华佗论病理神方
人者，上禀天，下委地，阳以辅之，阴以佐之。天地顺则人气泰，天地逆则人气否。天
地有四时五行，寒暄动静。其变也，喜为雨，怒为风，结为霜，张为虹；人体有四肢五脏，
呼吸寤寐，精气流散，行为营，张为气，发为声，阳施于形，阴慎于精，天地之同也。失其
守则蒸热发，否而寒生，结作瘿瘤，陷作痈疽，盛而为喘，减而为枯，彰于面部，见于肢体，
天地通塞，一如此矣。故五纬盈亏，星辰差忒，日月交蚀，彗孛飞走，天地之灾怪也；寒暄
不时，天地之蒸否也；土起石立，天地之痈疽也；暴风疾雨，天地之喘乏也；江河竭耗，天
地之枯焦也。明于其故者，则决之以药，济之以针，化之以道，佐之以事，故形体有可救之
病，天地有可去之灾。人之危厄生死，禀于天地。阴之病，来亦缓而去亦缓；阳之病，来亦
速而去亦速。阳生于热，热则舒缓；阴生于寒，寒则蜷急。寒邪中于下，热邪中于上，饮食
之邪中于中。人之动止，本乎天地，知人者有验于天，知天者亦有验于人，人法于天，观天
地逆从，则知人衰盛。人有百病，病有百候，候有百变，皆天地阴阳逆从而生，苟能穷乎此，
则思过半矣。
天者，阳之宗，地者，阴之属。阳者生之本，阴者死之基，立于天地之间，而受阴阳之
辅佐者人也。得其阳者生，得其阴者死。阳中之阳为高真，阴中之阴为幽鬼。故钟于阳者长，
钟于阴者短。多热者阳之主，多寒者阴之根。阳务其上，阴务其下；阳行也速，阴行也缓；
阳之体轻，阴之体重。阴阳平则天地和而人气宁，阴阳逆则天地否而人气厥。故天地得其阳
则炎炽，得其阴则寒凛。阳始于子前，末于午后；阴始于午后，末于子前，阴阳盛衰，各在
其时，更始更末，无有休息，人能从之，是曰大智。金匮曰∶“秋首养阳，春首养阴；阳勿
外闭，阴勿外侵；火出于木，水生于金，水火通济，上下相寻。人能循此，永不湮沉，此之
谓也。”凡愚不知是理，举止失宜，自致其罹。外以风寒暑湿，内以饥饱劳役为败，欺残正
体，消亡正神，缚绊其身，生死告陈。殊不知脉有五死，气有五生，阴家脉重，阳家脉轻。
阳病阴脉则不永，阴病阳脉则不成。阳候多语，阴症无声。多语者易济，无声者难荣。阳病
则旦静，阴病则夜宁。阴阳运动，得时而行。阳虚则暮乱，阴虚则朝争，朝暮交错。其气厥
横，死生致理，阴阳中明。阴气下而不上曰断络，阳气上而不下曰断经。阴中之邪曰浊，阳
中之邪曰清。火来坎户，水到离扃，阴阳相应，方乃和平。阴不足则济之以水母，阳不足则
助之以火精，阴阳济等，各自攀陵。上通三寸，曰阳之神路，下通三寸，曰阴之鬼程。阴常
宜损，阳常宜盈，居之中者，阴阳匀停。是以阳中之阳，天仙赐号；阴中之阴，下鬼持名；
顺阴者多消灭，顺阳者多长生，逢斯妙趣，无所不灵。
华佗论病理神方
人，上承天命，下依大地，阳气辅助它，阴气佐助它。天地顺遂则人体气息通畅，天地逆乱则人体气息闭塞。天有四季和五行，表现为寒冷、温暖、运动、静止。天的变化，高兴时化为雨，发怒时化为风，凝结为霜，张开为彩虹；人体有四肢和五脏，有呼吸和睡醒睡眠，精气流动散布，行为属于营气，张开属于气，发声属于声音，阳气施于形体，阴气谨慎守护精气，这与天地是相同的。失去这种法则就会蒸热发作，闭塞则寒邪产生，凝结成为瘿瘤（甲状腺肿大等颈部肿块），下陷成为痈疽（化脓性感染），旺盛则导致气喘，减弱则导致枯瘦，表现在面部，见于肢体，天地之间的通塞道理，完全与此相同。所以五星盈亏，星辰错位，日月交食，彗星孛星飞走，是天地的灾异现象；冷暖不时，是天地的蒸热与闭塞；土起石立，是天地的痈疽；暴风疾雨，是天地的喘乏；江河枯竭，是天地的枯焦。明白这些原因的人，就用药物决断治疗，用针灸救济，用道法转化，用事务辅助，所以形体有可救的病，天地有可消除的灾。人的危难生死，禀受于天地。阴病，来势缓慢去势也缓慢；阳病，来势迅速去势也迅速。阳生于热，热则舒缓；阴生于寒，寒则蜷缩急迫。寒邪中伤下部，热邪中伤上部，饮食之邪中伤中部。人的动静举止，根本在于天地，了解人可以从天得到验证，了解天也可以从人得到验证，人效法天，观察天地的逆顺，就能知道人体的衰盛。人有百种病，病有百种候象，候象有百种变化，都是天地阴阳逆顺产生的，如果能穷尽这个道理，那么思虑就超过一半了。
天，是阳的宗主，地，是阴的归属。阳是生命的根本，阴是死亡的基础，立于天地之间而接受阴阳辅佐的就是人。得到阳的滋养就生存，得到阴的滋养就死亡。阳中的阳称为高真，阴中的阴称为幽鬼。所以钟聚于阳的寿命长，钟聚于阴的寿命短。多热的属于阳的主宰，多寒的属于阴的根本。阳务求上升，阴务求下降；阳运行迅速，阴运行缓慢；阳的体质轻，阴的体质重。阴阳平衡则天地和谐而人气安宁，阴阳逆乱则天地闭塞而人气厥逆。所以天地得到阳则炎热炽盛，得到阴则寒冷凛冽。阳始于子时前，结束于午后；阴始于午后，结束于子时前，阴阳盛衰，各自在相应的时间，更替开始和结束，没有休息，人能顺应它，这就叫大智慧。《金匮》说：“秋初养阳，春初养阴；阳不要向外闭藏，阴不要向外侵扰；火出于木，水生于金，水火相通济，上下相互追寻。人能遵循这个，永不沉沦，说的就是这个。”凡夫愚者不知道这个理，举止失当，自己招致灾难。外在受风寒暑湿侵袭，内在因饥饱劳役败坏，欺残正气本体，消亡正神，束缚捆绑身体，生死告罄。却不知道脉有五死，气有五生，阴家脉重，阳家脉轻。阳病出现阴脉则寿命不长，阴病出现阳脉则病不成形。阳证多言语，阴症无声音。多言语的容易救治，无声音的难以荣养。阳病则早晨安静，阴病则夜晚安宁。阴阳运动，顺应时节而行。阳虚则傍晚混乱，阴虚则早晨争竞，早晚交错。其气厥逆横逆，死生的道理，在阴阳中明确。阴气下行不上行叫断络，阳气上行不下行叫断经。阴中的邪气叫浊，阳中的邪气叫清。火来到坎户，水到达离扃，阴阳相应，才是和平。阴不足则用水母来济助，阳不足则用火精来辅助，阴阳济助相等，各自攀登高峰。上通三寸，叫阳的神路，下通三寸，叫阴的鬼程。阴常宜减损，阳常宜充盈，居于中道的，阴阳均匀停妥。所以阳中之阳，天仙赐号；阴中之阴，下鬼持名；顺从阴的多消灭，顺从阳的多长生，遇到这种妙趣，无所不灵。
Hua Tuo's Divine Formula on Pathology
Human beings receive from Heaven above and rely upon Earth below; Yang assists them, and Yin supports them. When Heaven and Earth are in harmony, human Qi is smooth; when Heaven and Earth are adverse, human Qi is obstructed. Heaven and Earth have the Four Seasons and Five Elements, manifesting as cold, warmth, movement, and stillness. Their changes: joy manifests as rain, anger as wind, condensation as frost, expansion as a rainbow. The human body has four limbs and five Zang organs, respiration, and waking/sleeping cycles; Jing-Qi flows and scatters; actions belong to Ying (Nutritive) Qi, expansion belongs to Qi, vocalization belongs to sound. Yang acts upon the form, while Yin carefully guards the essence; this parallels Heaven and Earth. Losing this principle leads to steaming heat or cold generation due to obstruction; condensation forms goiters/lumps (Yingliu); sinking forms carbuncles and ulcers (Yongju); excess causes panting; deficiency causes withering. These manifest on the face and limbs. The principles of blockage and flow in Heaven and Earth are exactly like this. Therefore, the waxing and waning of the five planets, the displacement of stars, solar and lunar eclipses, and the flight of comets are disasters and anomalies of Heaven and Earth; irregular cold and warmth represent the steaming and obstruction of Heaven and Earth; rising earth and standing stones represent carbuncles and ulcers of Heaven and Earth; violent winds and rapid rains represent panting and exhaustion of Heaven and Earth; drying rivers and lakes represent the withering and scorching of Heaven and Earth. Those who understand these causes can resolve them with medicines, aid them with acupuncture, transform them through Daoist methods, and assist them with practical affairs. Thus, there are diseases of the body that can be saved, and disasters of Heaven and Earth that can be removed. Human peril, life, and death are endowed by Heaven and Earth. Yin diseases come slowly and depart slowly; Yang diseases come quickly and depart quickly. Yang arises from heat, which brings relaxation; Yin arises from cold, which brings curling and tension. Cold pathogens strike the lower part, heat pathogens strike the upper part, and dietary pathogens strike the middle part. Human movement and stillness are rooted in Heaven and Earth. Knowing humans yields verification from Heaven; knowing Heaven yields verification from humans. Humans model themselves on Heaven; observing the adversity and compliance of Heaven and Earth allows one to know the decline and prosperity of humans. There are a hundred diseases, each with a hundred signs, and each sign with a hundred variations, all arising from the adversity and compliance of Heaven and Earth's Yin and Yang. If one can exhaustively understand this, then half of the understanding is achieved.
Heaven is the patriarch of Yang; Earth is the category of Yin. Yang is the root of life; Yin is the foundation of death. Humans stand between Heaven and Earth, receiving the assistance of Yin and Yang. Those who obtain Yang live; those who obtain Yin die. Yang within Yang is called High Truth (Gaozhen); Yin within Yin is called Nether Ghosts (Yougui). Therefore, those concentrated in Yang have long lives; those concentrated in Yin have short lives. Excess heat is the master of Yang; excess cold is the root of Yin. Yang seeks ascent; Yin seeks descent. Yang moves quickly; Yin moves slowly. Yang's nature is light; Yin's nature is heavy. When Yin and Yang are balanced, Heaven and Earth harmonize, and human Qi is tranquil. When Yin and Yang are adverse, Heaven and Earth are obstructed, and human Qi becomes reversed. Thus, Heaven and Earth become blazingly hot when obtaining Yang, and bitterly cold when obtaining Yin. Yang begins before Zi hour (11 PM - 1 AM) and ends after midday; Yin begins after midday and ends before Zi hour. The waxing and waning of Yin and Yang occur at their respective times, alternating start and end without rest. If humans can follow this, it is called Great Wisdom. The *Jinkui* states: "Nourish Yang at the beginning of Autumn; nourish Yin at the beginning of Spring. Do not let Yang close outwardly; do not let Yin invade outwardly. Fire emerges from Wood; Water is born from Metal. When Water and Fire communicate and assist each other, Upper and Lower seek each other. If humans can follow this, they will never sink or perish." This is what is meant. The ignorant do not know this principle, act improperly, and bring disaster upon themselves. External Wind-Cold-Heat-Dampness and internal hunger/fullness and labor cause ruin, damaging the righteous body and consuming the righteous spirit, binding the body, leading to death. They do not know that pulses have five deaths and Qi has five births; Yin-family pulses are heavy, Yang-family pulses are light. Yang disease with Yin pulse indicates short life; Yin disease with Yang pulse indicates the disease does not take shape. Yang syndromes involve much speech; Yin syndromes involve silence. Much speech is easy to treat; silence is hard to nourish. Yang disease is quiet in the morning; Yin disease is peaceful at night. Yin and Yang move according to the season. Yang deficiency causes confusion in the evening; Yin deficiency causes contention in the morning. Morning and evening interlace, causing Qi to reverse and horizontal flow. The principles of life and death are clear within Yin and Yang. Yin Qi descending but not ascending is called "Severed Collaterals" (Duanluo); Yang Qi ascending but not descending is called "Severed Meridians" (Duanjing). Evil in Yin is called Turbid (Zhuo); evil in Yang is called Clear (Qing). Fire arrives at Kan Door; Water reaches Li Latch. When Yin and Yang correspond, peace is achieved. If Yin is insufficient, aid it with Water Mother; if Yang is insufficient, assist it with Fire Essence. When Yin and Yang are equally aided, they climb their respective peaks. Upper passage of three cun is called the Divine Road of Yang; lower passage of three cun is called the Ghost Path of Yin. Yin should often be reduced; Yang should often be filled. Those dwelling in the center have balanced Yin and Yang. Thus, Yang within Yang receives titles from Immortals; Yin within Yin is named by Underworld Ghosts. Those following Yin mostly perish; those following Yang mostly achieve longevity. Encountering this profound interest, nothing fails to work.