大抵小儿随其心性,不可触逆。凡有所爱之物,不可强直取之,心神所好,若不遂欲,
心气解散,神逐物迁,不食不言,神昏如醉,四肢垂 ,状如中恶。医士见之,莫之措手,如
有此证,询其母及左右,顺其所欲,然后用药则安也。
沉香顺气散 治小儿物忤逆触。
沉香 茯神 紫苏叶 人参 甘草(炙。各一钱)
上为细末,紫苏梗煎汤调化,不拘时服。
安息香煎 治同前。
安息香 苏合香 檀香 藿香 甘草 胆南星(各等分)
上为细末,姜汁调作小饼。每用磨化涂奶上及焚烟,避一切客忤及物触。
犀角散 治客忤惊啼壮热。
犀角 麦门冬 天麻 钩藤 朱砂(各一钱) 铁粉 雄黄(各半钱) 麝香(少许)
上为末,每服半钱,金银煎汤调服。
伏龙肝散 治前。
灶心黄土(二两,研) 鸡子(一枚)
二件和水少许,调匀涂五心及顶门。
(如鱼之上钩,故云天钓。)
钱氏云∶小儿天钓病,皆由乳母饮酒食肉,房劳热毒之气流入乳中,儿食其乳,遂使传
其热毒,痰涎蕴积不得宣通。加之外挟六淫,致有此证。其患壮热惊悸,眼目翻腾,手足抽掣,
或啼或笑,喜怒不常。甚者爪甲皆青,如祟之状,初得之时,四肢螈 ,壮热无时,频频呵
欠,脉大而实,治法速宜解利风热。
总的来说,小儿的性格习性难以违逆。凡是孩子喜爱的物品,不可强行夺取;如果孩子心中所好未能如愿,会导致心气涣散,神志随外物游走,出现不吃不喝、神情昏沉如同醉酒一般、四肢下垂无力等症状,状似中邪(中恶)。医生见到这种情况,往往束手无策。如果遇到此类证候,应询问其母亲及周围人,顺应孩子的欲望,然后再用药治疗,患儿即可安宁。
沉香顺气散:治疗小儿因异物忤逆触犯引起的病症。
药材:沉香、茯神、紫苏叶、人参、炙甘草(各一钱)。
制法与用法:将上述药物研为细末,用紫苏梗煎煮的汤液调服,不限定具体时间服用。
安息香煎:治疗方法同上。
药材:安息香、苏合香、檀香、藿香、甘草、胆南星(各等分)。
制法与用法:将上述药物研为细末,用姜汁调和制成小饼。每次使用时磨化涂抹于乳头处,或焚烧取其烟雾,以避开一切客忤(外来邪气)及异物触犯的侵害。
犀角散:治疗客忤惊啼伴壮热。
药材:犀角、麦门冬、天麻、钩藤、朱砂(各一钱)、铁粉、雄黄(各半钱)、麝香(少许)。
制法与用法:将上述药物研为细末,每次服用半钱,用金银煎煮的汤液调服。
伏龙肝散:治疗前述病症。
药材:灶心黄土(二两,研磨)、鸡蛋(一枚)。
制法与用法:将两味药加少量水混合均匀,涂抹于两手心、两足心及头顶百会穴处。
(因为症状像鱼上钩一样身体反张,所以称为“天钓”。)
钱乙说:小儿的天钓病,多是因为乳母饮酒、吃肉类以及房事过度,导致热毒之气流入乳汁中,婴儿吸食后,热毒随之传入体内,致使痰涎蕴积无法宣通。再加上外感六淫邪气,从而引发此证。其症状表现为壮热、惊悸、眼球翻动、手足抽搐,有时啼哭有时欢笑,喜怒无常。严重的甚至指甲全部发青,状如被鬼祟附体。初发病时,四肢抽搐,壮热无定时,频频打哈欠,脉象大而有力,治疗方法应当迅速解除风热之邪。
Generally speaking, the temperament and habits of infants are difficult to contravene. For any objects that the child loves, one must not forcibly take them away. If the desires of the heart and mind are not fulfilled, it may lead to the dissipation of Heart Qi (vital energy of the Heart), with the spirit wandering along with external objects. This results in symptoms such as refusal to eat or speak, mental confusion resembling drunkenness, drooping limbs, and a condition resembling Zhong'e (sudden collapse due to evil invasion). Physicians encountering this condition often find themselves at a loss for how to proceed. In such cases, one should inquire of the mother and attendants, accommodate the child's desires, and then administer medication to bring peace.
Chenxiang Shunqi San (Agarwood Decoction for Directing Qi): Treats infantile conditions caused by obstruction from foreign objects or spiritual intrusion.
Ingredients: Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), Fushen (Poria Cum Radix Pini), Zisuye (Perillae Folium), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder. Administer with decoction made from Zisugeng (Perillae Caulis), without restriction on time.
Anshixiang Jian (Benzoin Decoction): Same treatment as above.
Ingredients: Anshixiang (Benzoin Resina), Suhexiang (Styrax), Tanxiang (Santalum Album Lignum), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Danningxing (Arisaema cum Bile) (equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder. Mix with ginger juice to form small cakes. When needed, grind and apply to the nipple, or burn to produce smoke, to ward off all forms of Ke Wu (alien intrusion) and object-related disturbances.
Xijiao San (Rhinoceros Horn Powder): Treats Ke Wu (alien intrusion) with startled crying and high fever.
Ingredients: Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma), Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis), Zhusha (Cinnabaris) (each 1 qian), Tiefen (Ferrum Oxidatum), Xionghuang (Realgar) (each half qian), Shexiang (Moschus) (a small amount).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take half a qian each time, mixed with decoction made from gold and silver.
Fulonggan San (Dragon's House Earth Powder): Treats the aforementioned conditions.
Ingredients: Zaoxin Huangtu (Caulis Longanae Arillus or Hearth Soil - traditionally "Hearth Earth"), Jizi (Galli Ovum Ovipus) (one egg).
Preparation and Administration: Mix the two ingredients with a small amount of water until uniform. Apply to the five centers (palms and soles) and Dingmen (Baihui acupoint on the vertex).
(The name "Tian Diao" [Heavenly Fishing] is derived from the symptom resembling a fish hooked upwards.)
Qian Yi stated: Infantile Tian Diao disease is primarily caused by the wet nurse consuming alcohol, meat, and engaging in excessive sexual activity, leading to heat-toxin qi flowing into the breast milk. When the infant ingests this milk, the heat-toxin is transmitted, causing phlegm and saliva to accumulate and obstruct free flow. Additionally, external contraction of the Six Excesses (Liu Yin) contributes to this syndrome. Symptoms include high fever, palpitations, rolling eyes, convulsions of hands and feet, alternating between crying and laughing, and irregular emotions. In severe cases, the fingernails turn blue, resembling possession by spirits. At the onset, there are spasms of the four limbs, unrelenting high fever, frequent yawning, and a large, excess pulse. The treatment method should promptly resolve wind-heat.