齐中尉潘满如病小腹痛臣意诊其脉曰遗积瘕也臣意即谓齐太仆臣饶内史臣繇曰中尉不复
自止
于内则三十日死后二十余日溲血死病得之酒且内所以知潘满如病者臣意切其脉深小弱其卒然
合合也是脾气也右脉气口至紧小见瘕气也以次相乘故三十日死三阴俱抟者如法不俱抟者决在
急期一搏一代者近也故其三阴抟溲血如前止(史记)
临 女子薄吾病甚众医皆以为寒热当死臣意诊其脉曰蛲瘕为病腹大上肤黄粗循之戚戚然
臣
意饮以芫花一撮即出蛲可数升病已三十日如故蛲得之于寒湿寒湿气郁笃不发化为蛊臣意所以
知薄吾病者切其脉循其尺其尺索刺粗而毛美奉发是虫气也其色泽者虫藏无邪气及重病(史记)
隋有患者尝饥而吞食则下致胸便即吐出医作噎疾鬲气翻胃三候治之无验有老医任度视之
曰非
此三疾盖因食蛇肉不消而致斯病但揣心腹上有蛇形也病者曰素有大风尝求蛇肉食风稍愈复患
此疾矣遂以芒硝大黄合而治之微泄利则愈医皆记其验而知蛇瘕也
干德中江浙间有慎道恭者肌瘦如劳唯好食米阙之则口中清水出情似忧思食米顿便如常众
医不
辩后遇蜀僧道广处方以鸡屎及白米各半合共炒如末以水一中盏调顿服良久病者吐出如米形遂
瘥病源谓米瘕是也
徐文伯字德秀笃好医术宋明帝宫人患腰痛牵心发则气绝众医以为肉瘕文伯视之曰此发瘕
也以
油灌之即吐物如发稍长引之长三尺头已成蛇又能摇动悬柱上水沥尽唯余一发而已遂愈(名医
录同上)
齐国中尉潘满如患有小腹部疼痛的症状。臣意（淳于意）诊察他的脉象后说：“这是遗积瘕病。”臣意随即对齐国太仆臣饶和内史臣繇说：“这位中尉如果不节制房事，三十天后就会死亡；如果死后二十多天出现尿血，便会死去。这个病是由于饮酒且行房事所致。”之所以能判断出潘满如是这种病，是因为臣意切按其脉象，发现脉位深沉、细小而微弱，且突然呈现出“合合”的脉象特征，这是脾气受损的表现；右侧脉口处的脉气紧小而见瘕气之象。由于诸邪依次相乘，所以预计三十天后死亡。若三阴经的脉象都搏动有力，则按此法推断；若不都搏动有力，则决断在紧急期限。若脉象一搏一代（间歇），则死期较近。因此，当三阴脉搏动且伴有尿血时，正如前述，会在三十日内死亡。（出自《史记》）
临淄女子薄吾病情严重，众多医生都认为是寒热病，认为她会死。臣意诊察她的脉象后说：“这是蛲瘕病。”该病表现为腹部胀大，皮肤发黄粗糙，用手抚摸时有戚戚然的感觉。臣意给她服用一撮芫花，随即排出蛲虫，数量可达数升，病愈。三十日后身体恢复如初。蛲瘕是由于寒湿之气郁结深重而不发，化为蛊毒所致。臣意之所以知道薄吾患的是蛲瘕，是因为切按其脉并循摸尺部，发现其尺脉索然刺手且粗糙，毛发美盛，这是虫气的表现；面色润泽，说明虫藏体内而无邪气及重病之象。（出自《史记》）
隋朝有一位患者，曾经饥饿时吞食蛇肉，导致食物下行受阻，胸部憋闷随即吐出。医生们按照噎疾、膈气、翻胃这三种病症治疗，都没有效果。有一位老医生任度诊治后说：“这不是这三种疾病，大概是因为吃了蛇肉不消化而导致此病，只需揣摸心腹上方有蛇形的硬块即可确诊。”患者说：“素来患有大风病（麻风病），曾求食蛇肉，风病稍有好转，又患了此疾。”于是用芒硝和大黄合剂治疗，轻微腹泻后痊愈。医家们都记录下这次疗效，从而知道了蛇瘕病。
干德年间，江浙一带有个叫慎道恭的人，肌肉消瘦如同劳损病人，唯独喜欢吃米饭，如果没有米饭，口中就会流出清水，神情似忧愁思虑，一旦吃米饭便像常人一样正常。众医不能辨别病因，后来遇到蜀地僧人道广，处方以鸡屎和白米各半合，共同炒成粉末，用水一中盏调匀顿服。过了很久，患者吐出了像米粒形状的东西，于是病愈。病源称为米瘕。
徐文伯，字德秀，笃爱医术。宋明帝的宫人患有腰痛牵引心痛，发作时气息断绝。众医认为是肉瘕。徐文伯诊治后说：“这是发瘕。”他用油灌入患者口中，随即吐出物体如头发，稍微拉长后有三尺长，头部已成形像蛇，还能摇动，悬挂在柱子上水流沥尽，只剩下一根头发而已，于是痊愈。（出自《名医录》，同上）
The Zhongwei (Commandant) of Qi, Pan Manru, suffered from lower abdominal pain. Chen Yi (Chunyu Yi) examined his pulse and said, "This is a disease of residual accumulation and mass (Yi Ji Jia)." Chen Yi then told the Grand Coachman of Qi, Chen Rao, and the Inner Historian, Chen Yao, "If this Commandant does not cease sexual activity, he will die in thirty days; if he passes blood in urine twenty-plus days after death, he will perish. This illness was contracted through alcohol consumption and sexual intercourse." The reason Chen Yi knew that Pan Manru suffered from this condition was that upon palpating his pulse, it was deep, small, and weak, suddenly presenting a "he-he" (closing/clumping) quality, which indicates damage to Spleen Qi. On the right side at the Mai Kou (Pulse Opening), the qi was tight and small, revealing signs of a mass. Because pathogens multiply sequentially, death was predicted within thirty days. If the pulses of the three Yin meridians were all taut, the prediction would hold according to this method; if not all were taut, the decision would be made regarding an urgent timeframe. A pulse that beats once and then skips (yi bo yi dai) suggests a near-term death. Therefore, when the three Yin pulses are taut accompanied by hematuria, as described above, death occurs within thirty days. (From *Records of the Grand Historian*)
Bo Wu, a woman from Linzi, was severely ill. Many physicians believed she had alternating cold and heat syndrome and predicted her death. Chen Yi examined her pulse and said, "This is a Ascaris mass (Nuo Jia)." The symptoms include abdominal distension, yellowish and rough skin, and a sensation of trembling or discomfort upon palpation. Chen Yi administered one tuac (a traditional unit of measure) of *Kansui Radix* (Yuan Hua), after which numerous roundworms were expelled, amounting to several sheng (a volume unit). The disease was cured, and thirty days later, her body returned to normal. Nuo Jia arises from the stagnation and intensification of Cold-Dampness, transforming into Gu poison. Chen Yi identified Bo Wu's condition as Nuo Jia because palpating the Chi position revealed a string-like, prickly, and coarse pulse with lustrous hair, indicating the presence of parasites. Her complexion was lustrous, suggesting that while parasites resided within, there was no severe pathogenic invasion or critical organ damage. (From *Records of the Grand Historian*)
During the Sui Dynasty, a patient swallowed snake meat while hungry, resulting in food obstruction descending, chest fullness, and subsequent vomiting. Physicians treated him for Dysphagia (Ye Ji), Diaphragmatic Qi Stagnation (Ge Qi), and Reverse Flow of Stomach Qi (Fan Wei) without success. An old physician named Ren Du diagnosed the case, stating, "This is not one of these three diseases. It is likely caused by undigested snake meat. One can confirm this by palpating the upper abdomen and heart region for a snake-shaped mass." The patient replied, "I have long suffered from Feng disease (likely Leprosy/Mal de Chiroux) and ate snake meat, which alleviated my symptoms slightly, but I subsequently developed this illness." He was treated with a combination of *Mirabilite* (Mang Xiao) and *Rhubarb Rhizome and Tuber* (Da Huang), resulting in mild diarrhea and recovery. Physicians recorded this efficacy, thereby learning of the Snake Mass (She Jia).
During the Gaide era, in the Jiang-Zhe region, there was a man named Shen Daogong who appeared emaciated like a consumptive patient but had a strong craving for rice. Without rice, clear saliva would flow from his mouth, and he appeared melancholic. Upon eating rice, he functioned normally. Physicians could not identify the cause. Later, a monk from Shu named Dao Guang prescribed a mixture of half a he (a volume unit) of chicken droppings and half a he of white rice, stir-fried together into a powder. This was mixed with one zhong (a vessel unit) of water and taken in one dose. After some time, the patient vomited matter resembling rice grains, and the disease was cured. This condition is known as Rice Mass (Mi Jia).
Xu Wenbo, courtesy name Dexiu, was deeply devoted to medical arts. A palace maid of Emperor Ming of Song suffered from lower back pain radiating to the heart, with episodes causing breathlessness. Physicians diagnosed it as Flesh Mass (Rou Jia). Xu Wenbo examined her and said, "This is Hair Mass (Fa Jia)." He administered oil orally, whereupon she vomited an object resembling hair. When extended, it measured three chi (a length unit), with a head formed like a snake, capable of wriggling. Suspended on a pillar, water drained completely, leaving only a single hair strand. She was then cured. (From *Biographies of Famous Doctors*, same source)