今岁热甚闻道路城市昏仆而死者此皆虚人劳人或饥饱失节或素有疾一为暑气所中不得泄
即关
窍皆窒非暑气使然气闭塞而死也古方治暑无它但用辛甘发散疏导心气与水流行则无害矣崇宁
乙酉岁余为书局时一养马仆驰马出局下忽仆地绝急以五苓大顺散灌之皆不验已超时同舍王相
使取大蒜一握道上热土杂研烂以新水和之滤去滓决其齿灌之少顷即苏至暮此仆为余复御而归
乃知药病相对有如此者此方本徐州沛市县门忽有板书钉其上或传神仙欲以救人者沈存中王圣
美皆着其说而余亲验之乃使书百本散远近庶几有救其急者也(石林老人避暑录)
人病伤寒阳证或患热疾服凉药而得愈饮食未充夜间辄睡不着是胆冷也若脉细身凉随其虚
实下
金液丹一服大冷者下百粒及五六十粒不甚冷者三二十粒即睡着当以脉证为准也脉细微大便不
甚实小便清面色青白舌下不红面带青色皆冷证也(医余)
伤寒病初瘥不可过饱及劳动或食羊肉行房事与食诸骨汁并饮酒病方愈脾胃尚弱食过饱不
能消
化病即再来谓之食复病方愈气血尚虚劳太早病即再来谓之劳复又伤寒食羊肉行房事并死食诸
骨汁饮酒者再病庞安常云饮酒者亦死
夫伤寒中风湿温热病痉 时疫虽同阴阳之法须别作治疗若与伤寒同治必至危损经言脉有
阴阳
之法何也凡脉浮大洪数动滑此名阳脉也沉细涩弱弦微此名阴脉也阴病见阳脉者生阳病见阴脉
者死审而察之
今年天气酷热，听说有人在道路或城市中突然昏倒死亡。这些死者都是体质虚弱、过度劳累的人，或者是饮食饥饱失常，或者平素就有疾病，一旦受到暑气侵袭，邪气无法宣泄，就会导致关窍闭塞不通，并非暑气直接致死，而是气机闭塞导致死亡。古代方剂治疗中暑没有特别的方法，只是使用辛甘发散的药物来疏导心气，使水液运行通畅，就不会有危害了。崇宁乙酉年（1105年），我在书局任职时，有一个养马的仆人在骑马出城下马时突然倒地，气息急促濒危。我用五苓散和大顺散灌服他，都没有见效。过了很久，同住的朋友王相使取来一把大蒜，混合路上的热土一起捣烂，用新汲的水调和，过滤去渣滓，撬开他的牙齿灌下去。过了一会儿他就苏醒过来。到了晚上，这个仆人替我重新牵马回家。这才知道药物与病症相对应有如此神奇的效果。这个方子原本在徐州沛县的城门上被人书写张贴，有人说是神仙留下的，想要用来救人。沈括（沈存中）和王圣美都记载了这个说法，而我亲自验证过它的有效性，于是让人抄写了一百本散发到远近各地，希望能在紧急时刻救人性命。（出自《石林老人避暑录》）
有人患伤寒阳证，或者患有热性疾病，服用凉药后痊愈，但饮食还没有恢复正常，夜间就总是睡不着觉，这是胆寒的缘故。如果脉象细弱、身体发凉，根据虚实的不同，服用金液丹：体质极冷的服用一百粒，体质不太冷的服用五六十粒，体质不很冷的服用三四十粒，就能睡着。应当以脉象和证候为准。脉象细微、大便不是很实、小便清长、面色青白、舌下不红、面带青色，这些都是寒证的表现。（出自《医余》）
伤寒病刚痊愈时，不可吃得过饱，也不可过度劳动，或者吃羊肉、行房事、喝骨头汤以及饮酒。因为病刚愈，脾胃还很虚弱，吃得过饱不能消化，病就会复发，这叫做“食复”。病刚愈，气血还很虚弱，过早劳累，病就会复发，这叫做“劳复”。另外，伤寒病初愈时吃羊肉、行房事、喝骨头汤、饮酒导致再次发病的，有的甚至会死亡。庞安常曾说，饮酒导致复发的也会死亡。
至于伤寒、中风、风湿、温热病、痉病、时疫，虽然都遵循阴阳辨证的方法，但必须分别进行治疗。如果用治疗伤寒的方法来治疗其他疾病，必然会导致危险和损伤。经文说脉诊有区分阴阳的方法，为什么呢？凡是脉象浮、大、洪、数、动、滑的，称为阳脉；脉象沉、细、涩、弱、弦、微的，称为阴脉。阴病见到阳脉的预后良好（生），阳病见到阴脉的预后不良（死）。仔细审察这一点。
This year, the heat was intense. It was heard that people suddenly fainted and died on roads or in cities. These deceased individuals were all those with weak constitutions, overworked, or whose diet had been irregular (experiencing alternating hunger and fullness), or who suffered from pre-existing conditions. Once struck by summer-heat pathogen (Shu Qi), if the pathogenic factor could not be vented, it would cause the closure of orifices and blockage of qi mechanisms. Death was not caused directly by summer-heat, but by the obstruction of qi leading to death. Ancient prescriptions for treating summer-heat did not employ special methods; they simply used acrid-sweet dispersing herbs to unblock heart qi and promote water metabolism, thereby preventing harm. In the Yiyi year of the Chongning era (1105 AD), while I was serving at the Book Bureau, a groom suddenly collapsed after dismounting his horse outside the city gate, presenting with critical and rapid breathing. I administered Wuling San (Poria Pill) and Dashun San (Great Harmony Powder), but neither was effective. After some time, my colleague Wang Xiangshi took a handful of garlic, mixed it with hot earth from the road, mashed them together, blended the mixture with fresh water, filtered out the dregs, pried open the patient's teeth, and poured the liquid in. Shortly after, he regained consciousness. By evening, this servant remounted the horse to guide me back home. Only then did I realize how precisely a specific formula can correspond to a specific disease. This prescription was originally posted on the city gate of Peixian, Xuzhou, written by someone claiming it was left by an immortal to save lives. Shen Kuo (Zhen Cunzhong) and Wang Shengmei both recorded this account. Having personally verified its efficacy, I ordered one hundred copies to be distributed widely, hoping to provide emergency aid to those in need. (From *Bushu Lulu* by Shilin Laoren)
When a person suffers from Yang-pattern Cold Damage (Shanghan) or other febrile diseases, and recovers after taking cooling medicines, but sleeplessness occurs at night despite food intake not yet being fully restored, this is due to Gallbladder cold. If the pulse is fine and the body feels cool, administer Jinye Dan (Golden Fluid Pill) according to the pattern of deficiency or excess: for those with severe cold, administer 100 pills; for those with moderate cold, 50-60 pills; for those with mild cold, 30-40 pills, which will induce sleep. The decision should be based on the pulse and clinical manifestations. A fine and subtle pulse, stool that is not particularly solid, clear urine, bluish-white complexion, non-red sublingual veins, and a bluish tint to the face are all indicators of Cold patterns. (From *Yiyu*)
After the initial recovery from Cold Damage, one must avoid overeating, excessive physical labor, consuming mutton, engaging in sexual intercourse, drinking bone broth, or consuming alcohol. Since the Spleen and Stomach are still weak upon recovery, overeating leads to indigestion, causing the disease to recur, termed "Food Recurrence" (Shi Fu). Since Qi and Blood are still deficient, early exertion causes recurrence, termed "Labor Recurrence" (Lao Fu). Furthermore, consuming mutton, engaging in sexual intercourse, drinking bone broth, or alcohol during the initial recovery phase of Cold Damage can lead to relapse. In severe cases, this may result in death. Pang Anchang stated that relapse caused by alcohol consumption can also be fatal.
Although Cold Damage, Wind-Stroke, Wind-Dampness, Warm-Thermal diseases, Spasm disorders, and Epidemic diseases all follow the principles of Yin and Yang differentiation, they require distinct treatments. Treating them identically to Cold Damage will inevitably lead to critical deterioration or injury. The classic texts state that pulse diagnosis distinguishes between Yin and Yang. What does this mean? Pulses that are Floating (Fu), Large (Da), Surging (Hong), Rapid (Shu), Agitated (Dong), or Slippery (Hua) are named Yang pulses. Pulses that are Deep (Chen), Fine (Xi), Choppy (Se), Weak (Ruo), Bowstring (Xian), or Minute (Wei) are named Yin pulses. When a Yin-pattern disease presents with a Yang pulse, prognosis is favorable (Life); when a Yang-pattern disease presents with a Yin pulse, prognosis is unfavorable (Death). One must carefully examine and observe these signs.