胆为中清之府,号曰将军,决逆顺于此焉。能喜怒刚柔,与肝为表里,足少阳是其经也。
虚则伤寒,寒则恐畏,头眩不能独卧。实则伤热,热则惊怖,精神不守,卧起不宁。又玄水
发其根在胆。又肝厥不已,传邪入胆,呕清汁。又胆有水,则从头肿至足,又胆病则口苦太
息,呕宿汁,心中澹澹,恐人将捕之,咽仲介介然数唾。又胆胀则口苦,舌下痛太息,邪气
客于胆,则梦讼斗。其脉诊在左关上浮而得之者,是其部也。胆实则热,精神不守。胆热多
睡,胆冷则无眠。又关上脉阳微者胆虚,阳数者胆实,阳虚者胆绝也。
小肠为受盛之府,与心为表里,太阳是其经也。心与小肠绝者,六日死。绝则发直如麻,
汗出不已,不得屈伸者是也。又心病久则传小肠,小肠咳则气咳一齐出也。小肠实则伤热,
热则口疮,虚则伤寒,寒则泄脓血,或泄黑水,其根在小肠。又小肠寒则下肿重。热久不出,
则渐生痔疾。若积多发热则上病,若气多发冷,则腰下重,食则窘迫而难,是其候也。小肠
胀则小肠引指疼,厥则邪入小肠,梦聚并邑中,或咽痛颔肿,不可回首,肩如杖,脚如折。
又左手寸口阳绝,是无小肠也,六日死。病则脐腹小,腹中有疝瘕也。右手寸口实大也,小
肠实也,有热则小便赤涩。又小肠实则口疮,身热去来,心中烦满体重。又小肠主于舌之官
也,和则能言,而机关利健,善别其味。虚则左寸口脉浮而微,软弱不禁。按病惊狂,无所
守下,空空然不能语者是也。
胆被称为“中清之府”,别称为“将军”,负责决断事物的顺逆。它能表现出喜怒、刚柔等情志变化,与肝互为表里,足少阳胆经是其所属经脉。
胆虚时易受寒邪侵袭,受寒则产生恐惧畏惧之心,出现头晕目眩、无法独自卧床的症状。胆实时易受热邪侵袭,受热则产生惊恐恐怖之感,精神不能内守,坐卧不安。另外,“玄水”(一种水肿病)的发病根源在于胆。此外,若肝气厥逆不止,病邪传入胆腑,会导致呕吐出清稀的苦汁。如果胆中有水饮停滞,则会出现从头至足全身浮肿;胆有病则口苦、频繁叹气,呕吐隔夜宿汁,心中悸动不安,害怕有人要抓捕自己,咽喉部感觉异物梗塞,频频吐唾沫。若胆胀,则口苦,舌下疼痛,频繁叹气;邪气客居胆腑,则梦见与人诉讼争斗。诊察胆病的脉象部位在左手关部,若脉象浮取可得,即为胆的病位。胆实则热,导致精神不能内守。胆热则嗜睡,胆冷则失眠无眠。另外,关部脉象阳气微弱者为胆虚,阳气数急者为胆实,阳气虚弱欲绝者为胆绝。
小肠被称为“受盛之府”,与心互为表里,足太阳膀胱经是其所属经脉(注:原文此处可能有误或特指经络联系,通常小肠为手太阳小肠经,但依原文翻译)。心与小肠之气绝者,六日后死亡。所谓“绝”,表现为头发直立如麻状,汗出不止,身体僵硬无法屈伸,这就是其征象。另外,心病日久会传变至小肠,小肠咳则气息急促一齐发出。小肠实热则伤热,热盛则生口疮;小肠虚寒则伤寒,寒盛则排泄脓血,或排泄黑水,其病根在小肠。另外,小肠寒则下肢肿胀沉重。若热邪久留不去,则逐渐生出痔疮。若积滞多且发热,则病势向上;若气机郁滞多发冷,则腰部以下沉重,进食困难窘迫,这是其证候。小肠胀则牵引手指疼痛;厥逆则邪气侵入小肠,梦见聚会或在忧郁之中,或者咽喉痛、下巴肿,不能回头,肩部像被棍棒打过一样痛,脚像折断一样痛。另外,左手寸口脉阳气绝,说明没有小肠功能,六日后死亡。患病则脐腹缩小,腹中有疝气和瘕聚。右手寸口脉象实大,说明小肠实,有热则小便赤红涩痛。另外,小肠实则口疮,身热往来不定,心中烦闷满胀,身体沉重。另外,小肠是主管舌头的器官,功能调和则能言语,关节灵活健利,善于辨别味道。小肠虚则左手寸口脉浮而微弱,软弱无力且不能自持。若因惊狂致病,神志无所守持,空虚茫然不能说话,就是这种情况。
The Gallbladder is referred to as the "Middle Clear Organ" (Zhong Qing Zhi Fu) and is nicknamed the "General" (Jiang Jun), responsible for making decisions regarding what is proper or improper. It can manifest emotions such as joy, anger, rigidity, and softness, and stands in a exterior-interior relationship with the Liver (Gan). The Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian (Zu Shao Yang Dan Jing) is its associated channel.
When deficient, it is susceptible to Cold pathogen (Han), leading to fear and dread, dizziness (Tou Xuan), and an inability to lie down alone. When excess, it is susceptible to Heat pathogen (Re), leading to fright and terror, loss of mental possession (Jing Shen Bu Shou), and restlessness in sitting and lying. Furthermore, the root of "Xuan Shui" (a type of edema) lies in the Gallbladder. Additionally, if Liver Jue (Liver Qi rebellion) persists, pathogenic factors transmit into the Gallbladder, causing vomiting of clear bitter fluid. If there is water retention in the Gallbladder, swelling occurs from head to foot. Gallbladder disease manifests as a bitter taste in the mouth, frequent sighing, vomiting of old fluids, palpitations (Xin Zhong Dan Dan), fear that others will capture one, a sensation of obstruction in the throat (Yan Zhong Jie Jie Ran), and frequent spitting. If the Gallbladder is distended, there is a bitter taste, pain under the tongue, and frequent sighing; when pathogenic factors lodge in the Gallbladder, one dreams of lawsuits and fights. The pulse diagnosis for Gallbladder disease is located at the left Guan position; if the pulse is floating upon superficial palpation, this indicates the Gallbladder's region. Gallbladder excess leads to heat and loss of mental possession. Gallbladder heat causes excessive sleepiness, while Gallbladder cold causes insomnia. Additionally, a weak Yang pulse at the Guan position indicates Gallbladder deficiency; a rapid Yang pulse indicates Gallbladder excess; a deficient Yang pulse indicates Gallbladder exhaustion.
The Small Intestine is referred to as the "Organ of Reception and Containment" (Shou Sheng Zhi Fu), standing in an exterior-interior relationship with the Heart (Xin). The Taiyang meridian is its associated channel (Note: Text specifies Taiyang, typically Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian). If the Qi of the Heart and Small Intestine is exhausted, death occurs within six days. Exhaustion is characterized by hair standing erect like hemp, continuous sweating, and inability to bend or stretch. Additionally, prolonged Heart disease transmits to the Small Intestine; Small Intestine cough results in simultaneous expulsion of breath. Small Intestine excess involves Heat injury, leading to mouth ulcers; Small Intestine deficiency involves Cold injury, leading to discharge of pus and blood, or black water, with the root in the Small Intestine. Additionally, Small Intestine cold causes lower limb swelling and heaviness. If Heat lingers without resolution, hemorrhoids gradually develop. If accumulation is abundant with fever, the pathology moves upward; if Qi stagnation causes cold sensations, heaviness occurs below the waist, and eating becomes difficult and distressing, which are its signs. Small Intestine distension causes pain radiating to the fingers; Jue (reversal) allows pathogenic factors to enter the Small Intestine, causing dreams of gatherings or depression, or sore throat and submandibular swelling, inability to turn the head, shoulder pain as if beaten by a club, and leg pain as if broken. Additionally, exhaustion of the Yang pulse at the Cun Kou position on the left hand indicates absence of Small Intestine function, leading to death within six days. Disease presents with contraction of the umbilical and abdominal area, and presence of hernias and masses in the abdomen. A solid and large pulse at the Cun Kou position on the right hand indicates Small Intestine excess; with Heat, urination becomes red and scanty. Additionally, Small Intestine excess causes mouth ulcers, intermittent fever, mental vexation and fullness, and body heaviness. Furthermore, the Small Intestine is the organ governing the tongue; when harmonious, speech is possible, joints are agile, and taste discrimination is sharp. Deficiency manifests as a floating and faint pulse at the left Cun Kou position, weak and unable to sustain itself. If illness arises from fright and mania, with spirit lacking possession, emptiness, and inability to speak, this is the condition.