论曰水分者，以水气上下溢于皮肤，分散四末，发为 肿，盖肾者胃之关，关闭不利，
故聚水而从其类也，此病与血分治疗有先后耳。
治妇人水分肢体肿满不消，因经水不通，宜先去水，后调经血。鳖甲丸方
鳖甲（去裙 醋炙） 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁炒） 苦葫芦（用瓤） 天门冬（去心焙
各一两
粗皮） 葶苈
（切焙） 羚羊角（镑各
上一十六味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如小豆大，每服十丸，至十五丸，食前温水下。日
三服，如一二服内，水通利即减丸数，及间日服。
治妇人水分浮肿不退，经脉不利。葶苈丸方
葶苈（隔纸炒二两） 木香 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 楮根白皮（炙
锉）
锉各三分） 甘
上一十二味，捣罗为末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，空心日午夜卧时，用桑根白皮煎汤，
下二十丸，加至三十丸，取利为度，如水利即减丸数。
治妇人水分肿满不消，经水断绝。大腹皮丸方
连皮大腹（一两半） 防己 泽泻 木香 蓬莪术（煨锉） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒各一两） 槟
榔
上九味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服空心日午夜卧，生姜汤下三十丸，至
四十丸，如减即少服。
治妇人水病肿满，小便涩，经水断绝。猪苓散方
猪苓（去黑皮） 防己（各一两） 桑根白皮（炙锉） 百合 郁李仁（汤浸去皮炒） 瞿
麦穗
上七味，捣罗为末，每服三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至七分，去滓早食前夜卧，各一服，如
疏利即减服。
治妇人水分遍身浮肿，烦闷喘渴，经水不利。黄 散方
黄 （锉） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 木香（各一两半） 草豆蔻（去皮） 桂（去粗皮） 当
归（切
续断 泽泻
上一十三味，捣罗为末，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，入小豆半匙，生姜一块拍碎、煎至七
分，去滓温服，空心日午临卧，各一。
治妇人水气在皮肤浮肿，经水不通。赤茯苓丸方
赤茯苓（去黑皮一两） 猪苓（去黑皮一两半） 泽泻（一两） 小海蛤（一两半） 陈
橘皮（
赤芍药（一
上一十味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，煎桑白皮汤下，日三。
治妇人水病浮肿，因经水断绝，名曰水分。防己饮方
防己（一两） 葶苈（隔纸炒） 赤茯苓（去黑皮各半两） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 玄
参黄
术（锉） 大豆
上一十二味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓空心日午临卧，各一服。
治妇人水分面目身体浮肿，胸满短气，小便不利。芍药汤方
赤芍药（锉炒） 桑根白皮（锉各三分） 木通（锉一两） 百合（三分） 大腹（碎
五枚） 郁
上七味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓空心日午临卧服，水通即止。
治妇人水分四肢浮肿，经水断绝。甘遂丸方
甘遂（微煨一两一分） 葶苈（隔纸炒二两） 黄连（去须） 天门冬（去心焙各一两
半） 苦
上五味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如小豆大，每服十丸，至十五丸，空心温酒下。得水利
即疏服。
治妇人水分先病水肿，日久不消，致经水断绝。木通饮方
木通（锉一两） 桑根白皮（锉） 泽泻 防己 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 石苇（去毛各三
分） 大
上七味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓温服、日三，如水通利。即
疏服。
论曰：所谓“水分”病，是因为水气上下泛滥于皮肤，散布到四肢末端，从而引发浮肿。肾是胃的关口，如果关隘开合不利，就会导致水液积聚并同类相从（即水湿停聚）。此病与“血分”病在治疗上有先后顺序的区别。
治疗妇女患“水分”病，肢体肿胀满闷不消退，因月经不通者，适宜先利水消肿，后调理经血。鳖甲丸方：
鳖甲（去裙边，醋炙）一两，杏仁（汤浸去皮尖，双仁炒）一两，苦葫芦（用瓤）一两，天门冬（去心焙干）一两，粗皮一两，葶苈子（切后焙干）一两，羚羊角（镑片）一两。
以上十六味药，捣碎过筛成细末，炼蜜和丸，如小豆大小。每次服用十丸至十五丸，饭前用温水送服。每日三次。如果在服药一二日内，水液通利，则减少丸数，改为隔日服用。
治疗妇女“水分”病，浮肿不退，经脉不通利。葶苈丸方：
葶苈子（隔纸炒二两），木香，陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙干），枳壳（去瓤麸炒），楮根白皮（炙锉），甘草（炙锉各三分）。
以上十二味药，捣碎过筛成细末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大小。空腹、中午及临卧时，用桑根白皮煎汤，送下二十丸，加量至三十丸，以大便通利为度。如果水湿已利，则减少丸数。
治疗妇女“水分”病，肿满不消退，月经断绝。大腹皮丸方：
连皮大腹皮（一两半），防己，泽泻，木香，蓬莪术（煨后锉碎），枳壳（去瓤麸炒各一两），槟榔。
以上九味药，捣碎过筛成细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大小。每次空腹、中午及临卧时，用生姜汤送下三十丸，至四十丸。如果症状减轻，则少服。
治疗妇女水病，肿满，小便涩滞，月经断绝。猪苓散方：
猪苓（去黑皮），防己（各一两），桑根白皮（炙锉），百合，郁李仁（汤浸去皮炒），瞿麦穗。
以上七味药，捣碎过筛成细末。每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至七分，去渣滓。早食前和临卧时各服一次。如果疏利效果明显，则减少服用次数。
治疗妇女“水分”病，遍身浮肿，烦闷喘渴，月经不利。黄芪散方：
黄芪（锉碎），赤茯苓（去黑皮），木香（各一两半），草豆蔻（去皮），桂（去粗皮），当归（切），续断，泽泻。
以上十三味药，捣碎过筛成细末。每次服用三钱匕，水一盏半，加入小豆半匙，生姜一块拍碎，煎至七分，去渣滓温服。空腹、中午及临卧时各服一次。
治疗妇女水气在皮肤导致浮肿，月经不通。赤茯苓丸方：
赤茯苓（去黑皮一两），猪苓（去黑皮一两半），泽泻（一两），小海蛤（一两半），陈橘皮，赤芍药。
以上十味药，捣碎过筛成细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大小。每次服用二十丸，煎桑白皮汤送下，每日三次。
治疗妇女水病浮肿，因月经断绝所致，名为“水分”。防己饮方：
防己（一两），葶苈子（隔纸炒），赤茯苓（去黑皮各半两），陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙），玄参，黄芩，苍术（锉），大豆卷。
以上十二味药，粗捣筛过。每次服用三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去渣滓。空腹、中午及临卧时各服一次。
治疗妇女“水分”病，面目身体浮肿，胸满短气，小便不利。芍药汤方：
赤芍药（锉炒），桑根白皮（锉各三分），木通（锉一两），百合（三分），大腹皮（碎五枚），郁李仁。
以上七味药，粗捣筛过。每次服用三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去渣滓。空腹、中午及临卧时服用，水液通利后即停止服用。
治疗妇女“水分”病，四肢浮肿，月经断绝。甘遂丸方：
甘遂（微煨一两一分），葶苈子（隔纸炒二两），黄连（去须），天门冬（去心焙各一两半），苦葫芦。
以上五味药，捣碎过筛成细末，炼蜜和丸，如小豆大小。每次服用十丸至十五丸，空腹用温酒送下。得到水液通利的效果后，改为间隔服用。
治疗妇女“水分”病，先患水肿，日久不消，导致月经断绝。木通饮方：
木通（锉一两），桑根白皮（锉），泽泻，防己，赤茯苓（去黑皮），石苇（去毛各三分），大腹皮。
以上七味药，粗捣筛过。每次服用五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去渣滓温服。每日三次。如果水液通利，则改为间隔服用。
Discussion: The condition known as "Water Component" (Shuifen) arises when water qi overflows up and down within the skin, dispersing to the four limbs, resulting in edema. The Kidney serves as the gate of the Stomach; if the opening and closing of this gate are obstructed, water accumulates and follows its kind (i.e., dampness and fluid retention). This disease differs from "Blood Component" (Xuefen) in that there is a specific sequence for treatment.
For women suffering from "Water Component" with limb swelling and fullness that does not subside, caused by amenorrhea, it is appropriate to first promote diuresis to reduce edema, and subsequently regulate the menses.
**Biejia Wan (Turtle Shell Pill)**
*Ingredients:* Bie Jia (Carapax Testudinis, removed skirt, vinegar-fried), Xing Ren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, soaked in water, skin and tip removed, double-kernel fried), Ku Hu Lu (Fruit Momordicae Charantiae, using the pulp), Tian Men Dong (Radix Asparagi, heart removed, roasted), Cu Pi (Cortex Moutan, unspecified amount implied by context or missing text, assumed standard preparation), Ting Li Zi (Semen Lepidii Descurainiae, sliced and roasted), Ling Yang Jiao (Cornu Saigae Tataricae, shaved). [Note: Text mentions 16 flavors but lists fewer explicitly with weights; translating based on provided list].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above sixteen ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of small beans. Take 10 to 15 pills per dose before meals with warm water. Administer three times daily. If urine becomes clear and copious after one or two doses, reduce the number of pills and administer every other day.
**Tingli Wan (Lepidium Seed Pill)**
*Indication:* Women with persistent edema due to "Water Component" and irregular menstruation.
*Ingredients:* Ting Li Zi (Semen Lepidii Descurainiae, stir-fried between papers), Mu Xiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Chen Ju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, soaked in water, white pith removed, roasted), Zhi Qiao (Fructus Aurantii, pith removed, stir-fried with bran), Chu Gen Bai Pi (Cortex Broussonetiae, roasted and chopped), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, roasted and chopped, each 3 fen). [Note: Text mentions 12 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above twelve ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, and formed into pills the size of sophora seeds with refined honey. Take 20 pills, increasing to 30, on an empty stomach, at noon, and before bed, using decoction of Sang Gen Bai Pi (Cortex Mor Radicis) as the vehicle. Stop when bowel movements become loose/watery, then reduce dosage.
**Dafupi Wan (Areca Peel Pill)**
*Indication:* Women with "Water Component" causing swelling and fullness that does not subside, accompanied by amenorrhea.
*Ingredients:* Lian Pi Da Fu Pi (Cortex Arecae Cum Corte), Fang Ji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae), Ze Xie (Rhizoma Alismatis), Mu Xiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Peng E Zhu (Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis, roasted and chopped), Zhi Qiao (Fructus Aurantii, pith removed, stir-fried with bran, each 1 liang), Bing Lang (Semen Arecae). [Note: Text mentions 9 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above nine ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, and formed into pills the size of sophora seeds with refined honey. Take 30 to 40 pills on an empty stomach, at noon, and before bed, using ginger decoction as the vehicle. Reduce dosage if symptoms improve.
**Zhuling San (Polyporus Powder)**
*Indication:* Women with water disease, swelling and fullness, dysuria, and amenorrhea.
*Ingredients:* Zhu Ling (Polyporus), Fang Ji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, each 1 liang), Sang Gen Bai Pi (Cortex Mor Radicis, roasted and chopped), Bai He (Bulbus Lilii), Yu Li Ren (Semen Pruni Persicae, soaked in water, skin removed, fried), Qu Mai Sui (Herba Dianthi). [Note: Text mentions 7 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above seven ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Decoct with one sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain. Take one dose before morning meal and one before bed. Reduce frequency if diuresis is effective.
**Huangqi San (Astragalus Powder)**
*Indication:* Women with "Water Component" causing generalized edema, restlessness, panting, thirst, and irregular menstruation.
*Ingredients:* Huang Qi (Radix Astragali, chopped), Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, black skin removed), Mu Xiang (Radix Aucklandiae, each 1.5 liang), Cao Dou Kou (Fructus Cardamomi, peeled), Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, rough bark removed), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced), Xu Duan (Radix Dipsaci), Ze Xie (Rhizoma Alismatis). [Note: Text mentions 13 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above thirteen ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Decoct with 1.5 sheng of water, add half spoon of adzuki beans, one piece of smashed ginger. Decoct until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take warm. Take on an empty stomach, at noon, and before bed.
**Chifuling Wan (Red Poria Pill)**
*Indication:* Women with edema due to water qi in the skin and amenorrhea.
*Ingredients:* Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, black skin removed, 1 liang), Zhu Ling (Polyporus, black skin removed, 1.5 liang), Ze Xie (Rhizoma Alismatis, 1 liang), Xiao Hai Ge (Concha Meretricis, 1.5 liang), Chen Ju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), Chi Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra). [Note: Text mentions 10 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above ten ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, and formed into pills the size of sophora seeds with refined honey. Take 20 pills per dose, using mulberry root bark decoction as the vehicle. Administer three times daily.
**Fangji Yin (Stephania Decoction)**
*Indication:* Women with edema due to water disease, specifically caused by amenorrhea, termed "Water Component".
*Ingredients:* Fang Ji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, 1 liang), Ting Li Zi (Semen Lepidii Descurainiae, stir-fried between papers), Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, black skin removed, each 0.5 liang), Chen Ju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, soaked in water, white pith removed, roasted), Xuan Shen (Radix Scrophulariae), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Cang Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Lanceatae, chopped), Da Dou Juan (Semen Sojae Preparatum). [Note: Text mentions 12 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above twelve ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Decoct with one sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain. Take on an empty stomach, at noon, and before bed.
**Shaoyao Tang (Peony Decoction)**
*Indication:* Women with "Water Component" causing facial and body edema, chest fullness, shortness of breath, and dysuria.
*Ingredients:* Chi Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, chopped and stir-fried), Sang Gen Bai Pi (Cortex Mor Radicis, chopped, each 3 fen), Mu Tong (Caulis Akebiae, chopped, 1 liang), Bai He (Bulbus Lilii, 3 fen), Da Fu Pi (Cortex Arecae Cum Corte, broken, 5 pieces), Yu Li Ren (Semen Pruni Persicae). [Note: Text mentions 7 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Decoct with one sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain. Take on an empty stomach, at noon, and before bed. Discontinue once urination is patent.
**Gansui Wan (Kansui Pill)**
*Indication:* Women with "Water Component" causing limb edema and amenorrhea.
*Ingredients:* Gansui (Radix Kansui, slightly roasted, 1 liang 1 fen), Ting Li Zi (Semen Lepidii Descurainiae, stir-fried between papers, 2 liang), Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis, stamens removed), Tian Men Dong (Radix Asparagi, heart removed, roasted, each 1.5 liang), Ku Hu Lu (Fruit Momordicae Charantiae). [Note: Text mentions 5 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above five ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, and formed into pills the size of small beans with refined honey. Take 10 to 15 pills per dose on an empty stomach with warm wine. Once diuresis occurs, administer intermittently.
**Mutong Yin (Akebia Decoction)**
*Indication:* Women with "Water Component" where edema preceded and persisted for a long time, leading to amenorrhea.
*Ingredients:* Mu Tong (Caulis Akebiae, chopped, 1 liang), Sang Gen Bai Pi (Cortex Mor Radicis, chopped), Ze Xie (Rhizoma Alismatis), Fang Ji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae), Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, black skin removed), Shi Wei (Folium Pyrrosiae, hair removed, each 3 fen), Da Fu Pi (Cortex Arecae Cum Corte). [Note: Text mentions 7 flavors].
*Preparation & Dosage:* The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 5 qian bi per dose. Decoct with 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 1 sheng. Strain and take warm. Administer three times daily. If diuresis is achieved, switch to intermittent administration.