须绞膏竟乃投中，以物疾搅至干凝强，勿使沉聚在……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是汤酒中用大黄，不需要细锉（粗卧反），作汤者先水渍令淹溲（疏柳反），覆一宿。明旦煮汤，……（原文此处有缺漏）今。
凡是汤中用麻黄，都先另煮两三沸，断去其沫。更益水如本数，乃纳余药，不尔，令人烦。麻……（原文此处有缺漏）则。
凡是汤中用完物都掰破，干枣、栀子、栝萎子之类是也。用细核物也打碎，山茱萸、五味……（原文此处有缺漏）子之类……（原文此处有缺漏）薄切。芒……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是用麦门冬都微润汤，抽去心。（现在按：《新注》说：于……微熬，抽去心，今时不润抽心也……（原文此处有缺漏）毛……（原文此处有缺漏）取……（原文此处有缺漏）有……（原文此处有缺漏）犀……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是汤丸散用天雄、附子、乌头、鸟喙、侧子，都……（原文此处有缺漏）灰中炮之，令微坼，削去黑皮乃称之。唯……（原文此处有缺漏）凡……（原文此处有缺漏）不尔……（原文此处有缺漏）洗便毕……（原文此处有缺漏）云……（原文此处有缺漏）方》炮之如建法，削去焦皮。）凡是丸散用胶都先炙，便使通体沸起燥，乃可捣，有不浃处更炙之。（现在按《千金方》说：断下汤直尔用之，勿炙也。又说：既细碎，不炙，于……子熬亦得……（原文此处有缺漏）筛……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是用蜜，都先火上煎断去沫，令色微黄，则丸经久不坏。克之多少，随蜜精粗。（现在按：……（原文此处有缺漏）《……（原文此处有缺漏）用……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是丸散用巴豆、杏仁、桃仁、葶苈、胡麻，诸有膏脂药，都先熬令黄黑，另捣。令如膏脂，……（原文此处有缺漏）尽。（……（原文此处有缺漏）数百……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是用桂、厚朴、杜仲、秦皮、木兰辈，都削去上虚软甲错皮，取里有味者称之。茯苓、猪苓……（原文此处有缺漏）白、……（原文此处有缺漏）根毛……（原文此处有缺漏）。
凡是野狼毒、枳实、橘皮、半夏、麻黄、吴茱萸都要得陈久的。其余只需精新。（《范汪方》……（原文此处有缺漏）云……（原文此处有缺漏）。
According to the *Qianjin Fang* (Thousand Golden Prescriptions): The method for grinding herbs involves burning incense, sprinkling water and sweeping to ensure cleanliness, refraining from idle chatter, and having young boys perform the grinding. It is essential to grind them until they are fine and well-processed, adhering to specific counts of pestle strikes. This ensures that all requests are fulfilled, disasters are averted, evil influences are reduced, patients recover, and even the dead may be revived.
When compounding formulas such as Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill), Shuyu San (Shuyu Powder), preparations for treating the "Five Great Worms," Daxie Xiang Wan (Large Musk Pill), Jinya San (Gold Tooth Powder), and Da Jiujian Gao (Large Wine-Decoction Paste), women, children, and postpartum women must not be present. Difficult-to-grind herbs that require excessive effort should be discarded secretly. Dust and foul odors must be excluded; coarse particles flying in the wind can contaminate the preparation. [Text fragmentary].
Generally, herbs should not be sun-dried repeatedly or exposed excessively to wind and sunlight, as this diminishes their potency and renders them useless; this should be well understood. Herbs not used immediately should be stored during clear weather... [Text fragmentary] to avoid wind-strike. Even after a year, they remain like new. Pills and powders should be stored in porcelain vessels, sealed with wax to prevent leakage, ensuring they remain unspoiled for thirty years. Almonds and seeds should be stored in earthenware vessels... [Text fragmentary].
The general rule for storing herbs is to keep them four chi above the ground to prevent moisture from the earth from affecting them.
After herbs have been processed, roasted, or fried, they should be weighed according to the prescription. Raw herbs should not be weighed directly.
For processing, kernels of fruits should have their tips and red skins removed; those with two kernels should be sliced. For Fuling (Poria) and Shaoyao (Peony Root), white varieties are preferred; for purgative purposes, red varieties are used.
Dendrobium (Shihu) should be broken by hard pressing before being placed in the mortar; otherwise, it cannot be ground thoroughly. Achyranthes Bidentata (Niuxi) and Dendrobium (Shihu) used in decoctions should be torn into pieces. [Text fragmentary] soaking.
For bark of Zhiqiao (Bitter Orange), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Gancao (Licorice), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), as well as hair, feathers, shells, teeth, claws, hooves, carapaces, tortoises, turtles, mackerel, carp... [Text fragmentary].
When wine is used in decoctions, it should be added just before completion. When Shexiang (Musk), Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn - note: substitute with Buffalo Horn in modern practice), Lurong (Deer Antler), Yangjiao (Sheep Horn), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Puhuang (Pollen Typhae), or Zhusha (Cinnabar) are used in decoctions... [Text fragmentary] when the decoction is ready.
Fresh Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) used in decoctions should be sliced, pounded three times, wrung out three times to extract juice. After the decoction is prepared and strained, the juice should be added and boiled for five to six boils, following the specified volume measurements... [Text fragmentary] do not.
Silver powder (Yin Qian) should be mixed with mercury to form an amalgam.
Mineral drugs such as Ruxiang (Frankincense) should be ground with a jade pestle and water for three days and nights, washed and refined until extremely fine. Maiya (Sprouted Hordeum), Qu (Medicated Leaven), Dazao (Soybean), Huangjuan (Yellow Bean Sprouts)... [Text fragmentary], Zelan (Eupatorium), Wuyi (Toona Seed), Jiangcan (Silkworm), Ganqi (Dried Lacquer), Fengfang (Honeycomb) should all be lightly stir-fried.
The *Bencao* states: In old prescriptions for decoctions, wines, and pastes, the term "Ju" (chewing/biting) means pounding the weighed herbs to the size of soybeans, then blowing away the fine dust. This differs in meaning from... [Text fragmentary].
The *Ge Shi Fang* states: "Ju" should be finely sliced. Current practices often slice roughly, which is less effective than true "Ju." Are there no fines, only granules mixed into... [Text fragmentary] pills... [Text fragmentary] drying reduces weight by one-third. This is not necessary for decoctions and wines. For sifting pill ingredients, use heavy, dense silk to make them finer than for dense pills, aiding digestion; for powders, use light, loose silk for herbal drugs. If taken with wine, it prevents caking; mineral drugs also use fine silk, sifted to the consistency of pill ingredients. After sifting pills and powders, return them to the mortar and pound/hundreds of times until the color and texture are uniform. (Note: *Fan Wang Fang* states: mix with honey and pound thoroughly.) For mineral drugs used in decoctions, wines, and pastes, grind finely like millet grains. Sift through kudzu cloth to blend, and wrap separately in fresh cotton. Realgar and Cinnabar should be ground to a fine powder.
When boiling decoctions, use low heat to maintain a slight boil. Water quantities should follow the prescription approximately. Generally, use one dou of water for herbs to yield four sheng of decoction as a standard. However, for purgative decoctions, use less water to retain potency; for tonic decoctions, use more water to fully extract. Observe the result carefully; it is better to use less water. Use a new cloth. Two people should use a wooden rod to press and clarify, removing turbidity. Cover tightly with paper to prevent steam escape. Warm in hot water bath without letting water enter the vessel. Serve warm; slightly hot is easier to swallow, cold may cause vomiting. Divide into two or three doses based on the strength of the medicine and the patient's condition, adjusting as needed rather than strictly following the prescription. (Note: *Xin Zhu* states: Adjust based on disease severity and patient frailty; up to four or five doses are acceptable, hence "not strictly following the prescription.") For medicinal wines, steep according to seasons, checking concentration daily; strain when strong enough, do not wait until the wine is exhausted. (Note: *Xin Zhu* states: Winter 7 days, Spring/Autumn 5 days, Summer 3 days. For winter brewing, 7 days is required. Store in porcelain bottles covered with paper. Feb/Mar/Aug/Sep 5 days; Apr/May 3 days; Jun/Jul varies. Initial steeping uses 5 sheng of wine for 2 days. Take twice daily; if wine runs out, add 1 sheng daily. Do not let wine turn sour. Follow standard methods in Spring/Autumn.) For tonics like Jianzhong and Shenli, residue from two doses can be boiled again with added water and consumed entirely, equivalent to a new dose. Poor people should follow this. Herbs should be dried first.
For making pastes, initially soak in vinegar to moisten, using minimal liquid, and cover tightly. (Note: Annotation states: Moistening allows acid and herbs to blend; no need for excess liquid.) "Zhou Shi" (One full day) means from dawn to next dawn, or sometimes half a day (dawn to dusk). Boil three times up and three times down to release flavors. Bring to boil, then remove; let settle, then bring to boil again. Aim for slight undercooking. For recipes with Xiebai (Garlic Allium), cook until ends are slightly yellow-brown; for Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica) and Fuzi (Aconite Root), aim for slight yellow color. (Note: *Xin Zhu* states: Paste should be slightly undercooked; overcooking reduces potency.) Pig fat should not touch water; December fat is best. Strain paste with new cloth. Residue can be boiled in wine and drunk slightly or applied topically.
Realgar and Cinnabar in pastes should be ground separately to flour-like fineness, added after straining the paste, stirred vigorously until dry and firm, preventing settling.
For Dahuang (Rhubarb) in decoctions/wines, coarse chopping is sufficient. Soak in water overnight before boiling. [Text fragmentary].
For Mahuang (Ephedra) in decoctions, boil separately for two to three boils to remove foam, replenish water to original amount, then add other herbs; otherwise, it causes irritability. [Text fragmentary].
Whole items in decoctions should be torn open, e.g., dried dates, Gardenia, Trichosanthes Seeds. Fine-seeded items should be crushed, e.g., Cornus Officinalis, Schisandra... [Text fragmentary] thinly sliced. Mang... [Text fragmentary].
For Maidong (Ophiopogon), slightly moisten and remove the heart. (Note: *Xin Zhu* states: Lightly roast and remove heart; current practice does not moisten before removing heart...) [Text fragmentary].
For Tianxiong, Fuzi, Wutou, Wu Hui, Cizi used in decoctions/pills/powders, roast in ash until slightly cracked, scrape off black skin, then weigh. Only... [Text fragmentary] otherwise... [Text fragmentary] wash complete... [Text fragmentary] say... [Text fragmentary] Fang roast as per Jian method, scrape off scorched skin.) For glue in pills/powders, roast until uniformly dry and bubbling, then grind; re-roast any unpenetrated parts. (Note: *Qianjin Fang* states: Duankxia Tang uses glue directly without roasting. Also: If already finely crushed, no need to roast; roasting in... is also acceptable...) [Text fragmentary].
For honey, boil on fire to remove foam until slightly yellow, ensuring pills last long. Quantity depends on honey purity. (Note: ... [Text fragmentary]) [Text fragmentary].
For Ban Dou, Xing Ren, Tao Ren, Ting Li, Hu Ma, and other oily/greasy herbs in pills/powders, fry until yellow-black, grind separately. Make into a paste-like consistency... [Text fragmentary] exhaust... [Text fragmentary] hundreds... [Text fragmentary].
For Guizhi, Houpo, Duzhong, Qinpi, Mulan, etc., scrape off the soft, rough outer bark, weighing only the inner fragrant part. Fuling, Zhuling... [Text fragmentary] Bai... [Text fragmentary] root hairs... [Text fragmentary].
Ye Langdu, Zhishi, Ju Pi, Ban Xia, Mahuang, Wuzhuyu should be aged. Others should be fresh and refined. (*Fan Wang Fang*... [Text fragmentary] say... [Text fragmentary]).
*Lue Yan Fang* states: Honey, beeswax, paste, marrow types should be melted into decoctions and mixed. Also, blood and wine used in decoctions should be added just before completion. However... [Text fragmentary].
*Ge Shi Fang* states: Wherever "powder" is stated directly, it means grind and sift.