四十五证 方一十六首
少阴之为病，脉微细，但欲寐。
少阴病，欲吐而不烦，但欲寐，五六日自利而渴者，属少阴，虚故引水自救。小便白者
，少阴病形悉具，其人小便白者，下焦虚寒不能制溲，故白也。夫病其脉阴阳俱紧，而反汗
出，为阳，属少阴，法当咽痛而复吐利。
少阴病，咳而下利，谵语，是为被火气劫故也，小便必难，为强责少阴汗也。
少阴病，脉细沉数，病在里，不可发其汗。
少阴病，脉微不可发其汗，无阳故也；阳已虚，尺中弱涩者，复不可下之。
少阴病，脉紧者，至七八日，下利，其脉暴微，手足反温，其脉紧反去，此为欲解，虽
烦，下利必自愈。
少阴病，下利，若利止，恶寒而蜷，手足温者，可治。
少阴病，恶寒而蜷，时自烦，欲去其衣被，可治。
少阴中风，其脉阳微阴浮，为欲愈。
少阴病，欲解时，从子尽寅。
少阴病，八九日，而一身手足尽热，热在膀胱，必便血。
少阴病，其人吐利，手足不逆，反发热，不死，脉不足者，灸其少阴七壮。
少阴病，但厥无汗，强发之必动血，未知从何道出，或从口鼻目出，是为下厥上竭，为
难治。
少阴病，恶寒，蜷而利，手足逆者，不治。
少阴病，下利止而眩，时时自冒者死。
少阴病，其人吐利，躁逆者死。
少阴病，四逆恶寒而蜷，其脉不至，其人不烦而躁者，死。
少阴病六七日，其息高者，死。
少阴病，脉微细沉，但欲卧，汗出不烦，自欲吐，至五六日，自利，复烦躁不得卧寐者，
死。
少阴病，始得之，反发热，脉反沉者，麻黄细辛附子汤主之。方∶
麻黄（二两，去节） 细辛（二两） 附子（一枚，炮，去皮，破八片）
上三味，以水二斗，先煮麻黄，减一升，去上沫，纳诸药，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升
少阴病，得之二三日，麻黄附子甘草汤微发汗，以二三日无证，故微发汗。方；
麻黄（二两，去节） 附子（一枚，炮，去皮，破八片） 甘草（二两，炙）
上三味，以水七升，先煮麻黄一二沸，去上沫，纳诸药，煮取二升半，去滓，温服八合
少阴病，得之二三日以上，心中烦，不得卧者，黄连阿胶汤主之。方∶
黄连（四两） 黄芩（一两） 芍药（二两） 鸡子黄（二枚） 阿胶（三挺）
上五味，以水六升，先煮三味，取二升，去滓，纳胶烊尽，纳鸡子黄，搅令相得，温服
七合，日三服。
少阴病，得之一二日，口中和，其背中恶寒者，当灸之，附子汤主之。
少阴病，身体痛，手足寒，骨节痛，脉沉者，附子汤主之。方∶
附子（二枚，炮，去皮，破八片） 茯苓（三两） 人参（二两） 白术（四两） 芍
药（三两）
上五味，以水八升，煮取三升，去滓，分温三服。
少阴病，下利便脓血，桃花汤主之。
少阴病，二三日至四五日，腹痛，小便，下利不止，而便脓血者，以桃花汤主之。方∶
赤石脂（一斤，一半肉，一半末） 干姜（一两） 粳米（一升）
上三味，以水七升，煮米熟汤成，去滓，温取七合，纳赤石脂末一方寸匕，一服止，
余勿服。
少阴病，下利便脓血者，可刺。
少阴病，吐利，手足逆，烦躁欲死者，茱萸汤主之。（方见阳明门）
少阴病，下利，咽痛，胸满，心烦，猪肤汤主之。方∶
猪肤（一斤）
上一味，以水一斗，煮取五升，去滓，纳白蜜一升，白粉五合，熬香，和令相得，温分
六服。
少阴病二三日，咽痛者，可与甘草汤；不瘥，可与桔梗汤。方∶
甘草
上一味，以水三升，煮取一升半，去滓，温服七合，日再服。
桔梗汤方
桔梗（一大枚） 甘草（二两）
上二味，以水三升，煮取一升，去滓，分温再服。
少阴病，咽中伤，生疮，不能语言，声不出，苦酒汤主之。方∶
鸡子（一枚，去黄，纳好上苦酒于壳中） 半夏（洗，破如枣核十四枚）
上二味，纳半夏着苦酒中，以鸡子壳置刀环中，安火上令三沸，去滓，少少含咽之，不
瘥，更作三剂愈。
少阴病，咽中痛，半夏散及汤主之。方∶
半夏（洗） 桂枝 甘草（炙）
上三味，等分，各异捣，合治之，白饮和，服方寸匕，日三服。若不能散服者，以水一
升，煎七沸，纳散两方寸匕，更煮三沸，下火令小冷，少少含咽之，半夏有毒，不当散服。
少阴病，下利，白通汤主之。方∶
附子（一枚，生去皮，破八片） 干姜（一两） 葱白（四茎）
上三味，以水三升，煮取一升，去滓，分温再服。
少阴病，下利脉微，服白通汤，利不止，厥逆无脉，干烦者，白通加猪胆汁汤主之。方
猪胆汁（一合） 人尿（五合）
上二味，纳前汤中，和令相得，温分再服，若无胆，亦可用服汤，脉暴出者死，微续者
生。
少阴病，二三日不已，至四五日，腹痛，小便不利，四肢沉重疼痛而利，此为有水气，
其人或咳，或小便不利，或下利，或呕，玄武汤主之。方∶
茯苓 芍药 生姜（各三两，切） 白术（二两） 附子（一枚，炮，去皮，破八片）
上五味，以水八升，煮取三升，去滓，温服七合，咳者加五味子半升，细辛一两，干姜
一两。小便自利者，去茯苓。下利者，去芍药，加干姜二两。呕者，去附子，加生姜，足前
为半斤。利不止便脓血者，宜桃花汤。
少阴病，下利清谷，里寒外热，手足厥逆，脉微欲绝，身反恶寒，其人面赤，或腹痛，
或干呕，或咽痛，或下利止而脉不出，通脉四逆汤主之。方∶
甘草（二两，炙） 附子（大者一枚，生，去皮，破八片） 干姜（三两，强人可四两）
上三味，以水三升，煮取一升二合，去滓，分温再服。其脉即出者愈，面赤者，加葱白
九茎；腹痛者，去葱加芍药二两。呕者，加生姜二两。咽痛者，去芍药加桔梗一两。利止脉
不出者，去桔梗加人参二两，病皆与方相应者，乃加减服之。
少阴病，四逆，其人或咳，或悸，或小便不利，或腹中痛，或泻利下重，四逆散主之。
方∶
甘草（炙） 枳实（炙） 柴胡 芍药（各十分）
上四味，捣为散，白饮和服方寸匕，日三服。咳者，加五味子、干姜各五分，兼主利。
悸者，加桂枝五分；小便不利者，加茯苓五分；腹中痛者，加附子一枚，炮；泻利下重者，
先以水五升，煮薤白三升，取三升，去滓，以散三方寸匕，纳汤中，煮取一升半，分温再服。
少阴病，下利六七日，咳而呕渴，心烦不得眠，猪苓汤主之。（方见阳明门。）
少阴病，得之二三日，口燥咽干，急下之，宜承气汤。
少阴病，利清水色，青者，心下必痛，口干燥者，可下之，宜承气汤（一云大柴胡。）
少阴病六七日，腹满不大便者，急下之，宜承气汤。（方见承气汤中）
少阴病，其脉沉者，当温之，宜四逆汤。
少阴病，其人饮食入则吐，心中温温欲吐，复不能吐，始得之，手足寒，脉弦迟，此胸
中实，不可下也，当遂吐之。若膈上有寒饮，干呕者，不可吐，当温之，宜四逆汤。（方见
阳明门。）
少阴病，下利，脉微涩者，即呕汗者，必数更衣，反少，当温其上，灸之。（一云灸厥
阴五十壮。）
第四十五条证候，附方十六首。
少阴病的特征，是脉象微细，精神萎靡只想睡觉。
少阴病，想吐但不烦躁，只想睡觉；过了五六天出现自发性腹泻且口渴的，属于少阴病，这是因为体内虚寒，所以想喝水来自我救助。小便颜色发白的，说明少阴病的症状全部具备。其人小便发白，是因为下焦虚寒不能控制尿液，所以尿色清白。如果病人的脉象寸关尺三部都紧，反而出现汗出，这是阳气外越的表现，属于少阴病，按照法度应当出现咽痛并且伴有呕吐和腹泻。
少阴病，咳嗽并伴有腹泻，出现胡言乱语（谵语），这是因为被火疗强行劫夺津液所致，小便必然困难，这是因为强行要求少阴病发汗造成的。
少阴病，脉象微弱不可发汗，因为阳气已虚；如果阳气已虚，且尺部脉象弱而涩，也不可攻下。
少阴病，脉象紧，到了七八天，出现腹泻，脉象突然变得微弱，手足反而温暖，脉紧的感觉反而消失，这是病情将要解除的迹象，虽然心中烦闷，但腹泻必然会自愈。
少阴病，腹泻，如果腹泻停止，恶寒且身体蜷缩，但手足温暖的，可以治疗。
少阴病，恶寒且身体蜷缩，偶尔自觉烦热，想要去掉衣被的，可以治疗。
少阴病，缓解的时间段是从子时到寅时。
少阴病，过了八九天，全身和手足都发热，这是热邪在膀胱，必然会出现便血。
少阴病，病人呕吐腹泻，手足不逆冷，反而发热，不会死亡；如果脉象微弱不足的，可以灸少阴经穴位七壮。
少阴病，只有四肢厥冷无汗，强行发汗必然导致动血，不知道血液会从哪个通道流出，或者从口鼻眼睛流出，这称为“下厥上竭”，属于难治之症。
少阴病，腹泻停止却出现头晕目眩，经常感觉头昏蒙的，预后不良（死）。
少阴病，四肢厥逆，恶寒且身体蜷缩，脉搏摸不到，病人不烦但躁动的，预后不良（死）。
少阴病，脉象微细沉，只想睡觉，出汗但不烦躁，自己觉得想吐，到了五六天，出现自发性腹泻，又烦躁得无法躺卧睡眠的，预后不良（死）。
少阴病，刚发病时，反而发热，脉象反而沉的，用麻黄细辛附子汤主治。方剂组成：
麻黄（二两，去节） 细辛（二两） 附子（一枚，炮制，去皮，破成八片）
以上三味药，用水二斗，先煮麻黄，减少一升水，撇去上面的浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取三升药汁，滤去药渣，温服一升。
少阴病，患病二三天，用麻黄附子甘草汤轻微发汗，因为患病二三天没有明显的表证，所以只是轻微发汗。方剂组成：
麻黄（二两，去节） 附子（一枚，炮制，去皮，破成八片） 甘草（二两，炙）
以上三味药，用水七升，先煮麻黄一二沸，撇去上面的浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取二升半药汁，滤去药渣，温服八合。
少阴病，患病二三天以上，心中烦闷，无法入睡的，用黄连阿胶汤主治。方剂组成：
黄连（四两） 黄芩（一两） 芍药（二两） 鸡子黄（二枚） 阿胶（三挺）
以上五味药，用水六升，先煮前三味药，取二升药汁，滤去药渣，加入阿胶使其完全溶化，再加入鸡子黄，搅拌使药液均匀，温服七合，每日三次。
少阴病，患病一两天，口中平和不苦不燥，背部感到恶寒的，应当施灸，并用附子汤主治。
少阴病，身体疼痛，手足寒冷，骨节疼痛，脉象沉的，用附子汤主治。方剂组成：
附子（二枚，炮制，去皮，破成八片） 茯苓（三两） 人参（二两） 白术（四两） 芍药（三两）
以上五味药，用水八升，煮取三升药汁，滤去药渣，分三次温服。
少阴病，从二三天到四五天，腹痛，小便不利，腹泻不止，且大便带脓血的，用桃花汤主治。方剂组成：
赤石脂（一斤，一半整块使用，一半研成粉末） 干姜（一两） 粳米（一升）
以上三味药，用水七升，煮米熟汤成，滤去药渣，温取七合药汁，加入一方寸匕的赤石脂粉末，服用一次后腹泻止住即可，剩下的不要服用。
少阴病，呕吐腹泻，手足逆冷，烦躁得快要死的，用茱萸汤主治。（方剂见阳明门）
少阴病，腹泻，咽痛，胸满，心烦的，用猪肤汤主治。方剂组成：
猪肤（一斤）
以上一味药，用水一斗，煮取五升药汁，滤去药渣，加入白蜜一升，白粉五合，熬至香气溢出，调和均匀，分六次温服。
少阴病二三天，咽痛的，可以给予甘草汤；如果不愈，可以给予桔梗汤。方剂组成：
甘草
以上一味药，用水三升，煮取一升半药汁，滤去药渣，温服七合，每日两次。
桔梗汤方
桔梗（一大枚） 甘草（二两）
以上两味药，用水三升，煮取一升药汁，滤去药渣，分两次温服。
少阴病，咽喉受伤生疮，不能说话，声音出不来的，用苦酒汤主治。方剂组成：
鸡蛋（一枚，去黄，将优质醋放入蛋壳中） 半夏（洗净，破开如枣核大小十四枚）
以上两味药，将半夏放入醋中，把鸡蛋壳放在刀环中，置于火上煮至沸腾三次，滤去药渣，少量含咽，如果不愈，再制作三剂即可痊愈。
少阴病，咽喉疼痛，用半夏散及汤主治。方剂组成：
半夏（洗净） 桂枝 甘草（炙）
以上三味药，等分，分别捣碎，混合在一起，用白饮（米汤）调服一方寸匕，每日三次。如果不能服用散剂的，用水一升，煎煮七沸，加入散剂两方寸匕，再煮三沸，熄火待药液稍凉，少量含咽。半夏有毒，不适宜直接服用散剂。
少阴病，腹泻，用白通汤主治。方剂组成：
附子（一枚，生用去皮，破成八片） 干姜（一两） 葱白（四茎）
以上三味药，用水三升，煮取一升药汁，滤去药渣，分两次温服。
少阴病，腹泻脉微弱，服用白通汤后，腹泻不止，四肢厥冷无脉，干呕心烦的，用白通加猪胆汁汤主治。方剂组成：
猪胆汁（一合） 人尿（五合）
以上两味药，加入前面的药汤中，调和均匀，分两次温服。如果没有猪胆，也可以用其他方法替代服药。如果服药后脉象突然暴出的是死证，脉象微微续接的是生证。
少阴病，二三天未愈，到了四五天，腹痛，小便不利，四肢沉重疼痛且腹泻，这是因为体内有水气。病人有的咳嗽，有的小便不利，有的腹泻，有的呕吐，用玄武汤（真武汤）主治。方剂组成：
茯苓 芍药 生姜（各三两，切） 白术（二两） 附子（一枚，炮制，去皮，破成八片）
以上五味药，用水八升，煮取三升药汁，滤去药渣，温服七合。如果咳嗽，加五味子半升，细辛一两，干姜一两。如果小便自利，去掉茯苓。如果腹泻，去掉芍药，加干姜二两。如果呕吐，去掉附子，加生姜，总量补足为半斤。如果腹泻不止且大便带脓血，适宜用桃花汤。
少阴病，腹泻完谷不化，内寒外热，手足厥冷，脉微欲绝，身体反而恶寒，病人面色发红，有的腹痛，有的干呕，有的咽痛，有的腹泻停止但脉搏摸不到的，用通脉四逆汤主治。方剂组成：
甘草（二两，炙） 附子（大者一枚，生用，去皮，破成八片） 干姜（三两，体质强者可用四两）
以上三味药，用水三升，煮取一升二合药汁，滤去药渣，分两次温服。如果脉象随即复出的是痊愈，面色发红的，加葱白九茎；腹痛的，去掉葱白加芍药二两。呕吐的，加生姜二两。咽痛的，去掉芍药加桔梗一两。腹泻停止但脉搏摸不到的，去掉桔梗加人参二两。病症与方剂相应的，才进行加减服用。
少阴病，四肢厥逆，病人有的咳嗽，有的心悸，有的小便不利，有的腹中痛，有的泻痢伴有肛门重坠感，用四逆散主治。方剂组成：
甘草（炙） 枳实（炙） 柴胡 芍药（各十分）
以上四味药，捣成散剂，用白饮调服一方寸匕，每日三次。咳嗽的，加五味子、干姜各五分，兼主腹泻。心悸的，加桂枝五分；小便不利的，加茯苓五分；腹中痛的，加附子一枚，炮制；泻痢伴有肛门重坠感的，先用水五升，煮薤白三升，取三升药汁，滤去药渣，将散剂三方寸匕纳入汤中，煮取一升半，分两次温服。
少阴病，腹泻六七天，咳嗽呕吐口渴，心烦不得眠的，用猪苓汤主治。（方剂见阳明门。）
少阴病，拉清水样便，颜色青黑的，心下必然疼痛，口干燥的，可以攻下，适宜用承气汤（一说大柴胡汤）。
少阴病六七天，腹部胀满不大便的，应当急下，适宜用承气汤。（方剂见承气汤条中）
少阴病，病人饮食入口即吐，心中温温然想吐却又吐不出来，刚发病时手足寒冷，脉象弦迟，这是胸中有实邪，不可攻下，应当顺势催吐。如果膈上有寒饮，干呕的，不可催吐，应当温补，适宜用四逆汤。（方剂见阳明门。）
**Chapter: Shaoyin Disease Manifestations II (Formulas)**
**Case 45, Formula 1-16**
The characteristic of **Shaoyin disease** (Disease of the Kidney and Heart meridians) is a **pulse** (Pulse diagnosis) that is faint and thin, accompanied by a desire to sleep.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if there is a desire to vomit but no irritability, and only a desire to sleep; after five or six days, spontaneous diarrhea occurs with thirst, this belongs to **Shaoyin disease**. This is due to deficiency and cold, prompting the patient to drink water to self-rescue. If the urine is white, the manifestations of **Shaoyin disease** are complete. The whiteness of the urine indicates deficiency and cold in the lower jiao (Lower Burner), which fails to control urination. If the pulse is tight in both yin and yang positions, yet sweating occurs, this represents an outward floating of yang, belonging to **Shaoyin disease**. According to the method, this should present with sore throat accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if coughing is accompanied by diarrhea and delirium (confused speech), it is caused by the劫夺 (plundering) of fluids by fire therapy. Urination will certainly be difficult, resulting from forcing sweat in **Shaoyin disease**.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if the pulse is fine, deep, and rapid, the disease is in the interior, and sweating methods must not be used.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if the pulse is faint, sweating must not be used because yang qi is deficient. If yang is already deficient and the chi (cun-kou) position pulse is weak and choppy, purgative methods must also not be used.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if the pulse is tight, and after seven or eight days, diarrhea occurs, and the pulse suddenly becomes faint while the hands and feet become warm, and the tightness of the pulse disappears, this indicates that the disease is about to resolve. Although there may be irritability, the diarrhea will heal spontaneously.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if diarrhea stops, and the patient feels aversion to cold and curls up, but the hands and feet remain warm, the condition is treatable.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if the patient feels aversion to cold and curls up, occasionally feels irritable and wants to remove clothing and bedding, the condition is treatable.
In **Shaoyin wind-stroke**, if the pulse is superficially faint and deeply floating, it indicates recovery is imminent.
The time when **Shaoyin disease** tends to resolve is from Zi hour to Yin hour.
In **Shaoyin disease**, after eight or nine days, if the whole body and hands and feet become hot, the heat is in the Bladder, and hematochezia (blood in stool) will inevitably occur.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if the patient vomits and has diarrhea, but the hands and feet are not cold, and instead there is fever, death is not inevitable. If the pulse is insufficient, moxibustion on the **Shaoyin** meridian points for seven moxa cones is indicated.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if there is only cold extremities without sweat, forcing sweat will inevitably cause bleeding. It is unknown from which channel the blood will emerge; it may come from the mouth, nose, or eyes. This is called "lower jue and upper exhaustion," which is difficult to treat.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if there is aversion to cold, curling up, and diarrhea, with cold extremities, it is incurable.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if diarrhea stops but dizziness occurs, and frequent sensations of vertigo appear, death is imminent.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if the patient vomits and has diarrhea, with restlessness and rebellious qi, death is imminent.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if there are cold extremities, aversion to cold, curling up, no palpable pulse, and the patient is not irritable but restless, death is imminent.
In **Shaoyin disease**, after six or seven days, if respiration is high and shallow, death is imminent.
In **Shaoyin disease**, if the pulse is faint, thin, and deep, with only a desire to sleep, sweating without irritability, and a subjective feeling of wanting to vomit; progressing to five or six days with spontaneous diarrhea, followed by irritability and inability to lie down or sleep, death is imminent.
When **Shaoyin disease** first occurs, if there is contrary fever and the pulse is contrary to expectation (deep), **Mahuang Xixin Fuzi Tang** (Ephedra, Asarum, and Aconite Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) - 2 liang, nodes removed
* Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛) - 2 liang
* Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) - 1 piece, prepared, skin removed, broken into 8 pieces
Process these three ingredients with 2 dou of water. First boil Mahuang, reduce by 1 sheng, skim off the foam. Add the other herbs, boil to obtain 3 sheng of decoction. Strain and take 1 sheng warm.
For **Shaoyin disease** lasting two or three days, **Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Tang** (Ephedra, Aconite, and Licorice Decoction) is used to induce mild sweating. Since there are no exterior symptoms after two or three days, only mild sweating is induced.
Formula:
* Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) - 2 liang, nodes removed
* Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) - 1 piece, prepared, skin removed, broken into 8 pieces
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) - 2 liang, honey-fried
Process these three ingredients with 7 sheng of water. First boil Mahuang for one or two boils, skim off the foam. Add the other herbs, boil to obtain 2.5 sheng of decoction. Strain and take 0.8 sheng warm.
For **Shaoyin disease** lasting more than two or three days, if there is heart irritability and inability to sleep, **Huanglian Ejiao Tang** (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) - 4 liang
* Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) - 1 liang
* Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药) - 2 liang
* Ovum Gallus (Jizihuang, 鸡子黄) - 2 yolks
* Corii Asini Colla (Ejiao, 阿胶) - 3 strips
Process these five ingredients with 6 sheng of water. First boil the first three ingredients to obtain 2 sheng. Strain, dissolve the Ejiao, add the Jizihuang, stir well until mixed. Take 0.7 sheng warm, three times a day.
For **Shaoyin disease** lasting one or two days, if the mouth feels neutral (not bitter or dry) and the back feels cold, moxibustion should be applied, and **Fuzi Tang** (Aconite Decoction) is the primary formula.
For **Shaoyin disease** with body pain, cold hands and feet, bone and joint pain, and a deep pulse, **Fuzi Tang** (Aconite Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) - 2 pieces, prepared, skin removed, broken into 8 pieces
* Poria (Fuling, 茯苓) - 3 liang
* Ginseng Radix (Renshen, 人参) - 2 liang
* Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) - 4 liang
* Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药) - 3 liang
Process these five ingredients with 8 sheng of water, boil to obtain 3 sheng. Strain and divide into three warm doses.
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea and pus-blood in the stool, **Taohua Tang** (Peach Kernel Decoction) is the primary formula.
For **Shaoyin disease** progressing from two or three days to four or five days, with abdominal pain, difficult urination, incessant diarrhea, and pus-blood in the stool, **Taohua Tang** (Peach Kernel Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Halloysit Rubrum (Chishizhi, 赤石脂) - 1 jin (half used as chunks, half ground into powder)
* Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜) - 1 liang
* Oryza Sativa (Jingsmi, 粳米) - 1 sheng
Process these three ingredients with 7 sheng of water. Boil until the rice is cooked and the soup is ready. Strain, take 0.7 sheng warm, and mix in one fang-cun-bi (square-inch spoonful) of Chishizhi powder. Stop taking after one dose if diarrhea ceases; do not take the remainder.
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea and pus-blood in the stool, acupuncture may be used.
For **Shaoyin disease** with vomiting, diarrhea, cold extremities, and severe irritability bordering on death, **Zhuyu Tang** (Cornus Decoction) is the primary formula. (See Yangming Chapter for formula).
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea, sore throat, chest fullness, and heart irritability, **Zhufu Tang** (Pig Skin Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Cutis Sus Domestica (Zhufu, 猪肤) - 1 jin
Boil the single ingredient with 1 dou of water to obtain 5 sheng. Strain, add 1 sheng of white honey and 0.5 sheng of white flour (starch), cook until fragrant, mix well, and divide into six warm doses.
For **Shaoyin disease** lasting two or three days with sore throat, **Gancao Tang** (Licorice Decoction) may be given. If not healed, **Jiegeng Tang** (Platycodon Decoction) may be given.
Formula:
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草)
Boil with 3 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng. Strain, take 0.7 sheng warm, twice a day.
**Jiegeng Tang Formula:**
* Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗) - 1 large piece
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) - 2 liang
Boil with 3 sheng of water to obtain 1 sheng. Strain and divide into two warm doses.
For **Shaoyin disease** where the throat is injured, sores have formed, speech is impaired, and voice cannot be produced, **Kuju Tang** (Vinegar Egg Shell Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Ovum Gallus (Jizi, 鸡蛋) - 1 egg, yolk removed, good vinegar placed in the shell
* Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏) - Washed, broken into 14 pieces the size of a jujube core
Place Banxia in the vinegar within the eggshell. Place the eggshell in a knife ring over fire, boil three times. Strain, hold small amounts in the mouth and swallow slowly. If not healed, prepare three more doses to cure.
For **Shaoyin disease** with sore throat, **Banxia San Ji Tang** (Pinellia Powder and Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏) - Washed
* Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝)
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) - Honey-fried
Take equal parts of each, crush separately, mix together. Mix with rice water and take one fang-cun-bi, three times a day. If powder form is not tolerated, boil 1 sheng of water for seven boils, add two fang-cun-bi of the powder, boil three more times, let cool slightly, hold small amounts in mouth and swallow slowly. Banxia is toxic and should not be taken as powder directly.
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea, **Baitong Tang** (White Onion Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Aconiti Radix (Fuzi, 附子) - 1 piece, raw, skin removed, broken into 8 pieces
* Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) - 1 liang
* Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白) - 4 stems
Process with 3 sheng of water, boil to obtain 1 sheng. Strain and divide into two warm doses.
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea and faint pulse, if after taking Baitong Tang the diarrhea does not stop, and cold extremities with no pulse, dry vomiting, and irritability occur, **Baitong Jia Zhudanji Tang** (White Onion Decoction plus Pig Bile and Human Urine) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Bilia Porcina (Zhudanji, 猪胆汁) - 1 he
* Urina Humana (Reniao, 人尿) - 5 he
Mix these two ingredients into the previous decoction, stir well, and divide into two warm doses. If bile is unavailable, the decoction alone may be used. If the pulse suddenly bursts out, death ensues; if the pulse gradually returns, life is preserved.
For **Shaoyin disease** persisting from two to three days to four or five days, with abdominal pain, difficult urination, heavy and painful limbs, and diarrhea, this indicates water retention. Symptoms may include cough, difficult urination, diarrhea, or vomiting. **Xuanwu Tang** (Black Tortoise Decoction, also known as Zhenwu Tang) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Poria (Fuling, 茯苓)
* Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药)
* Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) - 3 liang each, sliced
* Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) - 2 liang
* Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) - 1 piece, prepared, skin removed, broken into 8 pieces
Process with 8 sheng of water, boil to obtain 3 sheng. Strain, take 0.7 sheng warm. Modifications: If coughing, add Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi) 0.5 sheng, Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) 1 liang, Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang) 1 liang. If urination is normal, remove Poria. If diarrhea, remove Paeoniae Radix Alba, add Zingiberis Rhizoma 2 liang. If vomiting, remove Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, add Zingiberis Rhizoma to make up half a jin. If diarrhea persists with pus-blood, Taohua Tang is appropriate.
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea of undigested food, interior cold with exterior heat, cold extremities, faint pulse nearly imperceptible, paradoxical aversion to cold, flushed face, possibly abdominal pain, dry vomiting, sore throat, or cessation of diarrhea with absent pulse, **Tongmai Sini Tang** (Pulse-Recovering Counterflow Cold Decoction) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) - 2 liang, honey-fried
* Aconiti Radix (Fuzi, 附子) - 1 large piece, raw, skin removed, broken into 8 pieces
* Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) - 3 liang (4 liang for strong constitutions)
Process with 3 sheng of water, boil to obtain 1.2 sheng. Strain and divide into two warm doses. If the pulse returns, healing occurs. If the face is flushed, add Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai) 9 stems. If abdominal pain, remove Congbai and add Paeoniae Radix Alba 2 liang. If vomiting, add Zingiberis Rhizoma 2 liang. If sore throat, remove Paeoniae Radix Alba and add Platycodonis Radix 1 liang. If diarrhea stops but pulse is absent, remove Platycodonis Radix and add Ginseng Radix 2 liang. Adjustments should be made according to the correspondence between symptoms and formula.
For **Shaoyin disease** with cold extremities, if the patient has cough, palpitations, difficult urination, abdominal pain, or diarrhea with a sensation of heaviness in the rectum, **Sini San** (Counterflow Cold Powder) is the primary formula.
Formula:
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) - Honey-fried
* Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi, 枳实) - Honey-fried
* Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡)
* Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药) - Each 10 parts
Crush into powder, mix with rice water, take one fang-cun-bi, three times a day. Modifications: For cough, add Schisandrae Fructus and Zingiberis Rhizoma 5 parts each (also treats diarrhea). For palpitations, add Cinnamomi Ramulus 5 parts. For difficult urination, add Poria 5 parts. For abdominal pain, add Aconiti Radix 1 piece, prepared. For diarrhea with rectal heaviness, first boil Scallion White (Xiebai) 3 sheng in 5 sheng water to obtain 3 sheng, strain, add three fang-cun-bi of the powder, boil to obtain 1.5 sheng, divide into two warm doses.
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea for six or seven days, accompanied by cough, vomiting, thirst, heart irritability, and insomnia, **Zhuling Tang** (Polyporus Decoction) is the primary formula. (See Yangming Chapter).
For **Shaoyin disease** lasting two or three days with dry mouth and throat, urgent purging is required; **Chengqi Tang** (Descending Qi Decoction) is suitable.
For **Shaoyin disease** with clear watery diarrhea of green color,必有 (must have) pain in the epigastrium and dry mouth/throat, purging is indicated; **Chengqi Tang** is suitable (alternatively Da Chaihu Tang).
For **Shaoyin disease** lasting six or seven days with abdominal fullness and constipation, urgent purging is required; **Chengqi Tang** is suitable. (See Chengqi Tang section).
For **Shaoyin disease** with a deep pulse, warming is indicated; **Sini Tang** (Counterflow Cold Decoction) is suitable.
For **Shaoyin disease**, if food is vomited immediately upon ingestion, the patient feels warm and nauseous but cannot vomit, and initially has cold hands and feet with a string-tight and slow pulse, this indicates excess in the chest. Purging is contraindicated; inducing vomiting is appropriate. If there is cold fluid above the diaphragm causing dry retching, vomiting induction is contraindicated; warming is appropriate, and **Sini Tang** (Counterflow Cold Decoction) is suitable. (See Yangming Chapter).
For **Shaoyin disease** with diarrhea and a faint-choppy pulse, accompanied by vomiting and sweating, frequent trips to the toilet with little output, warming the upper jiao via moxibustion is indicated. (Alternatively, moxibustion on the Jueyin meridian for fifty cones).