《千金方》断酒方∶
白猪乳汁一升饮之,永不用酒。
又方∶刮马汗和酒与饮,终身不饮。
又方∶自死蛴螬,干,捣末和酒与饮,永代闻酒名呕吐,神验。
又方∶酒渍汗靴沓一宿,旦空腹与即吐,不喜见酒, 取佛体上尘入酒服之,永不欲饮
酒。(《灵奇秘方》。)
《病源论》云∶人往往因饮食忽然困闷,少时致甚乃至死者,名为饮食中毒,故(言)
人假以毒投食令裹而杀人,但其病颊内或悬膺(壅)内物,(初)如酸枣大,渐渐大是也。
急治则瘥,久不治,毒入腹即死也。
《医门方》云∶凡煮药以解毒者。虽救急不可热饮之;诸毒得热更甚,宜令冷冻饮料之。
《短剧方》治诸食中毒者,唯黄龙汤及屎汁,无不治也。饮马尿汁亦良。(《千金方》同
之。)
《本草》云∶饮食中毒烦满方∶
煮苦参饮之,令吐出。
《葛氏方》云∶诸馔食直氽何容有毒,皆是假以投之耳。既不知何毒,便应作甘草荠
汤通治也。汉质帝啖饼死,即其事矣。
《经心方》食毒方∶
白盐一升,以水三升煮消,分三服。
《集验方》食诸饼 百味毒若急者方∶
单饮土浆。
又方∶单服犀角末方寸匕。
《千金方》治饮食中毒方∶
苦参三两,酒二升半,煮取一升,顿服,取吐愈。
《养生要集》治食诸饼 百物中毒方。
取贝齿一枚,含之须臾,吐所食物,良。
又方∶捣韭汁饮之良。(以上《葛氏方》同之。)
《千金方》中戒酒的方剂:
饮用一升白猪乳汁,从此永远不再饮酒。
另一个方子:刮取马身上的汗液,混合酒给患者服用,终身不再想喝酒。
又一个方子:使用自然死亡的蛴螬(金龟子幼虫),晒干后捣成粉末,混合酒给患者服用,从此听到酒的名字就会呕吐,效果神奇。
再一个方子:用酒浸泡出汗的靴子过夜,第二天早晨空腹服用,会引起呕吐,使人不喜欢见到酒;或者取佛像上的灰尘混入酒中服用,从此永远不想再饮酒。(出自《灵奇秘方》。)
《诸病源候论》说:人们常常因为饮食突然感到困倦烦闷,短时间内病情加重甚至导致死亡,这被称为饮食中毒。所以有人假借投毒于食物中以谋害他人,但这种病症表现为颊内或悬雍垂(喉部)内有异物,起初像酸枣大小,逐渐变大。及时治疗则痊愈,久治不愈,毒素进入腹部就会导致死亡。
《医门方》说:凡是煮药用来解毒的,虽然是急救,也不可热饮;各种毒素遇到热气会更严重,应当让药液冷冻后饮用。
《短剧方》治疗各种食物中毒者,只有黄龙汤及人粪汁,没有治不好的。饮用马尿汁也很好。(与《千金方》观点相同。)
《本草》记载治疗饮食中毒、烦闷胀满的方剂:
煎煮苦参饮用,使其吐出。
《葛氏方》说:各种食物直接烹煮怎么会有毒?都是有人暗中投毒罢了。既然不知道是什么毒药,就应当制作甘草荠汤来通治。汉质帝吃饼而死,就是这种情况。
《经心方》中的食毒方:
白盐一升,用水三升煮沸至溶解,分三次服用。
《集验方》治疗食用各种饼类及百物中毒且病情紧急的方剂:
单独饮用土浆(泥浆水)。
另一个方子:单独服用方寸匕大小的犀角末。
《千金方》治疗饮食中毒的方剂:
苦参三两,酒二升半,煎煮取一升药液,一次性服用,促使呕吐后即可痊愈。
《养生要集》治疗食用各种饼类及百物中毒的方剂。
取一枚贝齿,含在口中片刻,吐出所吃的食物,效果良好。
另一个方子:捣碎韭菜汁饮用效果良好。(以上方法与《葛氏方》相同。)
The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) contains prescriptions for abstaining from alcohol:
Drink one *sheng* (approx. 200ml) of milk from a white pig, and never drink alcohol again.
Another prescription: Scrape the sweat from a horse, mix it with wine, and have the patient drink it; they will not desire to drink alcohol for the rest of their life.
Yet another prescription: Use naturally dead *qicao* (larvae of scarab beetles), dry them, grind into powder, mix with wine, and have the patient drink it; thereafter, merely hearing the name "wine" will induce vomiting. This is highly effective.
Another prescription: Soak a sweaty boot in wine overnight. In the morning, administer on an empty stomach to induce vomiting, causing aversion to seeing wine. Alternatively, take dust from a Buddha statue, mix it into wine, and ingest it; the desire to drink alcohol will cease forever. (*Lingqi Mifang*, Secret Prescriptions of Lingqi).
The *Bingyuan Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases) states: People often suddenly feel drowsy and distressed due to diet, worsening rapidly within a short time to the point of death. This is called "food poisoning." Thus, some may maliciously poison food to kill others. The pathology involves a foreign body in the cheek or inside the uvula, initially the size of a sour jujube, which gradually enlarges. Prompt treatment leads to recovery; if left untreated for too long, the toxin enters the abdomen, leading to death.
The *Yimen Fang* (Medical Gate Prescriptions) states: When decocting herbs for detoxification, even for emergency rescue, do not drink them hot. Various toxins become more severe when heated; therefore, the medicine should be allowed to cool completely before drinking.
The *Duanju Fang* (Short Drama Prescriptions) treats various types of food poisoning using only *Huanglong Tang* (Yellow Dragon Decoction) or fecal juice, with no case remaining untreatable. Drinking horse urine juice is also beneficial. (This aligns with the *Qianjin Fang*).
The *Bencao* (Materia Medica) records a prescription for food poisoning accompanied by irritability and fullness:
Decoct *Shenqu* (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis / Ku Shen) and drink it to induce vomiting.
The *Ge Shi Fang* (Prescriptions by Master Ge) states: How can properly cooked food contain poison? It must be that someone secretly added it. Since the specific poison is unknown, one should prepare *Gancao Ji Tang* (Licorice and Shepherd's Purse Decoction) as a general remedy. The death of Emperor Zhi of Han after eating flatbread is an example of this.
The *Jingxin Fang* (Prescriptions of Jingxin) for food toxicity:
Take one *sheng* of white salt, boil in three *sheng* of water until dissolved, and divide into three doses.
The *Jiyan Fang* (Verified Prescriptions) for acute poisoning from various pastries and hundred substances:
Drink earth slurry alone.
Another prescription: Take a *fangcun bi* (square-inch scoop) of *Xijiao* (Rhino Horn) powder and ingest it alone.
The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) for treating food poisoning:
Take three *liang* of *Ku Shen* (Sophora Root), add two and a half *sheng* of wine, decoct to obtain one *sheng* of liquid, and administer in a single dose. Inducing vomiting will lead to recovery.
The *Yangsheng Yaoji* (Essentials for Nourishing Life) for poisoning from various pastries and hundred substances:
Take one shell tooth, hold it in the mouth for a moment, then vomit up the ingested food. This is effective.
Another prescription: Crush fresh chive juice and drink it. This is effective. (These methods are consistent with the *Ge Shi Fang*).