胸前未胀痛者，邪在表。胸胀满者，邪
在半表半里。既下后，下部痛甚者防结胸。胸胀气急，大小便不通者死。心畏惧，胸前红
甚者死。
小腹未硬痛者，邪在表。小腹硬痛者，邪入里。小腹绕脐硬痛，小便短缩者，燥屎。小
腹痛，脉沉迟者阴寒，当温之。腹胀大小便闭者死。腹胀闭，不得气息者死。腹胀时减，而
痛绵绵者，里症未实，大便通为虚。内外无寒者，为阳实热利，大便闭为实。内外无热者，为
阴结便闭。小腹硬痛，小便自利，大便黑者，蓄血，小腹胀痛，大便如常，小便不利者，溺涩。
小便红为热，浅红淡黄者阴虚。小便白为寒。浑白如米泔者为湿热。腹胀气少者死。腹胀
而泻，脉大者死。腹胀而鸣，肢冷而泻，发热形瘦，脉大者死。腹胀干呕烦热，大小便闭，脉沉
细者死。吐血腹胀，脉疾者死。气喘大小便闭者死。浮肿喘气，脉细者死。泻利气喘者死。
泻利，发热脉大者死。溺多心烦者死。脐肿反出者死。阴囊龟头皆肿者死。内热喉干，溺多
心烦者死。泄泻不止者死。
手大指在外（男顺女逆），手大指内握（女顺男逆），手热足冷，头痛发热者，挟阴症。手
热足冷，汗多妄言者，暑湿病。手冷足热者，阴虚阳弱。数手指者死。两手撮空者死。指
甲白者死。手足指甲内肉黑者死。指爪枯毛折者死。足 肿，两膝肿如斗者死。足 肿，
头重作吐者死。手足抽搐，目上视，身反向后者虚风。额上及手足冷者阴症。不能久立，
行则掉动者骨败。膝难伸动，行则曲附者筋败。循衣摸床者死。抽衣撮空者死。惊骇筋
束者死。循衣缝谵语者死。
胸前部位没有胀痛感的，说明病邪在体表。胸部胀满的，说明病邪在半表半里之间。经过泻下治疗后，如果下部疼痛剧烈的，要防止出现结胸证。胸部胀满、气息急促，且大小便都不通的，预后不良，主死。心中恐惧，胸前皮肤红赤严重的，预后不良，主死。
小腹部位没有变硬且疼痛的，说明病邪在体表。小腹变硬且疼痛的，说明病邪已入里。小腹绕脐部坚硬疼痛，小便短少的，是燥屎内结。小腹痛，脉象沉迟的，属于阴寒证，应当用温法治疗。腹部胀满且大小便闭塞不通的，预后不良，主死。腹部胀满闭塞，呼吸困难无法喘息的，预后不良，主死。腹部胀满但有时减轻，疼痛绵绵不断的，是里证尚未结实，大便通畅则属虚证。体内体外都没有寒象的，属于阳实热利，若大便闭塞则属实证。体内体外都没有热象的，属于阴结导致的大便闭塞。小腹坚硬疼痛，小便自利（正常），大便黑色的，是蓄血证；小腹胀痛，大便如常，小便不利的，是溺涩证。小便颜色红赤的是热证，浅红淡黄的是阴虚证。小便清白的是寒证。小便浑浊白如米泔水的是湿热证。腹部胀满且气短微弱的，预后不良，主死。腹部胀满且腹泻，脉象大的，预后不良，主死。腹部胀满且肠鸣，四肢冰冷且腹泻，身体发热且形体消瘦，脉象大的，预后不良，主死。腹部胀满、干呕、烦热，大小便闭塞，脉象沉细的，预后不良，主死。吐血且腹部胀满，脉象疾速的，预后不良，主死。气喘且大小便闭塞的，预后不良，主死。浮肿且气喘，脉象细的，预后不良，主死。腹泻痢疾且气喘的，预后不良，主死。腹泻痢疾，身体发热且脉象大的，预后不良，主死。小便频多且心烦的，预后不良，主死。肚脐肿胀并外突的，预后不良，主死。阴囊和龟头都肿胀的，预后不良，主死。体内发热、喉咙干燥，小便频多且心烦的，预后不良，主死。泄泻不止的，预后不良，主死。
手大拇指向外伸展（男性为顺，女性为逆），或向内紧握（女性为顺，男性为逆），手部发热足部寒冷，伴有头痛发热的，是挟阴症。手部发热足部寒冷，出汗多且胡言乱语的，是暑湿病。手部寒冷足部发热的，是阴虚阳弱。手指频繁数动（抽搐）的，预后不良，主死。两手无意识地抓空摸物的，预后不良，主死。指甲白色的，预后不良，主死。手足指甲内的肉色黑的，预后不良，主死。指爪干枯、毛发折断的，预后不良，主死。足部肿胀，双膝肿胀像斗一样大的，预后不良，主死。足部肿胀，头部沉重且想呕吐的，预后不良，主死。手足抽搐，眼睛上翻，身体向后反折的，是虚风。额头及手足冰冷的，是阴症。不能久站，行走时摇晃不稳的，是骨败。抚摸衣被边缘、抓空摸物的，预后不良，主死。拉扯衣服、抓空摸物的，预后不良，主死。惊恐骇怕、筋脉拘急束缩的，预后不良，主死。抚摸衣缝、说胡话的，预后不良，主死。
If there is no distension or pain in the chest, the pathogenic factor is at the exterior. If the chest is distended and full, the pathogenic factor is at the half-exterior half-interior level. After purgation, if severe pain occurs in the lower part, one should guard against Jie Xiong (Chest Binding Syndrome). If the chest is distended, breathing is rapid, and both urination and defecation are blocked, death ensues. If the heart feels fearful and the skin of the chest is severely red, death ensues.
If the lower abdomen is not hard and painful, the pathogenic factor is at the exterior. If the lower abdomen is hard and painful, the pathogenic factor has entered the interior. If the lower abdomen is hard and painful around the umbilicus, and urine is scanty, this indicates Zao Shi (Dry Feces). If there is pain in the lower abdomen and the pulse is deep and slow, it is a Yin Cold syndrome, which should be treated with warming methods. If the abdomen is distended and both urination and defecation are blocked, death ensues. If the abdomen is distended and closed, and breath cannot be drawn, death ensues. If the abdomen is distended but occasionally relieves itself, and the pain is continuous and lingering, the interior syndrome is not yet solid; if the stool passes freely, it is a deficiency pattern. If there is neither cold nor heat inside and outside, it is Yang Excess Heat Li (Dysentery); if the stool is blocked, it is an excess pattern. If there is neither heat nor cold inside and outside, it is Yin Jie (Yin Binding) causing constipation. If the lower abdomen is hard and painful, urination is normal, and the stool is black, this is Xu Xue (Blood Stasis); if the lower abdomen is distended and painful, the stool is normal, and urination is difficult, this is Niao Se (Urinary Difficulty). Red urine indicates Heat; pale red and light yellow urine indicates Yin Deficiency. White urine indicates Cold. Turbid white urine like rice water indicates Damp-Heat. If the abdomen is distended and Qi is deficient/weak, death ensues. If the abdomen is distended and accompanied by diarrhea, and the pulse is large, death ensues. If the abdomen is distended and borborygmus is present, limbs are cold and diarrhea occurs, fever is present, the body is emaciated, and the pulse is large, death ensues. If the abdomen is distended, dry heaving occurs, there is vexation and heat, both urination and defecation are blocked, and the pulse is deep and fine, death ensues. If hematemesis occurs with abdominal distension, and the pulse is rapid, death ensues. If panting occurs with blocked urination and defecation, death ensues. If edema and panting occur, and the pulse is fine, death ensues. If dysentery/diarrhea is accompanied by panting, death ensues. If dysentery/diarrhea is accompanied by fever and a large pulse, death ensues. If there is polyuria with vexation, death ensues. If the umbilicus swells and protrudes, death ensues. If both the scrotum and glans penis swell, death ensues. If there is internal heat and dry throat, with polyuria and vexation, death ensues. If diarrhea is unceasing, death ensues.
If the thumb of the hand extends outward (favorable for males, unfavorable for females) or inwardly clenches (favorable for females, unfavorable for males), accompanied by hot hands and cold feet, headache, and fever, this is Xia Yin Syndrome (Yin-Clausing Syndrome). If there are hot hands and cold feet, profuse sweating, and delirious speech, this is Shu Shi Bing (Summerheat-Dampness Disease). If hands are cold and feet are hot, it indicates Yin Deficiency and Yang Weakness. Frequent twitching of the fingers indicates death. Grasping at empty air with both hands indicates death. White fingernails indicate death. Black flesh inside the fingernails of hands and feet indicates death. Withered claws and broken hair indicate death. Swollen feet with knees swollen as large as a dou (a unit of measure) indicate death. Swollen feet with a heavy head and tendency to vomit indicate death. Convulsions of hands and feet, upward deviation of the eyes, and opisthotonos (body bending backward) indicate Xu Feng (Deficiency Wind). Coldness on the forehead and hands and feet indicates a Yin syndrome. Inability to stand for long periods and swaying while walking indicates Gu Bai (Bone Degeneration). Inability to extend the knees and squatting while walking indicates Jin Bai (Tendon Degeneration). Touching clothes and bed linens indicates death. Pulling clothes and grasping at empty air indicates death. Terror, fear, and tendon binding/constriction indicate death. Touching clothing seams and speaking deliriously indicates death.