味酸，微寒，有小毒。主通顺血脉，缓中，散恶血，逐贼血，去水气，利膀胱、大小
肠，消痈肿，时行寒热，中恶，腹痛，腰痛。一名白木，一名余容，一名犁食，一名解仓，
一名 。生中岳及丘陵。二月、八月采根，曝干。（须丸为之使，恶石斛、芒硝，畏硝石、
鳖甲、小蓟，反藜芦。）
《本经》原文∶芍药，味苦，平。主邪气腹痛，除血痹，破坚积，寒热疝瘕，止痛，利
小便，益气。生川谷
味苦，有小毒。主利五脏肠胃，补血气，除寒热风痹，温中，消谷，治喉咽痛，下蛊
一名利如，一名房图，一名白药，一名梗草，一名荠 。生嵩高及宛朐。二、八月采根
干。（节皮为之使，得牡蛎、远志治恚怒；得硝石、石膏治伤寒。畏白芨、龙眼、龙胆
《本经》原文∶桔梗，味辛，微温。主胸胁痛如刀刺，腹满肠鸣幽幽，惊恐悸气。生山
谷。
无毒。主除脑中冷动，面上游风去来，目泪出，多涕唾，忽忽如醉，诸寒冷气，心腹
痛，中恶，卒急肿痛，胁风痛，温中内寒。一名胡穷，一名香果。其叶名蘼芜。生武功、斜
谷、西岭。三月、四月采根，曝干。（白芷为之使，恶黄连。）
《本经》原文∶芎 ，味辛，温。主中风入脑头痛，寒痹筋挛缓急，金创，妇人血闭无
子。生川谷。
芍药：味酸，性微寒，有小毒。主要功效是疏通血脉，舒缓中焦（脾胃），消散瘀血，驱逐败血，去除水湿之气，通利膀胱及大小肠，消除痈肿，治疗时行疫病引起的寒热症状，以及中恶邪、腹痛、腰痛。又名白木、余容、犁食、解仓、[缺字]。生长于中岳（嵩山）及丘陵地带。二月和八月采集根部，晒干。（须丸为其引经药；忌与石斛、芒硝同用；畏惧硝石、鳖甲、小蓟；反藜芦。）
《神农本草经》原文记载：芍药，味苦，性平。主治邪气引起的腹痛，破除血痹，攻破坚积，治疗寒热疝瘕，止痛，通利小便，益气。生长于川谷之地。
桔梗：味苦，有小毒。主要功效是通利五脏肠胃，补血气，祛除寒热风痹，温中焦，促进消化，治疗喉咽痛，驱除蛊毒。又名利如、房图、白药、梗草、荠[缺字]。生长于嵩高（嵩山）及宛朐地区。二月和八月采集根部，晒干。（节皮为其引经药；配合牡蛎、远志可治疗愤怒情绪；配合硝石、石膏可治疗伤寒。畏惧白芨、龙眼、龙胆。）
《神农本草经》原文记载：桔梗，味辛，性微温。主治胸胁疼痛如刀刺，腹部胀满且肠鸣音低弱，惊恐悸动之气。生长于山谷之地。
芎䓖（川芎）：无毒。主要功效是祛除脑中冷动感，消除面部游走之风，止泪，减少多涕唾，缓解恍惚如醉的状态，治疗各种寒冷之气引起的心腹疼痛，中恶邪，突发急症肿痛，胁肋风痛，温中散内寒。又名胡穷、香果。其叶名为蘼芜。生长于武功、斜谷、西岭等地。三月和四月采集根部，晒干。（白芷为其引经药；忌与黄连同用。）
《神农本草经》原文记载：芎䓖，味辛，性温。主治中风入脑引起的头痛，寒痹导致的筋脉拘挛或弛缓，金创（刀剑创伤），妇人血闭不孕。生长于川谷之地。
*Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao, 芍药)*: Sour in taste, slightly cold in nature, with slight toxicity. Primarily functions to unblock and smooth the blood vessels, soothe the middle jiao (spleen and stomach), dissipate evil blood, drive out stagnant blood, remove damp-fluid accumulation, promote urination via the bladder and large/small intestines, resolve carbuncles and swellings, treat epidemic febrile diseases manifesting as chills and fever, sudden qi stagnation due to malignant pathogens, abdominal pain, and lower back pain. Also known as Baimu, Yurong, Lishi, Jie Cang, [missing character]. Grows in Zhongyue (Mount Song) and hilly regions. Roots are harvested in February and August and sun-dried. (Xuwan serves as its guiding herb; incompatible with Shihu, Mangxiao; adverse reaction with Xiaojisheng, Biaojia, Xiaoji; contrary to Lilu.)
*Original text from Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing*: Paeoniae Radix, bitter in taste, neutral in nature. Mainly treats abdominal pain caused by pathogenic factors, eliminates blood bi (obstruction), breaks down hard accumulations, treats chills/fever and hernia masses, relieves pain, promotes urination, and tonifies qi. Grows in river valleys.
*Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗)*: Bitter in taste, with slight toxicity. Primarily functions to benefit the five zang organs and gastrointestinal tract, tonify blood and qi, dispel wind-cold-dampness bi syndrome, warm the middle jiao, aid digestion, treat sore throat, and expel gu poison. Also known as Liru, Fangtu, Baiyao, Gengcao, Qi [missing character]. Grows in Songgao (Mount Song) and Wanqu areas. Roots are harvested in February and August and dried. (Jiepi serves as its guiding herb; combined with Muli and Yuanzhi to treat anger/rage; combined with Xiaoshi and Shigao to treat shanghan. Adverse reaction with Baiji, Longyan, Longdan.)
*Original text from Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing*: Platycodonis Radix, pungent in taste, slightly warm in nature. Mainly treats stabbing pain in the chest and hypochondrium, abdominal fullness with low-frequency borborygmus, fright, palpitations, and qi disturbance. Grows in mountain valleys.
*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Xiongnu, 芎䓖/Chuanxiong)*: Non-toxic. Primarily functions to dispel cold sensations in the brain, eliminate wandering wind on the face, stop lacrimation, reduce excessive rhinorrhea and salivation, alleviate mental confusion resembling drunkenness, treat various cold-pathogen-induced heart and abdominal pain, sudden qi stagnation due to malignant pathogens, acute swelling and pain, hypochondriac wind-pain, and warm the middle to dispel internal cold. Also known as Huqiong, Xiangguo. Its leaves are named Miwu. Grows in Wugong, Xiegu, and Xiling areas. Roots are harvested in March and April and sun-dried. (Baizhi serves as its guiding herb; incompatible with Huanglian.)
*Original text from Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing*: Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, pungent in taste, warm in nature. Mainly treats headache caused by wind-stroke invading the brain, cold-bi causing tendon spasm or flaccidity, traumatic injuries (golden wounds), amenorrhea due to blood closure, and infertility in women. Grows in river valleys.