康熙三十一年壬申长至日,王家瓒谨以清香祷告于药皇曰∶窃闻《诗》云∶“上帝临汝,无贰尔心。”《书》曰∶“作
善降之百样,作不善降之百殃。”又曰∶“惠迪吉,从逆凶,惟影响。”此列圣所垂之明训也。微氓如家瓒,生既不辰,命
复多舛,盖自先祖母五十余年,抚孤植节,一线单传,以迄于今。吾父衰龄望八,吾母见背,两弟继殁,俱无嗣息。
瓒所生儿女六人,亦皆以痘殇,孤危至此,无日不返躬自责也。惟此疡医世业,谨守家传,凡见诸苦恼,无论贫富,
先怀悲悯,耿耿此心,惟无可表。第自揣以褊浅之见识,荷司命之担当,任大责重,岂尽无讹,清夜深思,愈增忧惧。
幸而岁戊辰,竟得子,已已冬出痘矣。庚午又得子,今冬又出痘矣。家瓒向天稽首,末由报答鸿麻,诚恐迁善不力,恶
将集,舜 之分,间不容发,敢矢誓愿为承先裕后之基址。其首重者,忍辱安贫,毕生兢守,誓不趋时夸耀;或遇濒
危之症,悉心疗治,誓不惜名恝置;或遇轻浅之疾,实时安慰,誓不张皇显功;或病果疑难,学识未到,必详审以待高
明,誓不耽延贻误;或遇富浓之家,誓不幸灾攫利;或遇贫困之人,随力救援,誓不市恩而沾誉;或遇当道 绅,随缘
调治,誓不媚谀以玷祖先。嗟乎!人命至重,冥报难逃,执一得以误人,昧良心而罔利,均弗为之,若知之而自犯之,
是自绝于天也。设家瓒世味撄心,初终易辙,阳谴阴诛,交加不悔,神抵在上,其明鉴之。惟是力有所不逮,情有所不
忍,目击贫病无告,烟火不继之家,每有不堪之惨,彻底踌躇,点金乏术,今拟于薪水布袍之外,量为留余,制诸药饵,
为救疗贫病之万一。犹以母灵暴露,力不从心,然一安慈魄,此事亦誓必为之也。所仰祈者,老父寿而康宁,优游晚景,
二子克自振立,以延列祖书香,以报张太君之苦节,则臣愿足矣。若夫一身之荣辱,则家瓒命相已定,不敢妄祈,不胜
战栗投诚之至。
丙午之秋,东作阴骘文颂言毕,复命儿辈于祖笔一卷中,检先大父缄斋公“祷告药皇誓疏”底稿,读之怦怦心动。
鸣呼!以慈悲为命脉,以神明为监史,以忍辱为安贫之极致,以种德为诒谋之首务,苟非深明于天人相与之微,有能如
是之忧勤惕厉者乎?东老矣,幸食旧德,以迄于今,绵及曾元,识字读书,皆先人之赐也,谨录一通,俾儿孙朝夕观省,
相与动心忍性,温温惴惴,无忝所生,是则予小子之责也夫。孙岱东百拜谨识,时年七十有三。
此篇誓疏,虽非讲学之文,然惟有此实心,斯有实学,则是此心亦吾医所宜亟讲也。云林先生之后,迄今五世矣,
不仅良医代出,抑且书香相继,安知非此存心之报哉?当弁卷首,以志我侪讲学之一证。
大烈识
康熙三十一年壬申年冬至日,王家瓒恭敬地燃起清香,向药皇祷告说:我私下听闻《诗经》中说:“上帝降临在你身边,不要让你的心意有二。”《尚书》中说:“做善事会降下各种福报,做不善的事会降下各种灾殃。”又说:“遵循正道则吉祥,违背正道则凶险,其应验如影随形。”这是历代圣人所留下的明确训诫。像我这样卑微的百姓王家瓒,生不逢时,命运又多坎坷。大概从祖母五十多年来,抚养孤儿、坚守节操,家族血脉单传,延续至今。我的父亲年近八十高龄,母亲已经去世,两个弟弟相继离世,都没有子嗣。我所生的六个儿女,也都因出痘疹而夭折,孤苦危殆到了这种地步,没有一天不在反省自责。只有这疡医(外科医生)的家传职业,我谨守家传规矩,凡是见到他人的痛苦,无论贫富,先怀有悲悯之心,这份耿耿忠心,实在无法完全表达。只是自我揣度,凭借狭隘浅薄的见识,承担救死扶伤的重任,责任重大,哪里能保证完全没有错误?深夜深思,更加增加忧虑恐惧。幸好到了戊辰年,竟然得了儿子,已在己巳年冬天出过痘了。庚午年又得了儿子,今年冬天又出过痘了。王家瓒向着天空叩首,没有办法报答天地的大恩,真诚担心自己在向善方面努力不够,恶行将会聚集,舜帝所说的善恶之分,其间容不得一根头发丝的间隙,我敢发誓许愿,以此作为继承祖先、造福后代的基石。其中首要重视的是,忍受屈辱、安于贫困,终生谨慎遵守,发誓不迎合时俗、夸耀自己;或者遇到濒临死亡的病症,尽心治疗,发誓不顾惜名声、冷漠置之;或者遇到轻微浅表的疾病,及时给予安慰,发誓不张扬显摆功劳;或者病情果然疑难,学识尚未达到,必定详细审察以等待高明的医生,发誓不拖延贻误时机;或者遇到富裕之家,发誓不趁人之危攫取利益;或者遇到贫困之人,尽力救援,发誓不通过施恩来博取名誉;或者遇到有权势的士绅,随缘调理治疗,发誓不谄媚阿谀以玷污祖先的名声。唉!人命极其重要,冥界的报应难以逃脱,拿着医术却误人,昧着良心谋取私利,我都不会去做,如果知道这样做却自己去犯,就是自绝于天道。假如王家瓒被世俗名利扰乱心神,起初和最终改变志向,阳间的谴责和阴间的诛罚交加,我也绝不后悔,神明在上,请明察秋鉴。只是力量有所达不到,情感有所不忍心,亲眼目睹贫病无告、连烟火都接济不上的家庭,常有不堪忍受的惨状,彻底犹豫徘徊,缺乏点石成金的手段,现在打算在维持生计的薪水和粗布衣服之外,稍微留下余钱,配制各种药物,用来救助贫病之人,哪怕只有一万分之一的希望。还因为母亲的灵柩未能妥善安葬,力不从心,然而让慈母的灵魂安息,这件事也发誓一定要做到。所仰天祈求的是,老父亲长寿且健康安宁,悠闲地度过晚年,两个儿子能够自立自强,以延续列祖的书香门第,以报答张太君(母亲)的苦节,那么我的心愿就满足了。至于个人的荣辱,则王家瓒的命运相数已经注定,不敢妄自祈求,不胜战栗投诚之至。
丙午年秋天,我在诵读《东作阴骘文》颂词完毕后,又命令儿辈在一卷先祖笔迹中,检出先祖父缄斋公的“祷告药皇誓疏”底稿,读起来令人心跳加速、深受感动。呜呼!以慈悲为生命的主脉,以神明为监察的历史记录者,以忍受屈辱为安于贫困的最高境界,以积德行善为留给后代的头等大事,如果不是深刻明白天人相互感应的微妙之处,谁能像这样忧劳勤勉、警惕严厉呢?我已经老了,幸好享受先辈的德泽,延续至今,绵延到曾孙玄孙这一代,识字读书,都是先人的恩赐啊,恭敬地抄录一通,使儿孙们早晚观看反省,共同触动心灵、磨练性情,温和而戒慎恐惧,不辜负父母的生育之恩,这就是我这个晚辈的责任啊。孙岱东百拜恭敬记述,当时年龄七十三岁。
这篇誓疏,虽然不是讲学的文章,但是只有具备这种实心(真诚的心),才有实学(真正的学问),所以这颗心也是医者所应当急切讲求的。云林先生(指王家的先祖或相关名医)的后代,到现在已经有五世了,不仅是良医代代出现,而且书香门第相继不断,怎么知道不是这种存心的回报呢?把它放在卷首,以记录我们讲学的一个证据。
大烈记
On the Winter Solstice day of Ren-Shen in the 31st year of the Kangxi reign, Wang Jiazhan respectfully offered incense and prayed to Yao Huang (Emperor of Medicine) saying: I have heard that the *Book of Songs* states, "The Supreme Deity is present with you; let not your heart be divided." The *Book of Documents* says, "Doing good brings a hundred kinds of blessings; doing evil brings a hundred kinds of calamities." It also says, "Following the right path leads to auspiciousness; following rebellion leads to misfortune, as surely as shadow follows form or sound echoes." These are the clear instructions handed down by past sages. As for me, Wang Jiazhan, a humble commoner, born at an ill-timed moment and plagued by misfortunes, my grandmother has nurtured the orphaned line and upheld integrity for over fifty years, maintaining a single thread of lineage until today. My father is nearing eighty years old, my mother has passed away, my two younger brothers have died successively without heirs. The six children I bore all perished from smallpox (痘殇), leaving me in such isolation and peril that I reflect on myself and blame myself every day. Only this hereditary profession of Yangyi (surgical medicine) do I strictly guard according to family tradition. Whenever I witness suffering, regardless of wealth or poverty, I first harbor compassion. This steadfast heart is difficult to fully express. However, considering my own narrow and shallow understanding, yet bearing the responsibility of life and death, the burden is heavy and the responsibility great; how can there be no errors? Deep contemplation in the clear night only increases my anxiety and fear. Fortunately, in the year Wu-Chen, I finally had a son, who contracted smallpox in the winter of Ji-Si. In Geng-Wu, I had another son, who also contracted smallpox this winter. Wang Jiazhan bows his head to heaven, unable to repay such immense kindness. Sincerely fearing that my efforts to improve may be insufficient and evils may accumulate, I recall the distinction between Shun's virtue and vice, where the gap is narrower than a hair. I dare to vow and wish to establish a foundation for inheriting from ancestors and benefiting descendants. The primary emphasis is on enduring humiliation and being content with poverty, scrupulously observing this throughout life, vowing not to follow trends or boast; or when encountering critical conditions, treating them with utmost care, vowing not to neglect patients due to concern for reputation; or when encountering mild illnesses, providing timely comfort, vowing not to exaggerate achievements; or if the disease is indeed difficult and my knowledge is insufficient, carefully examining it while waiting for superior expertise, vowing not to delay and cause harm; or when encountering wealthy families, vowing not to exploit their disaster for profit; or when encountering poor people, rescuing them according to my ability, vowing not to buy gratitude or gain fame; or when dealing with local gentry, treating them according to circumstances, vowing not to flatter and defile my ancestors' names. Alas! Human life is extremely precious, and karmic retribution is inescapable. To practice medicine and harm others, or to act against conscience for profit, I will never do so. If I know this but commit it anyway, I am severing myself from Heaven. If Wang Jiazhan is entangled by worldly desires and changes his principles from beginning to end, facing both heavenly condemnation and divine punishment, he will not repent. May the deities above observe clearly. However, since strength sometimes falls short and feelings cannot bear to see, witnessing families in extreme poverty and illness, unable to sustain even basic firewood and rice, often facing unbearable tragedies, I hesitate deeply but lack the means to turn stone into gold. Therefore, I plan to set aside some funds beyond what is needed for daily expenses and clothing, to prepare various medicinal preparations, to save the lives of the poor and sick, even if only by a ten-thousandth part. Furthermore, because my mother's spirit remains exposed/unburied properly and my strength is inadequate, I vow to ensure the peace of my mother's soul, as this matter must be accomplished. What I humbly pray for is that my elderly father enjoys longevity, health, and peace, leisurely enjoying his twilight years; that my two sons stand firm and independent, continuing the scholarly heritage of our ancestors and repaying the bitter chastity of Lady Zhang (my mother). Then my wishes as a subject/son will be fulfilled. As for personal honor or disgrace, Wang Jiazhan's destiny is already fixed, and I dare not pray presumptuously. With trembling sincerity, I submit.
In the autumn of Bing-Wu, after reciting the ode to the *Dongzuo Yin Zhi Wen* (East Works Merit Text), I ordered my children to search through a volume of ancestral calligraphy and retrieve the draft of my grandfather Jianzhai Gong's "Prayer Vow to Yao Huang." Reading it made my heart pound with emotion. Ah! Taking compassion as the lifeline, taking deities as historians/inspectors, taking endurance of humiliation as the ultimate state of contentment with poverty, and taking accumulating virtue as the primary task for future planning—if one does not deeply understand the subtle interaction between Heaven and humanity, who could be so diligent, anxious, and vigilant? I am now old, fortunately benefiting from the virtue of my predecessors, extending to the present, reaching my great-grandchildren. Learning to read and write is all due to the grace of my ancestors. I respectfully copy this text so that my descendants may observe and reflect upon it morning and evening, stirring their hearts, tempering their nature, remaining gentle yet cautious, not disgracing their origins. This is the duty of this young one. Sun Dai Dong bows respectfully and records this, aged seventy-three.
Although this vow document is not a treatise on academic study, it demonstrates that only with a sincere heart can there be genuine learning. Thus, this mindset is precisely what physicians should urgently cultivate. Five generations have passed since Mr. Yunlin, and not only have excellent doctors emerged generation after generation, but the scholarly tradition has also continued uninterrupted. Who knows if this is not the reward of such a compassionate mind? Placing it at the beginning of the volume serves as evidence of our scholarly discussions.
Da Lie records this.