隐君姓潘氏,名楫字硕甫,一号邓林。先世三川人。自中允公某,扈建炎皇帝
跸,因家武林。十六世传至君。虽不仕,少以孝弟闻闾里。及壮,博学有经世才,
负大略。遭时丧乱,遁迹城隅,德益高。东南人士,师尊之,至不敢名且字,皆曰
邓林先生。先生父云乔公,丈夫子四举,先生最后。三兄走通邑大都贾。云乔公经
营先生就外传,不令知生产业。先生移瞬辄诵如宿习。发甫燥,一日忽请云乔公曰∶
兄也牵车,有弟不能代。兄奉甘旨硕劳,大人为儿藿肉浆酒谋。卜商氏何人哉?事
父母能竭其力,未学谓学。儿质下中,颇及效仲由负米故事,即百里犹膝下耳。会
延教授余杭溪南者,束修之肉不缺供。与三兄洗腆,分庆伏腊,雍雍如也。云乔公
绝怜爱之。念佳儿须卜佳妇,议先生婚。定情已协,告。先生长跪阿母前,作婴儿
啼,不欲遽受室,割养妻子。迨迟久婚成,先生孝道愈不衰。云乔公素倜傥多奇,
鄙小儒章句学。顾盼诸子,惟先生神似。先生配徐孺人卒。继配杨孺人,尤健持门
户。与先生执子妇礼,足娱两老人堂上。云乔公遂决策命先生游,观先生胆智。先
生亦内顾少慰,从张将军建阃粤东焉。当是时桢朝乱起,所在群盗蚁屯蜂合,不可
爬梳。粤峒獠窥伺蠢动。先生角巾乌衣,以如意指麾方略,出奇捣渠。渠一鼓夺隘,
余莫敢仰视,争牛酒下先生。先生功还阃帅。归省亲,柔声怡容,仍一孝子,无赫
赫功见颜面也。云乔公侦知大喜,语杨孺人曰∶若真吾儿。我家安仁。三十年一进
阶,郁郁着闲居赋,何如此儿差快人意。复命先生往。先生窃见父母饮啖减畴昔,
心忧之。诡言候张将军骑吏来同发。已而云乔公夫妇同夕逝。先生号血数斗,伟躯
者骨立矣。丧毕复游粤。张将军执先生手,如两臂复完。流氛獗甚,张迁转去粤,
深入败没。先生病不与俱,且见事势多不可为,还里门。自拟清凉居士,卖药都市
中。厥后天下大定,交游多至大官,欲举先生于朝。先生掉头不悦,坐医隐,人以
伯休目之。自壮及髦,凡受业先生者,数百辈。观其器宇,即识为潘门弟子。有以
医从先生游,饮上池照,不失尺寸。知先生者曰∶先生寄志于医。盖以兄西怀君善
病,先生体阿母志,往师王绍隆。不但烧须灼艾,终日夕视脉和药必精,故通于神
明如此。三兄先先生死。未亡暨藐遗孤,悉就先生。生分哺,死归葬。又其常行无
足异者,所着书多可传。诗文落落有高致。年七十四,寿终于家。往岁予疾濒殆,
先生方寸匕起之。日一笋舆过余,只鸡尊酒,谈宴欢甚。观先生饮户第一,酡颜俨
红玉,与人坐春风中,知其有隐德者。其子杓灿、苍与,皆邑知名士。苍与早夭。
杓灿敦伦尚节,概有父风,而才尤隽爽,光大先生门户未艾。先生没后三年,与余游交最善。
蒋芑曰∶先生非隐者也,而德以成其隐,时会然也。身不及显,其子欲无显得
乎?惟孝友于兄弟,效奇幕府,晚晦迹于方书,是亦为政焉。乃或父子相戾,亲兄弟争钱财,亦独何哉。
潘隐君姓潘,名楫,字硕甫,号邓林。祖籍是三川人。从先祖中允公某开始,跟随建炎皇帝南渡,于是定居在武林(今杭州)。传至第十六世到了潘先生这一代。他虽然不做官,但年少时便以孝顺父母、友爱兄弟而在乡里闻名。等到成年后,他博学多才,有经世济民的才干,胸怀大略。恰逢时局动荡丧乱,他便隐居在城市角落,品德更加高尚。东南地区的读书人都尊他为师,甚至不敢直呼其名和字,都称他为“邓林先生”。
先生的父亲云乔公有四个儿子,先生排行最小。三个哥哥去通邑大都经商。云乔公安排先生外出求学,不让他接触生产劳作的事务。先生记忆力极好,目光一转就能背诵,如同以前学过一样。头发刚长硬不久,有一天忽然对云乔公说:“兄长驾车拉车,弟弟不能代替。兄长奉养双亲非常辛劳,而父亲母亲还在为儿子的衣食酒肉谋划。卜商(子夏)是什么样的人呢?侍奉父母能竭尽全力,未曾学习之前先学会做人。我资质中等偏下,很希望能效仿仲由背米的故事,即使只有百里远,我也愿意在膝下侍奉。”恰逢当时聘请了教授在余杭溪南的人家,束修之礼的肉食供应不缺。先生与三位哥哥一起沐浴更衣,分享伏腊节的喜庆,家庭和睦融洽。云乔公非常怜爱他。考虑到好儿子需要娶好媳妇,商议给先生定亲。订婚已经协调妥当,告知先生。先生长跪在母亲面前,像婴儿一样哭泣,不想立刻成家,割舍养育妻子儿女的念头。等到婚期推迟很久才完成婚礼,先生的孝心却更加没有衰减。
云乔公向来洒脱不羁,崇尚奇谋,鄙视小儒生的章句之学。他审视几个儿子,只有先生神态气质最像自己。先生的原配徐孺人去世。继配杨孺人,尤其擅长持家。她与先生共同履行儿媳的礼节,足以让两位老人在堂上感到娱乐欣慰。云乔公于是决断让先生出游,考察先生的胆识智慧。先生内心也稍感宽慰,便跟随张将军在广东建立军府任职。当时桢朝战乱兴起,各地群盗如蚂蚁聚集、蜂群合拢,难以梳理治理。广东的山洞蛮族窥伺时机蠢蠢欲动。先生头戴角巾,身穿黑衣,手持如意指挥方略,出奇兵捣毁敌巢。敌巢一经进攻就被夺取关隘,其余敌人不敢抬头正视,争相用牛酒犒劳先生。先生立功后回到军帅处汇报。回家探望亲人时,他声音柔和、面容愉悦,依然是一个孝子,没有在父母面前显露赫赫战功。云乔公侦察得知后大喜,对杨孺人说:“这才是我的真儿子啊。我家安仁(指潘岳,字安仁,此处借指贤子),三十年做官晋升缓慢,郁郁寡欢地写《闲居赋》,哪里比得上这个儿子让人心意畅快。”又命令先生前往。先生私下看到父母饮食减少,心里担忧他们。便谎称等待张将军的骑吏一起来出发。不久之后,云乔公夫妇在同一天去世。先生痛哭吐血数斗,高大的身躯变得骨瘦如柴。丧事完毕后,先生再次前往广东游历。张将军握着先生的手,就像两只手臂重新完好一样。流寇猖獗严重,张将军调任离开广东,深入敌境失败身亡。先生因病没有随军同行,且见局势大多不可为,便返回家乡城门。自号“清凉居士”,在都市中卖药。后来天下大定,交往的朋友多做到高官,想推荐先生到朝廷。先生摇头不悦,以医生身份隐居,人们把他比作伯休(东汉高士严光,字子陵,另一高士梁鸿字伯鸾,此处伯休可能指另一位隐士或泛指高洁之士,通常指梁鸿或类似人物,此处依原文意译为被视作隐士高人)。从壮年到老年,凡是拜先生为师的学生,有几百人。观察他们的器宇风度,就能识别出是潘门的弟子。有人跟从先生学习医术,通过饮上池水(传说扁鹊饮上池水以明目治病,此处指通过特殊方式修炼医术或诊断能力)来观察病情,不失分寸。了解先生的人说:“先生将志向寄托在医学上。大概是因为西怀君(先生的三兄)善于生病,先生体察母亲的意志,前往拜师王绍隆。不仅仅是烧胡须灸艾草,整天整夜诊脉配药必须精细,所以通达神明如此。”三兄比先生先去世。未亡人及年幼的遗孤,全都依附于先生。先生生前分粮喂养,死后归葬故乡。这些都是他平常的行为,没有什么特别奇怪的,他所著的书籍大多可以流传。诗文落落大方,有高远的志趣。享年七十四岁,在家中寿终正寝。往年我病危濒死,先生用方匕大小的药量救活了我。每天坐着竹轿来看望我,备只鸡一樽酒,谈话宴饮非常欢乐。看先生饮酒第一,醉后脸色红润像红玉一样,与人坐在春风中,知道他是拥有隐德的人。他的儿子杓灿、苍与,都是县里知名的士人。苍与早逝。杓灿敦厚伦理崇尚节操,概略有父亲的风范,而且才华更加俊爽,光大先生门户的事业尚未结束。先生去世三年后,我与余(作者自称)交往最深。
蒋芑说:“先生不是真正的隐者,而是以德行成就了他的隐居,这是时势使然。自身未能显达,他的儿子能不显达吗?只有他对父母孝顺,对兄弟友爱,在幕府中展现奇才,晚年隐藏在医书中,这也是从政啊。然而有的人父子相违背,亲兄弟争夺钱财,这又是为什么呢?”
Mr. Yin Jun (Reclusive Gentleman) was surnamed Pan, given name Ji, courtesy name Shuofu, and pseudonym Denglin. His ancestral home was in Sanchuan. Starting from his ancestor, the Zhongyun Official [Official of the Palace Library] certain-someone, who followed Emperor Jianyan on his southern retreat, the family settled in Wulin (modern Hangzhou). By the sixteenth generation, it reached Mr. Pan. Although he did not hold official office, he was renowned in his neighborhood for filial piety and fraternal duty since youth. Upon reaching adulthood, he was erudite and possessed talent for governing the world, harboring grand strategies. Amidst times of turmoil and chaos, he hid away in the corners of the city, and his virtue became even more exalted. Scholars from the southeast revered him as their teacher, to the extent that they dared not address him by his name or courtesy name, but all called him "Mr. Denglin."
Mr. Pan's father, Mr. Yunqiao, had four sons, with Mr. Pan being the youngest. His three elder brothers went to the major cities to engage in commerce. Mr. Yunqiao arranged for Mr. Pan to study outside, forbidding him from knowing about productive labor. Mr. Pan had an exceptional memory; whenever he glanced at something, he could recite it as if he had studied it before. Shortly after his hair hardened, one day he suddenly said to Mr. Yunqiao: "My elder brothers pull carts and drive vehicles, yet I cannot take their place. My brothers work hard to provide for our parents, while Father and Mother still plan for my food, meat, and wine. What kind of person was Bu Shang (Zixia)? Serving parents requires giving one's all; before learning formal studies, one must first learn conduct. My nature is mediocre, but I greatly wish to emulate the story of Zhong You carrying rice. Even if it were only a hundred li, I would serve at your knees." At that time, a tutor was hired in Xinan, Yuhang, and the offerings of meat for tuition fees were never lacking. Mr. Pan bathed and dressed ceremoniously with his three elder brothers, sharing the joys of the Fu and La festivals, living in harmonious unity. Mr. Yunqiao cherished him deeply. Considering that a fine son needs a fine wife, they discussed arranging a marriage for Mr. Pan. The engagement was already coordinated and announced to Mr. Pan. Mr. Pan knelt long on the ground before his mother, crying like an infant, unwilling to marry immediately, and cutting off thoughts of raising a wife and children. When the wedding was finally held after a long delay, Mr. Pan's filial piety did not wane at all.
Mr. Yunqiao was naturally free-spirited and fond of unusual strategies, despising the pedantic scholarship of minor Confucians. Looking at his sons, he saw that only Mr. Pan resembled him in spirit and demeanor. Mr. Pan's first wife, Lady Xu, passed away. His second wife, Lady Yang, was especially capable in managing the household. She performed the duties of a daughter-in-law alongside Mr. Pan, bringing joy to the two elders in the hall. Mr. Yunqiao then decided to let Mr. Pan travel abroad to test his courage and wisdom. Mr. Pan felt somewhat comforted internally and thus followed General Zhang to establish a military command in Guangdong. At that time, rebellions broke out during the Zhen Dynasty, and bandits gathered everywhere like ants and bees, impossible to pacify. The Yao people in the Guangdong caves were watching and stirring up trouble. Mr. Pan, wearing a cornered hat and black clothes, directed strategies with a ruyi scepter, launching surprise attacks to strike the enemy's main channels. Once the stronghold was captured in one assault, the remaining enemies dared not look up, competing to offer cattle and wine to Mr. Pan. After returning with merit to the Commander, he visited his relatives. With a soft voice and pleasant expression, he remained a filial son, showing no glorious achievements to his parents' faces. Mr. Yunqiao, upon hearing this, was overjoyed and said to Lady Yang: "This is truly my son. Our Anren [referring to Pan Yue, style name Anren, a symbol of filial piety] served for thirty years with slow promotion, writing the 'Ode to Leisure' in depression. How can he compare to this son who brings such satisfaction?" He ordered Mr. Pan to go again. Privately, Mr. Pan noticed his parents' eating and drinking had decreased compared to the past and worried about them. He fabricated an excuse, saying he was waiting for General Zhang's cavalry officer to depart together. Soon after, Mr. Yunqiao and his wife passed away on the same night. Mr. Pan wept blood, and his tall body became skeletal. After the funeral, he resumed his travels in Guangdong. General Zhang held Mr. Pan's hand as if both arms had been restored. The rebel forces were extremely fierce; General Zhang transferred away from Guangdong and perished in defeat deep in enemy territory. Mr. Pan did not accompany the army due to illness and, seeing that the situation was largely unmanageable, returned to his hometown. He styled himself "Resident of Qingliang" and sold medicine in the city. Later, when the world was pacified, many of his acquaintances rose to high official positions and wished to recommend Mr. Pan to the court. Mr. Pan shook his head in displeasure, choosing to remain a medical recluse. People regarded him as Boxiu [a reference to a reclusive scholar]. From youth to old age, hundreds of students studied under him. Observing their bearing, one could immediately identify them as disciples of the Pan school. Some followed Mr. Pan to study medicine, using the method of drinking "Shangchi water" [legendary practice associated with Bian Que to enhance vision/medical insight] to diagnose conditions without error. Those who knew Mr. Pan said: "Mr. Pan entrusted his aspirations to medicine. This was likely because his brother Xi Huai Jun [Third Brother] was prone to illness, and Mr. Pan, respecting his mother's will, went to study under Wang Shaolong. It was not merely about burning moxa and applying acupuncture; he attended to pulse-taking and herbal preparation day and night with precision, thus achieving spiritual clarity." His third brother died before Mr. Pan. The widow and young orphans all relied on Mr. Pan. He provided for them during life and ensured proper burial after death. These were his ordinary actions, nothing particularly extraordinary. His written works are mostly worthy of transmission. His poetry and prose were distinct and possessed lofty sentiments. He lived to seventy-four and passed away peacefully at home. In previous years, when I was critically ill and near death, Mr. Pan revived me with a dose of medicine from a square inch-sized scoop. Every day, he visited me in a bamboo sedan chair, bringing a chicken and a jar of wine, engaging in joyful conversation and banqueting. Watching Mr. Pan drink, he was the first; his flushed face was red as jade, sitting among people like spring breeze. One could know he possessed hidden virtue. His sons, Biao Can and Cang Yu, were both renowned scholars in the county. Cang Yu died young. Biao Can was earnest in ethics and valued integrity, inheriting his father's style, and was even more talented and outstanding, continuing to expand the family's reputation. Three years after Mr. Pan's death, my friendship with him was the closest.
Jiang Qi said: "Mr. Pan was not truly a recluse, but his virtue constituted his reclusion; this was due to the times. He did not achieve prominence himself, so how could his son fail to do so? Only through filial piety to parents and fraternal love to brothers, demonstrating unique talents in the military staff, and hiding in medical texts in his later years, did he effectively govern. Yet some fathers and sons oppose each other, and biological brothers fight over money. Why is this?"