夫呕吐之证，由脾胃有邪冷，谷气不理所为也。胃气水谷之海，其气不调而有风冷乘之，
冷搏于胃，胃气
逆则令呕吐也。按《良方》呕吐之疾，非特脾胃虚冷而呕吐也，亦有胃热而呕者，亦有胃中冷、
胃口热而吐者，亦有痰盛而呕者，亦有血弱而呕者。经云∶无阴则呕是也，不可一概用药，
非徒无益，而反害之。
胃冷而呕吐者，宜用人参丁香散、理中丸、半夏丸、人参七味丸。胃热而呕吐者，小柴胡
汤、芦根汤、竹茹汤之属。胃中冷，胃口热而呕吐者，霍香正气散加姜枣煎，沉冷服即止。
痰盛呕吐者，二陈汤、半夏茯苓汤。
妊娠恶阻者，茯苓丸，更详本门施治。血不归原而呕吐者，十全大补汤加陈皮、半夏、藿香、
姜、枣煎服。有香港脚而呕吐者，宜审本门。
人参丁香散 治妇人脏腑虚冷，脾胃气弱，食即呕吐，水谷不消。
人参（一钱） 白术 丁香 砂仁 草果（各三分） 当归 白豆蔻 藿香叶 甘草（各五分）
橘皮 神曲 诃子（各三分）
上为细末，每服二钱，姜枣煎汤调下。
（仁斋）半夏丸 治胃冷积，呕逆不下食。
半夏（一升，皮硝水泡七次，为末，姜汁搜，和干） 白面（一升）
上罗半夏为细末，以水搜面丸，如弹子大，以白水煮，令浮起则熟。初吃四丸，日二服。
渐加至十五丸，旋煮旋服，似觉病渐减，又重合一料尤佳，忌羊肉。服二料之后，若病根未尽
除去，再不可合半夏丸，宜服人参七味丸，与半夏相间服亦可。
人参七味丸与半夏相间服亦可。
人参 白术（各五两） 浓朴（姜汁炒） 细辛（各四两） 生姜（八两，末） 陈皮（三两）
桂心（二两）
上为细末，炼蜜丸，如梧桐子大。饮汤下十五丸，渐加二十丸，忌桃、李、雀肉、生冷。
理中丸 治胃寒呕吐。（方见脾胃门。）
五苓散 治男子、妇人一切呕吐。除桂，加半夏制，每服一钱，以生姜自然汁调和如面，
候半时久，再以白汤
一小盏，调开温服。
竹茹汤 治胃热呕吐。
干葛（三两） 半夏（汤泡七次，姜汁半盏，水半盏，煮干用一两） 甘草（三钱）
上咀，每服半两，水盏半，姜三片、竹茹一丸、枣一枚，煎一盏，温服。
一人伤寒，得汗后身凉数日，忽呕吐，药与饮食俱不能下。医进丁香、藿香、滑石等药，
下咽即吐。许学士云∶此正汗后余热留胃院，竹茹汤相当，亟治，与之，实时愈。
呕吐这一病证，是由于脾胃受到邪气侵袭而寒冷，导致水谷之气无法正常运化所致。胃是水谷汇聚的海，如果胃气不调，风冷之邪乘虚而入，寒气与胃气相搏结，导致胃气上逆，从而引发呕吐。查阅《良方》可知，呕吐的疾病，不仅仅是因为脾胃虚寒引起的，也有因胃热而呕吐的；有胃中寒冷但胃口（幽门）发热而导致呕吐的；有因痰湿盛多而呕吐的；也有因血虚而呕吐的。医经说：“无阴则呕”，指的就是这种情况。因此不能一概而论地用药，否则不仅没有益处，反而会造成伤害。
对于胃寒引起的呕吐，适宜使用人参丁香散、理中丸、半夏丸、人参七味丸。对于胃热引起的呕吐，适宜使用小柴胡汤、芦根汤、竹茹汤这类方剂。对于胃中寒冷、胃口发热引起的呕吐，适宜使用藿香正气散加生姜、大枣煎煮，待药液沉冷后服用即可停止呕吐。对于痰湿盛多引起的呕吐，适宜使用二陈汤、半夏茯苓汤。
妊娠期间出现的恶阻症状，可使用茯苓丸，更详细的需参照本门（妇科）进行治疗。因血不归原（血液不能正常循行归藏）而呕吐的，适宜使用十全大补汤加陈皮、半夏、藿香、生姜、大枣煎服。患有脚气病（香港脚）并伴有呕吐的，应当详细审查本门（脚气门/风湿门）的相关论述。
人参丁香散：治疗妇人脏腑虚寒，脾胃气弱，进食后立即呕吐，水谷无法消化。
配方：人参（一钱）、白术、丁香、砂仁、草果（各三分）、当归、白豆蔻、藿香叶、甘草（各五分）、橘皮、神曲、诃子（各三分）。
制法用法：以上药材研成细末，每次服用二钱，用生姜、大枣煎汤调服。
（仁斋）半夏丸：治疗胃寒积滞，呕吐逆气，无法进食。
配方：半夏（一升，用皮硝水泡七次，研成细末，用姜汁调和晒干）、白面（一升）。
制法用法：将半夏筛成细末，用水调和面粉制成丸子，大小如弹子，用白水煮熟，浮起即表示熟了。初次服用四丸，每日两次。逐渐增加至十五丸，现煮现服，感觉病情逐渐减轻后，再制作一料服用效果更佳。忌食羊肉。服用两料之后，如果病根未尽除，不可再制作半夏丸，宜服用人参七味丸，与人参七味丸交替服用也可以。
人参七味丸：可与半夏丸交替服用。
配方：人参、白术（各五两）、浓朴（用姜汁炒）、细辛（各四两）、生姜（八两，研末）、陈皮（三两）、桂心（二两）。
制法用法：以上药材研成细末，用炼蜜制成丸子，大小如梧桐子。用汤药送服十五丸，逐渐增加至二十丸。忌食桃、李、雀肉及生冷食物。
五苓散：治疗男子、妇人一切呕吐。去掉桂枝，加入制半夏，每次服用一钱，用生姜自然汁调和如面糊状，等待半小时左右，再用白开水一小盏调开，温服。
竹茹汤：治疗胃热呕吐。
配方：干葛（三两）、半夏（用汤泡七次，加姜汁半盏、水半盏，煮干后取一两）、甘草（三钱）。
制法用法：将药材切碎，每次服用半两，加水一盏半，生姜三片、竹茹一丸、大枣一枚，煎至一盏量，温服。
有一人患伤寒，发汗后身体凉爽数日，突然呕吐，药物和饮食都无法咽下。医生给予丁香、藿香、滑石等药物，刚咽下就吐了出来。许学士说：“这正是发汗后余热留在胃脘部，竹茹汤正对证，应紧急治疗。”给他服用后，立刻痊愈。
The syndrome of vomiting and regurgitation arises from pathogenic cold affecting the Spleen and Stomach, resulting in the failure of food and grain Qi to be properly transformed and transported. The Stomach is the sea of water and grain; if its Qi is disordered, wind-cold may invade it. When cold clashes with the Stomach Qi, causing the Stomach Qi to rebel upwards, vomiting ensues. According to *Liang Fang*, the disease of vomiting is not solely caused by deficiency-cold of the Spleen and Stomach. There are cases of vomiting due to Stomach heat, cases where the body of the Stomach is cold but the pylorus (Stomach mouth) is hot, cases due to excessive phlegm, and cases due to blood deficiency. The Classics state: "Without Yin, there is vomiting," referring to such conditions. Therefore, one cannot apply a uniform treatment; doing so brings no benefit and causes harm.
For vomiting due to Stomach cold, Ren Shen Ding Xiang San (Ginseng and Clove Powder), Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill), Ban Xia Wan (Pinellia Pill), and Ren Shen Qi Wei Wan (Seven-Ingredient Ginseng Pill) are suitable. For vomiting due to Stomach heat, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), Lu Gen Tang (Reed Rhizome Decoction), and Zhu Ru Tang (Bamboo Shavings Decoction) are appropriate. For vomiting due to cold in the Stomach body and heat at the pylorus, Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San (Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi) decocted with fresh ginger and jujube, taken when cooled, will stop the vomiting. For vomiting due to excessive phlegm, Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) and Ban Xia Fu Ling Tang (Pinellia and Poria Decoction) are indicated.
For nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (E Zu), Fu Ling Wan (Poria Pill) may be used; for detailed treatment, refer to the Gynecology section. For vomiting due to blood failing to return to its source, Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Comprehensive Great Tonifying Decoction) added with Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel), Ban Xia (Pinellia), Huo Xiang (Patchouli), fresh ginger, and jujube, decocted and taken, is suitable. For vomiting accompanied by Jiao Qi (Foot Disease/Gout), consult the relevant section on that condition.
Ren Shen Ding Xiang San (Ginseng and Clove Powder): Treats deficiency-cold of the viscera in women, weak Qi of the Spleen and Stomach, immediate vomiting after eating, and indigestion of food and fluids.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) (1 qian), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos), Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Cao Guo (Tsaoko Fructus) (each 3 fen); Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Bai Dou Kou (Amomi Fructus), Huo Xiang Ye (Agasteghis Herba), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 5 fen); Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shen Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), He Zi (Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus) (each 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind all ingredients into a fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with a decoction of fresh ginger and jujube.
(Ben Zhai) Ban Xia Wan (Pinellia Pill): Treats cold accumulation in the Stomach, rebellious Qi, vomiting, and inability to eat.
Ingredients: Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (1 sheng, soaked seven times in water with Pi Xiao [Sodium Bicarbonate], ground into powder, kneaded with Jiang Zhi [Fresh Ginger Juice] and dried); Bai Mian (White Wheat Flour) (1 sheng).
Preparation and Administration: Sieve the Pinellia into a fine powder. Knead with water to form pills the size of a marble. Boil in plain water until they float, indicating they are cooked. Start with four pills, twice daily. Gradually increase to fifteen pills. Cook and take immediately. If symptoms subside, prepare another batch for continued use. Avoid mutton. After two batches, if the root cause remains, do not prepare more Ban Xia Wan; instead, use Ren Shen Qi Wei Wan, alternating with Ban Xia Wan.
Ren Shen Qi Wei Wan (Seven-Ingredient Ginseng Pill): Can be alternated with Ban Xia Wan.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 5 liang); Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) (stir-fried with Jiang Zhi [Fresh Ginger Juice]), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (each 4 liang); Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (8 liang, powdered); Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (3 liang); Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into a fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 15 pills with warm liquid, gradually increasing to 20 pills. Avoid peaches, plums, sparrow meat, and raw/cold foods.
Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill): Treats Stomach cold-induced vomiting. (Formula see Spleen and Stomach Section.)
Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria): Treats all types of vomiting in men and women. Remove Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), add prepared Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma). Take 1 qian per dose, mix with fresh ginger juice to a paste-like consistency. Wait half an hour, then dilute with a small cup of warm boiled water and take warm.
Zhu Ru Tang (Bamboo Shavings Decoction): Treats Stomach heat-induced vomiting.
Ingredients: Gan Ge (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) (3 liang); Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (soaked in boiling water seven times, boiled with half a cup of Jiang Zhi [Fresh Ginger Juice] and half a cup of water until dry, retain 1 liang); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (3 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush the herbs. Take 0.5 liang per dose. Add 1.5 cups of water, three slices of fresh ginger, one pill of Zhu Ru (Bambusa Textilis Caulis), and one jujube. Decoct to one cup. Take warm.
Case: A patient with Shang Han (Cold Damage) had sweated, and his body remained cool for several days. Suddenly, he began vomiting, unable to tolerate any medicine or food. The physician administered medicines such as Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos), Huo Xiang (Agasteghis Herba), and Hua Shi (Talcum). Upon swallowing, the patient vomited them up. Scholar Xu stated: "This is precisely residual heat remaining in the Epigastrium after sweating. Zhu Ru Tang (Bamboo Shavings Decoction) is the correct formula. Treat urgently." The patient was given the decoction and recovered immediately.