Abscesses and furuncles appearing after the resolution of smallpox are caused by residual toxic qi from the smallpox remaining in the meridians and collaterals, which then stagnates between the limbs and tendons. There are also cases arising from failure to resolve and promote dispersion after the lesions have flattened. The most effective prescription is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) with added Shengdihuang (Raw Rehmannia Root), or Qingliang Yin (Cooling Drink), Da Lianqiao Yin (Large Forsythia Decoction), Xiaodu Yin (Detoxification Drink), and Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) can all be used.

When the smallpox lesions have resolved but residual heat remains, treatment should be based on the severity of the heat. For severe heat, promoting urination is indicated; for mild heat, resolving toxicity is appropriate. Promoting urination guides the heart fire downwards, so even without using cooling herbs, the residual heat will naturally dissipate. Resolving mild heat is necessary because unresolved mild heat will inevitably lead to severe heat. For mild heat, Daochi San (Guide Out the Red Powder) is utilized; for more significant heat, Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) is used. Harsh purgatives must strictly be avoided. After smallpox, the stomach qi is deficient; using harsh purgatives would instead cause complications such as abscesses or other diseases. If there is body heat accompanied by other syndromes, Liuwei Chaihu Maimen San (Six-Ingredient Bupleurum and Ophiopogon Powder) is used. For sores in the throat, mouth, and tongue preventing suckling, Rusheng Maimendong Tang (Like-Sage Ophiopogon Decoction) is administered.

Observing the morphology and symptoms of the smallpox indicates the severity. Mild cases do not require medication, whereas severe cases demand early intervention and rescue. Whether the rash has erupted or not, if there is constipation, dark and scanty urine, fever, and thirst, this constitutes interior heat. Cooling blood, resolving toxicity, moistening the intestines, promoting urination, and detoxifying with formulas like Xiaodu Yin (Detoxification Drink) or Sisheng San (Four Sages Powder) are applicable. For initial vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia, rapid regulation is required. Delay may lead to exhaustion of primordial qi, making recovery difficult. Cases with mild excess syndromes and favorable progression do not require tonics like Baoyuan Tang (Preserve the Origin Decoction). Using tonics when there is interior excess will likely result in lingering toxins forming abscesses; using tonics when there is exterior excess will lead to ulceration and pain of the spots.

Erupting in three or four batches, sparse on the head, eyes, chest, and abdomen, absent in the eyes, varying in size, plump and lustrous, red inside and out, with a red base and waxy-white tip.

Erupting simultaneously, dense as silkworm eggs, with warm body and abdominal distension, warm head and cold feet, reddish skin, vomiting and diarrhea, black spots on the five zang organs and seven orifices, resembling cornels, white outside and black inside, or grayish-white.

Black outside and red inside indicates smallpox complicated by measles-like eruptions.