朱砂,鸡白,蜜, 砂,当归末等分,酒服,出。
按∶此系《普济方》。考《魏志》甘陵相夫人有身六月,腹痛不安,先生视之曰∶胎已
死。使人手摸知所在,在左则男,在右则女。人云在左,于是为汤下之,果下男形,即愈。
然用何汤药,则末言明,不能无疑。意先生善解剖,固有下之之术,不专恃汤药,特以汤药
为辅佐品乎。今观此书,则知先生之治斯症,固有汤药在也。因为稽考故事以实之,且余亦
尝用此方下胎,屡见奇效,人且视为仙方也。(孙思邈注)
刮骨,肉,骨,理筋,补筋。
按《襄阳府志》∶关羽镇襄阳,与曹仁相拒,中流矢,矢镞入骨。先生为之刮骨去毒,
出血理筋,创果愈。盖即本此二语,而见之于实事也。若治毒不敢刮,必致毒瓦斯蔓延;见筋
不敢理,必致筋肉短缩,其害无穷。凡为医者,宜熟悉此二语,勿见筋骨而胆怯,只求刮理
得法,自不难立见奇效,而病家亦不得以须受刮理,而遽增惶骇也。(孙思邈注)
己戍相投。
凡蛇喜嗅血腥,故人染蛇毒或服蛇子,必能生蛇,以其遇血腥能生长也。犬之黄色者,
其血腥尤甚,使之用力于足部,其血郁闷已极,有直冲之性,蛇嗅之必出也。昔余见有屠狗
者,旁有数童子围观之,忽有一童子,目注墙角,咋曰∶“蛇来矣。”旋又有二童子,惊相告,
谓有二蛇在屋瓦上蜿蜒来矣。余初不解其故,今读华先生秘方,始知之。建安中,琅琊有居
民曰刘动者,其女年二十许,左膝上忽发一疮,痒而不痛,凡患数十日而愈。已而复发,如
是经七八年,迎先生使治之。先生视之曰∶易耳。当得稻糠色犬一头,良马三匹,以绳犬颈
。使驰骤,马前而犬后,马力竭,辄易之,计马与犬共行三十余里,俟犬不能驰,再令人强
曳之,使续走二十余里。乃以药饮女,女即安卧,昏不知人,急取犬剖腹,俾血如泉涌,以
犬之近后足之前所断之处,令向疮口相距二三寸许停之,须臾则有若蛇者,蜿蜒从疮中出,
速以铁锥贯蛇项,蛇在皮中,摇动良久,移时即不动,引出之长凡三尺许,惟有眼球而无瞳
,又为逆鳞耳。乃以膏敷于疮面,凡七日而愈。(孙思邈注)
朱砂、鸡蛋清、蜂蜜、砂(此处疑为“沙”或特定矿物药,原文作“砂”,暂保留)、当归末,各取等量,用酒送服,死胎即可排出。
按语:此方出自《普济方》。考证《三国志·魏书》记载,甘陵相的夫人怀孕六个月时,腹痛不安,华佗诊视后说:“胎儿已经死亡。”让人用手触摸以确定胎儿位置,在左侧则为男胎,在右侧则为女胎。旁人说是左侧,于是华佗给她服用汤药使其下胎,果然排出了男胎形状,病随即痊愈。然而具体使用了何种汤药,文中并未明确说明,令人存疑。我推测先生擅长解剖,自然有促使死胎排出的技术,并不完全依赖汤药,只是将汤药作为辅助手段罢了。如今看到这本书,才知道先生治疗这种病症,确实是有专用汤药的。因此我考证相关故事来证实这一点,而且我也曾经使用这个方剂下胎,屡见奇效,人们甚至将其视为仙方。(孙思邈注)
按《襄阳府志》记载:关羽镇守襄阳时,与曹仁对峙,被流矢射中,箭头嵌入骨头。华佗为他刮去骨头上的毒素,放出淤血并理顺筋络,伤口果然愈合。这大概是根据这两句话而在实事中体现出来的。如果治疗毒疮不敢刮骨,必然导致毒气蔓延;如果见到筋伤不敢理筋,必然导致筋肉短缩,其危害无穷无尽。凡是行医之人,应当熟悉这两句话,不要因为涉及筋骨就胆怯,只要掌握刮理的方法得当,自然不难立即见到奇效,而病人也不会因为需要接受刮理治疗就立刻增加惊恐害怕的情绪。(孙思邈注)
己戌(地支纪年或指代某种时机/药物配合,原文简略)相互投合。
大凡蛇喜欢嗅闻血腥气味,所以人感染蛇毒或吞食蛇子,必定会生出蛇,因为它们遇到血腥就能生长。黄色的狗,其血腥味尤其浓重,让它在脚部用力奔跑,血液郁积至极点,具有直冲向上的本性,蛇闻到这种气味一定会出来。过去我曾见过一个杀狗的屠夫,旁边有几个孩童围观。忽然有一个孩子,眼睛盯着墙角,喊道:“蛇来了!”接着又有两个孩童,惊讶地互相告知,说有两条蛇在屋瓦上蜿蜒爬来。我起初不明白其中的缘故,今天读到华先生的秘方,才明白其中道理。建安年间,琅琊郡有一位名叫刘动的居民,他的女儿二十岁左右,左膝上方突然生出一个疮疡,发痒但不疼痛,患病几十天后自愈。不久又复发,像这样经过七八年,家人请来华先生治疗。华先生诊视后说:“容易治疗。”应当找一头稻糠色的狗和三匹良马,用绳子拴住狗的脖子。让人驱赶狗奔跑,马在前面跑,狗在后面追,马力耗尽时就更换马匹,计算马和狗共跑了三十多里,等到狗不能奔跑时,再让人强行拖拽它,让它继续走二十多里。然后用药物喂给女子,女子便安静躺下,昏迷不省人事。急忙剖开狗的腹部,让狗血如泉水般涌出,将狗后腿切断处靠近疮口二三寸左右停住,片刻之后,就有类似蛇的东西,从疮口中蜿蜒爬出,迅速用铁锥刺穿蛇的颈部,蛇在皮肉中摇动很久,过了一会儿就不动了,引出来全长约三尺左右,只有眼珠而没有瞳孔,又是逆鳞的蛇。然后用膏药敷在疮面上,七天就好了。(孙思邈注)
Cinnabar (Zhusha), egg white, honey, sand (Shan, likely a mineral or typo for 'sha'), and powdered Angelica sinensis (Danggui) in equal parts. Take with wine to expel the dead fetus.
Note: This prescription is from *Puji Fang*. According to records in *Records of the Three Kingdoms: Book of Wei*, the wife of the Chancellor of Ganling was six months pregnant when she suffered from abdominal pain and discomfort. Mr. Hua examined her and said, "The fetus has already died." He had someone palpate to determine its location; if on the left, it is male; if on the right, it is female. When others reported it was on the left, he administered a decoction to induce expulsion, and indeed, a male fetus was expelled, after which she recovered immediately. However, the specific decoction used is not explicitly stated, leaving room for doubt. I surmise that Mr. Hua was skilled in anatomy and naturally possessed techniques to expel the dead fetus, relying not solely on decoctions but using them as auxiliary aids. Now, seeing this book, we know that Mr. Hua indeed had specific decoctions for treating such conditions. Therefore, I have researched historical accounts to substantiate this, and I myself have used this formula to induce labor with frequent miraculous effects, leading people to regard it as an immortal prescription. (Commentary by Sun Simiao)
Scrape bone, treat flesh, treat bone, smooth tendons, tonify tendons.
According to *Xiangyang Prefecture Gazetteer*: When Guan Yu garrisoned Xiangyang and confronted Cao Ren, he was struck by a stray arrow, with the arrowhead penetrating the bone. Mr. Hua scraped the bone to remove the toxin, drained the blood, and smoothed the tendons, resulting in the wound's healing. This likely embodies the principles mentioned above applied in practice. If one dares not scrape the bone when treating toxic sores, the toxin will inevitably spread; if one dares not treat the tendons upon seeing tendon injury, muscle and tendon shortening will occur, causing infinite harm. All medical practitioners should be familiar with these two principles. Do not be timid when dealing with bones and tendons; as long as the scraping and smoothing methods are performed correctly, miraculous effects can be achieved quickly, and patients will not become overly alarmed merely because they need to undergo such treatments. (Commentary by Sun Simiao)
Ji-Xu [timing/elements] complement each other.
Snakes generally enjoy the smell of blood. Therefore, humans infected with snake venom or who ingest snake offspring may develop snakes within them, as these entities grow upon encountering blood. Yellow dogs possess particularly strong bloody odors. By making them run vigorously on their legs, their blood becomes extremely stagnant, creating a driving force upward; snakes smelling this odor will emerge. Once, I observed a dog butcher surrounded by several children watching. Suddenly, one child stared at a corner and exclaimed, "A snake is coming!" Soon after, two other children excitedly told each other that two snakes were crawling on the roof tiles. At first, I did not understand the reason, but today, reading Mr. Hua's secret recipe, I finally know. During the Jian'an era, a resident named Liu Dong in Langya County had a daughter, about twenty years old, who suddenly developed a sore on her left knee. It was itchy but not painful, healing after dozens of days. It recurred later, persisting for seven or eight years in this manner. Her family invited Mr. Hua to treat her. Mr. Hua examined her and said, "It is easy to treat." One must obtain a dog with rice-bran-colored fur and three fine horses. Tie a rope around the dog's neck. Have someone drive the dog to run, with the horse leading and the dog following. Replace the horse when it tires. Calculate that the horse and dog together run for over thirty li. When the dog can no longer run, have someone forcibly drag it to continue for another twenty-plus li. Then administer medicine to the woman. She will lie down peacefully and fall into a coma. Immediately slit open the dog's abdomen to let the blood gush out like a spring. Hold the severed part near the dog's hind leg close to the sore, about two or three cun away. After a moment, something resembling a snake will crawl out of the sore. Quickly pierce the snake's neck with an iron awl. The snake will thrash inside the skin for a long time before becoming still. Pull it out; it will be about three chi long, having eyeballs but no pupils, and possessing reverse scales. Apply ointment to the sore surface. It will heal in seven days. (Commentary by Sun Simiao)