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寝衣 即今之禅衣似也。《论语》记∶孔子必有寝衣，长一身有半，上如衣领，有肩坎，下阔
如轮，以杀缝之。长八尺，阔一丈，约用梭布六丈。外青里褐，用花约四斤，用绵只二斤，尤轻
妙。内用迳尺绵团一个，随身携带。冬天早晚披衣而坐，闭目定息，凝神片刻，诚为至要。士商
家不可不备也。
龙虎衣 修养家有龙虎衣，夜卧必用，以固济丹田、肾堂、玉道，实为外护要法。甫谓凡人
必用之衣，盖日夜不可须臾离也。其法用帛三尺三寸，迳五寸，内用熟艾叶掺以花椒、茴香、檀
香为末，薄铺用线钉缝，自后循前，以丁 幅往上插贴丹田，此为人身元气根本之地，不可以不慎也。
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【寒衣热解】抱朴子云∶先寒而衣，先热而解。
【春天不可薄衣】令人伤寒头痛，食不消。
【湿衣发疮】《千金方》云∶湿衣及汗衣皆不可久着，令人发疮及风搔。大汗不可偏倚乘风，
令人偏风，半身不遂，汗衣宜急易。
【衣里不宜黄色】《诗》云∶绿衣黄里，心之悲矣。黄为中央之正色，为君之服色。而反以
为里，则是阴阳颠倒，故弗宜也。诗人引喻贵外家而贱妻，亦室家之索也。红紫不以为亵服，意亦如此。
【反衣顺吉】凡人旦起，着衣反者便顺，反而着之吉。
【衣勤浣身数沐】沈存中《志》云∶衣服勤浣洗，以香沾之，身数沐浴，令洁净，则神安道胜也。
【不与人同】齐人《千金月令》曰∶衣服巾栉枕镜不宜与人同也。衣服不宜买故衣，恐衣不祥。
【衣香有喜】凡衣服忽闻香气，主有喜庆，忽闻臭秽即知疾凶。
【衣忽生斑】衣服忽生斑痕，忽染脂粉及有孔穴者，并不祥。
【入绵无珠】伏中装绵人衣则无珠，秋冬装绵则有珠。法以灯芯少许铺绵上，则无珠出也。
【绢衣布里】凡绢衣用木绵布为里，以杏仁或银杏擂浆浆者，不吃绢。
【米泔浣洁】白衣服用洗白米泔浣之一日，自洁白。热白饮汤浣之亦洁白。
【鸡粪练绢】北绢黄色者，以鸡粪煮之即白。
【洗油污衣】用面扑之，或以水调面敷之一日夜，尽脱。又法∶滑石、天花粉不拘多少，为
末。将污处以炭火烘热，以末糁振之，未尽，再烘再糁，甚者不过五度。一方以蚌粉浓糁污处，
以熨斗坐糁处则去。一法以
炭火熨之，或以萝卜汤洗之。
【洗墨污衣】用杏仁细嚼，擦之自去。再以热汤一洗，尽去无迹。一方嚼枣肉洗之。墨污绢，
以牛胶涂之候干，揭起胶墨则落。一方以白梅捶烂洗之。一方用饭擦，以水洗之。
【血污衣】以萝卜搓之自去。又以净水逐口漱过，洗之自去。
【酒浆醋污衣】以藕擦之无迹。
【漆污衣】杏仁、川椒等分烂研，揩污处，净洗之。
【蟹黄污衣】用蟹腮揩之即去。又法∶用橙子穣擦之自去。
【湿洗墨油法】皂角一枚，去皮弦，枣子五枚，滑石半两，豆豉一两末，以杏仁捣和，干收
之。遇有油墨污，以水蘸湿用。
【洗苎布法】梅叶捣取汁，以水和浸布，后用清水漂之，带水铺净地上晒干，未白再浸再晒。
【洗葛布法】用米泔浸二日，取起折贴，用板夹之，水尽晾干，污自去，勿搓。糨则用浆水
入山栀汤和极稀，浸一时，亦折夹之尽，用熨斗熨之，平直如新。
【洗竹布法】不可揉，揉则随手破折。须折叠，以隔宿米泔浸半日，却用温水淋，以手按或以
板夹，垢自去。
【洗蕉葛法】清水揉梅叶洗其衣不脆。或以叶捣泡汤滤洗之亦可。
【洗糨铁骊布法】松子肉 细，和糨中不脆。又法∶用茶浓汁入香油一二滴，糨之亦佳。
【洗白衣】煮萝葡汁洗之垢去。烂捣汁洗之亦净。
【洗毛衣及毡法】猪蹄爪煎汤，乘热洗之，污自去。
【洗罗绢法】凡罗绢衣稍有垢，便折之桶中，以皂角汤温泡之，以手拍洗，频翻之，又浸且拍，
垢腻尽出。却过净器，以温汤浸之又拍，勿展开，迳搭竹竿上，候水滴尽，乃展开穿晾。不浆不
熨，候干折。
【洗彩色】凡彩色垢衣，先用牛胶水浸半日，温汤洗之。
【练绢法】先用便桑殊汤煮熟了，然后用猪胰炼绢之法，须候灰汤大滚，下帛候沸，不住手搅，提转。
勿过熟，过熟则烂；勿夹生，夹生则脆。验生熟法∶煮绢时就手扭些，随手散则未熟，再煮数沸，候扭住不散
为度。用胰法∶猪胰一具，同净灰捣成饼，阴干。用时量绵多少，剪用稻草一条，折作四指长条，搓汤浸帛。
如无胰，只用栝蒌去皮，取穣捣碎，入汤化开，浸帛尤好。
【洗梅衣】凡梅蒸衣服成斑迹，以枇杷核捶碎为末，泡汤洗之自去。
【蚊蝇粪污衣】以灯芯蘸水擦之则去。
【茶褐衣梅迹】凡茶褐衣服发白花斑点者，以乌梅煎浓汤，用笔涂迹上，立还原色。
【纸被】纸被旧而毛起将破者，用黄蜀葵梗五七茎捶碎，水浸涎刷之则如新。或以木槿针叶捣水刷之亦妙。
芝麻萁烧烟薰纸被不作声。
【洗油污书画法】海螵蛸、滑石（各二钱）、龙骨、白垩土（各一钱），共为末用。铺油污
之上以熨斗熨之。大凡油污多时已干者，仍以油渍，大透不妨。否则以水浸湿，半干上药亦可。
【洗葛衣】用梅叶或杏叶揉水洗之不脆。
【洗油布】肉案上抹油布，以热浆水加入猪胆汁洗之，油自去。
【染芦花色】以帛二十两为则，用土红为细末四两，先擂和水三碗成浆，然用热汤一斗入缸
盆中搀和匀。再入明矾末一两，滚汤泡入，用帛入揉良久扭起，将原水浇滚，少入皂矾。又将帛
入其内揉之，则成芦褐色。皂矾多则黑，皂少则红，要看浅深着色尤妙。有用苏木煎汤，胜于土红。
【染油绿色】先将帛染作深蓝色，再入槐花汤。入明矾染之，则成油绿。如要深色，再用槐花汤染。
【寝衣样式】
寝衣，就是现在的禅衣（一种轻便的内衣）。《论语》记载：孔子一定有寝衣，长度是一身半长，上部像衣领，有肩部的缺口，下部宽大如轮，通过收拢缝制而成。长八尺，宽一丈，大约需要梭布六丈。外面青色，里面褐色，用花约四斤，用绵仅二斤，特别轻妙。内部放置一个直径一尺的绵团，随身携带。冬天早晚披衣而坐，闭目调息，凝神片刻，确实非常重要。士人和商人不可不准备。
龙虎衣 修养家有一种龙虎衣，夜间睡觉时必须使用，用来固护丹田、肾堂、玉道，这确实是外部保护的重要方法。我认为这是普通人必须使用的衣物，可以说日夜都不能片刻离开。其做法是用三尺三寸长、五寸宽的帛，内部填入熟艾叶，掺入花椒、茴香、檀香的粉末，薄薄铺平后用线钉缝，从后背向前，以“丁”字形幅面往上插贴于丹田，这是人身元气的根本所在，不可以不谨慎。
【寒衣热解】抱朴子说：先感到寒冷时再穿衣，先感到热时再脱衣。
【湿衣发疮】《千金方》说：湿衣服和汗衣服都不可以长时间穿着，否则会使人发生疮疡和风疹瘙痒。大汗之后不可偏倚身体迎风，否则会使人患偏风（中风），导致半身不遂，汗衣应当立即更换。
【衣里不宜黄色】《诗经》说：“绿衣黄里，心中悲伤啊。”黄色是中央的正色，是君主的服色。如果反过来用作内衬，那就是阴阳颠倒，所以不适宜。诗人以此比喻重视外室而轻视正妻，也是家庭关系的疏远。红色和紫色不用于日常便服，意思也是如此。
【反衣顺吉】凡人早晨起床，穿衣服时若反着穿则不顺，反过来穿才对，这样吉利。
【衣勤浣身数沐】沈括在《梦溪笔谈》中说：衣服要勤洗，用香料沾染，身体要多次沐浴，保持洁净，这样心神安宁，道气胜旺。
【不与人同】齐地《千金月令》说：衣服、毛巾、梳子、枕头、镜子等不应与他人共用。衣服不要买旧衣，恐怕衣服带有不祥之气。
【衣香有喜】凡是衣服忽然闻到香气，主有喜庆之事；忽然闻到臭秽气味，就知道会有疾病或凶险。
【衣忽生斑】衣服忽然生出斑点痕迹，或者沾染了脂粉以及出现孔穴的，都不吉祥。
【入绵无珠】伏天装填绵絮的衣服就不会出棉结（珠），秋冬季节装填绵絮就会有棉结。方法是放少许灯芯草铺在绵上，就不会出棉结了。
【绢衣布里】凡是绢衣用木棉布做内衬，用杏仁或银杏研磨成浆来浆洗的，就不容易磨损绢料。
【米泔浣洁】白色衣服用淘米水洗涤一天，自然洁白。用热的白米汤洗涤也洁白。
【鸡粪练绢】北方的黄色绢，用鸡粪煮它就会变白。
【洗油污衣】用面粉扑在上面，或者用水调面粉敷上一天一夜，油污尽除。另一方法：滑石、天花粉不限多少，研成粉末。将污处用炭火烘热，撒上粉末并拍打，未净，再烘再撒，严重的不过五次。一方用蚌粉浓撒在污处，用熨斗坐在污处即可去除。一法用炭火熨烫，或者用萝卜汤清洗。
【洗墨污衣】用杏仁细嚼，擦拭污渍自然去除。再用热水清洗一遍，完全去除无痕迹。一方嚼枣肉清洗。墨污染绢，用牛胶涂抹等待干燥，揭起胶墨随之脱落。一方用白梅捶烂后清洗。一方用米饭擦拭，用水清洗。
【血污衣】用萝卜搓擦自然去除。又用清水逐口漱过（指漱口后的水或强调清水），清洗自然去除。
【酒浆醋污衣】用藕擦擦就没有痕迹。
【漆污衣】杏仁、川椒各等分捣烂研磨，揩擦污处，洗净即可。
【蟹黄污衣】用蟹腮揩擦即去。另一法：用橙子瓤擦擦自然去除。
【湿洗墨油法】皂角一枚，去皮和弦，枣子五枚，滑石半两，豆豉一两研末，与杏仁捣和，干燥保存。遇到油墨污染，用水蘸湿使用。
【洗苎布法】梅叶捣取汁液，用水调和浸泡布料，然后用清水漂洗，带着水分铺在干净地上晒干，如果不白再浸再晒。
【洗葛布法】用米泔水浸泡两天，取出折叠贴好，用木板夹住，水流干晾干，污垢自去，不要搓揉。浆洗时用浆水加入山栀子汤调和得非常稀，浸泡一时辰，也折叠夹好，用熨斗熨烫，平整如新。
【洗竹布法】不可揉搓，揉搓就会随手破裂折断。须折叠，用隔夜的米泔水浸泡半天，然后用温水淋浇，用手按压或用板夹，污垢自去。
【洗蕉葛法】清水揉搓梅叶清洗衣服，衣服不会变脆。或者将叶子捣碎泡汤过滤后清洗也可以。
【洗糨铁骊布法】松子肉研细，和入浆糊中，衣服不会变脆。另一法：用浓茶汁加入香油一二滴，浆洗也很好。
【洗白衣】煮萝卜汁清洗，污垢去除。烂捣汁液清洗也干净。
【洗毛衣及毡法】猪蹄爪煎汤，趁热清洗，污垢自去。
【洗罗绢法】凡是罗绢衣服稍有污垢，就折叠放入桶中，用皂角汤温泡，用手拍洗，频繁翻动，又浸又拍，污垢腻物尽出。然后换到干净的器皿中，用温水浸泡又拍打，不要展开，直接搭在竹竿上，等水滴尽，才展开晾晒。不浆洗不熨烫，等干了再折叠。
【洗彩色】凡是彩色污垢衣服，先用牛胶水浸泡半天，用温水清洗。
【练绢法】先用普通的桑树殊（可能是指桑枝或特定处理）汤煮熟，然后用猪胰子炼绢的方法，必须等灰汤大滚，放入丝绸等待沸腾，不停地搅拌，提起翻转。不要煮得太熟，太熟则会烂；不要夹生，夹生则会脆。检验生熟的方法：煮绢时随手扭一点，随手散开则是未熟，再煮几沸，等到扭住不散为止。用胰子的方法：猪胰子一个，同干净的灰捣成饼，阴干。用时根据绵的多少，剪一条稻草，折成四指长的条，搓汤浸泡丝绸。如果没有胰子，只用栝蒌去皮，取瓤捣碎，入汤化开，浸泡丝绸尤其好。
【洗梅衣】凡是梅雨蒸得衣服出现斑迹，用枇杷核捶碎为粉末，泡汤清洗自然去除。
【蚊蝇粪污衣】用灯芯蘸水擦拭则去除。
【茶褐衣梅迹】凡是茶褐色衣服发出白花斑点的，用乌梅煎浓汤，用笔涂在痕迹上，立刻还原原色。
【纸被】纸被旧了且毛起将破的，用黄蜀葵梗五七茎捶碎，水浸出黏液刷之则如新。或者用木槿针叶捣水刷之也很妙。芝麻萁烧烟熏纸被，使其不发霉发声。
【洗油污书画法】海螵蛸、滑石（各二钱）、龙骨、白垩土（各一钱），共研为粉末使用。铺在油污之上用熨斗熨烫。大凡油污多且已干的，仍以油渍透，大透不妨。否则用水浸湿，半干时上药也可以。
【洗葛衣】用梅叶或杏叶揉水洗，衣服不会变脆。
【洗油布】肉案上抹油的布，用热浆水加入猪胆汁清洗，油自去。
【染芦花色】以二十两帛为标准，用土红研成细末四两，先擂和水三碗成浆，然后用热汤一斗倒入缸盆中搀和均匀。再入明矾末一两，用滚汤泡入，将帛放入揉搓良久提起，将原水浇滚，少入皂矾。又将帛放入其中揉搓，则成为芦褐色。皂矾多则黑，皂矾少则红，要看浅深着色尤其巧妙。有用苏木煎汤，胜于土红。
[Style of Sleeping Garment]
The sleeping garment (Qinyi) is similar to the modern Chan yi (a type of lightweight undergarment). The *Analects* records: Confucius always had a sleeping garment, with a length of one and a half times his body height. The upper part resembled a collar, with shoulder cutouts, and the lower part was wide like a wheel, gathered and sewn. It was eight chi long and one zhang wide, requiring approximately six zhang of shuttle cloth. The exterior was cyan, and the interior was brown, using about four jin of floral material and only two jin of cotton wadding, making it exceptionally light and exquisite. Inside, a cotton ball with a diameter of one chi was placed for carrying. In winter, sitting with this garment draped over oneself in the morning and evening, closing the eyes, regulating the breath, and concentrating the spirit for a moment is indeed crucial. Scholars and merchants should not fail to prepare one.
Dragon-Tiger Garment Cultivators use a Dragon-Tiger Garment, which must be worn at night to secure and protect the Dantian (the energy center below the navel), Shentang (Kidney Hall), and Yudao (Jade Path). This is truly an important method of external protection. I believe this is a garment that ordinary people must use, as it cannot be separated from day or night. The method involves using silk three chi three cun long and five cun wide. The interior is filled with cooked mugwort leaves mixed with powdered Sichuan pepper, fennel, and sandalwood. This is spread thinly and stitched with thread. From the back to the front, it is inserted and adhered upwards in a 'Ding' shape onto the Dantian, which is the root of primordial Qi in the human body; thus, caution is essential.
[Cold Clothes, Hot Unbinding] Baopuzi states: Put on clothes when you first feel cold, and remove them when you first feel hot.
[Do Not Wear Thin Clothes in Spring] Doing so may lead to Cold Damage (Shanghan) with headache and indigestion.
[Humid Clothes Cause Sores] The *Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold* states: Humid clothes and sweaty clothes should not be worn for long periods, as they can cause sores and wind-induced itching. After profuse sweating, one should not lean to one side and face the wind, as this can cause hemiplegia due to Wind Strike (Pian Feng); sweaty clothes should be changed immediately.
[Yellow Lining Is Inappropriate] The *Classic of Poetry* says: "Green outer, yellow inner, my heart is sorrowful." Yellow is the correct color of the Center and the attire color of the ruler. Using it as a lining reverses Yin and Yang, hence it is inappropriate. The poet uses this metaphor to criticize valuing concubines over wives, representing a breakdown in family relations. Red and purple are not used for casual wear, for similar reasons.
[Reversing Clothes Brings Good Fortune] When ordinary people rise in the morning, wearing clothes reversed is unfavorable; wearing them correctly brings good fortune.
[Frequent Washing of Clothes and Frequent Bathing] Shen Kuo in *Dream Pool Essays* states: Wash clothes frequently and scent them; bathe the body often to keep it clean, thereby calming the Spirit (Shen) and enhancing Daoist vitality.
[Do Not Share Items] The Qi region's *Thousand Gold Monthly Commands* states: Clothes, towels, combs, pillows, and mirrors should not be shared with others. Do not buy second-hand clothes, fearing they may carry inauspicious influences.
[Garment Fragrance Indicates Joy] If clothes suddenly emit a fragrant smell, it indicates upcoming celebrations; if they suddenly emit a foul odor, it signals illness or misfortune.
[Sudden Spots on Clothes] If clothes suddenly develop spots, stains from cosmetics, or holes, these are inauspicious signs.
[No Cotton Knots in Summer Wadding] Clothes wadded in midsummer will not form cotton knots (Zhu), whereas those wadded in autumn and winter will. The method is to place a few pieces of rush pith on the wadding to prevent knot formation.
[Silk Garments with Cotton Linings] For silk garments, using cotton cloth as a lining and sizing it with paste made from ground almonds or ginkgo nuts prevents damage to the silk.
[Rice Water Cleansing] White clothes washed in rice water for a day become naturally white. Washing with hot white rice soup also whitens them.
[Chicken Manure Bleaching Silk] Northern yellow silk becomes white when boiled with chicken manure.
[Washing Greasy Clothes] Apply flour powder to the stain, or apply a flour-water paste for one to two days until the grease is removed. Another method: Use unspecified amounts of Talcum (Huashi) and Trichosanthes Root Powder (Tianhuafen) ground into powder. Heat the stained area over charcoal fire, sprinkle the powder, and pat. Repeat heating and sprinkling if necessary; severe cases require no more than five repetitions. One formula uses dense clam shell powder applied to the stain, then pressed with a heated iron to remove it. Another method involves ironing over a charcoal fire or washing with radish soup.
[Washing Ink Stains] Chew almonds finely and rub the stain; it removes naturally. Rinse with hot water to ensure complete removal. One formula suggests chewing date flesh for washing. For ink-stained silk, apply ox glue, let it dry, and peel off the glue along with the ink. Another formula uses crushed white plums for washing. One method involves rubbing with rice and rinsing with water.
[Blood Stains on Clothes] Rub with radish to remove naturally. Alternatively, rinse thoroughly with clean water, and wash to remove naturally.
[Wine, Vinegar, or Syrup Stains] Rub with lotus root to remove traces.
[Lacquer Stains] Grind equal parts of almonds and Sichuan pepper until pasty, rub onto the stain, and wash clean.
[Crab Roe Stains] Rub with crab gills to remove. Another method: Rub with orange pulp to remove naturally.
[Wet Method for Washing Ink and Oil] Take one Gleditsia sinensis pod (Zaojiao), remove skin and strings; five dates; half liang of Talcum (Huashi); one liang of fermented soybeans (Douchi) ground to powder. Mix with pounded almonds and store dry. When encountering ink/oil stains, wet with water before use.
[Washing Ramie Cloth] Crush plum leaves to extract juice, mix with water to soak the cloth, then rinse with clear water. Spread damp on clean ground to dry. If not white enough, repeat soaking and drying.
[Washing Kudzu Cloth] Soak in rice water for two days, take out, fold, and press between boards until dry. Dirt removes naturally; do not rub. For sizing, mix starch water with Gardenia (Zhizi) decoction to a very dilute consistency, soak for one hour, fold and press again, then iron flat like new.
[Washing Bamboo Cloth] Do not rub, as it breaks easily. Fold and soak in overnight rice water for half a day, then rinse with warm water. Press by hand or board to remove dirt.
[Washing Banana Fiber Cloth] Rub plum leaves in clear water to wash the garment without making it brittle. Alternatively, crush leaves, steep in hot water, filter, and wash.
[Iron Li Cloth Sizing] Finely grind pine nut meat and mix into sizing to prevent brittleness. Another method: Add one or two drops of sesame oil to strong tea juice for sizing, which is also effective.
[Washing White Clothes] Boil radish juice and wash to remove dirt. Crushing radish for juice and washing is also clean.
[Washing Wool and Felt] Decoct pig trotters and claws, wash while hot, and dirt removes naturally.
[Washing Luo and Silk] If Luo or silk garments have slight dirt, fold them into a bucket, soak in warm Gleditsia sinensis decoction, and wash by patting. Turn frequently, soak and pat repeatedly until grease and dirt emerge. Transfer to a clean vessel, soak in warm water and pat again. Do not unfold; hang directly on a bamboo pole. Wait until water drips off, then unfold and air dry. Do not size or iron; fold after drying.
[Washing Colored Fabrics] For colored fabrics with dirt, first soak in ox glue solution for half a day, then wash with warm water.
[Bleaching Silk Method] First boil in ordinary mulch/silk-processing broth until cooked. Then use the pig pancreas method for refining silk. Wait for the ash water to boil vigorously, add the silk, and stir continuously, lifting and turning. Do not overcook, or it will rot; do not undercook, or it will become brittle. Test for doneness: Twist a small piece while boiling; if it falls apart, it is raw; boil a few more times until it holds together when twisted. Pancreas method: Take one pig pancreas, mix with clean ash, pound into cakes, and dry in shade. When using, cut a straw strip according to the amount of silk, fold into four-finger lengths, and use the decoction to soak the silk. If no pancreas is available, use peeled Trichosanthes (Gualou) pulp, crushed and dissolved in water to soak the silk, which is particularly effective.
[Washing Plum-Molded Clothes] If clothes develop mold spots during plum rains, crush loquat seeds into powder, steep in water, and wash to remove naturally.
[Mosquito and Fly Droppings] Rub with a rush pith dipped in water to remove.
[Tea-Brown Clothes with Mold Spots] If tea-brown clothes develop white mold spots, apply a concentrated decoction of dark plums with a brush to the spots; they instantly return to their original color.
[Paper Quilts] For old paper quilts that are fuzzing and nearing disintegration, crush five to seven stems of Abutilon indicum (Huangshukui), soak in water to extract mucilage, and brush onto the quilt to restore its appearance. Alternatively, brush with water extracted from Hibiscus trilobus needles. Burning sesame stalks to smoke the paper quilt prevents noise/mold issues.
[Washing Grease from Paintings/Calligraphy] Mix Cuttlebone (Haipiaoxiao) and Talcum (Huashi) (2 qian each) with Dragon Bone (Gulong) and China Clay (Bai'e Tu) (1 qian each) into a powder. Place over the grease stain and iron. Generally, for heavy, dried grease, re-oiling it thoroughly is acceptable. Otherwise, wet with water, apply medicine when half-dry.
[Washing Kudzu Garments] Rub with plum or apricot leaves and wash in water to prevent brittleness.
[Washing Oiled Cloth] For oiled cloths from butcher blocks, wash with hot starch water mixed with pig bile to remove oil.
[Dyeing Reed-Brown Color] Using twenty liang of silk as a standard, use four liang of earth red powder. Pound and mix with three bowls of water to form a paste. Add ten dou of hot water to a vat/pot and mix evenly. Add one liang of alum powder, pour in boiling water, insert the silk, knead for a long time, and lift. Pour boiling original water back in, adding a small amount of green vitriol (Sofan). Insert silk again and knead to achieve reed-brown. Too much Sofan makes it black; too little makes it red. Adjusting depth is excellent. Decoction of sappanwood (Sumu) is superior to earth red.
[Dyeing Olive Green] First dye the silk deep blue, then immerse in Sophora flower (Huaihua) decoction. Add alum and dye to achieve olive green. For darker shades, dye again with Sophora flower decoction.