论曰小儿肠胃嫩弱，饮食易伤。若将养失宜，乳哺不节，致脾胃不能传化水谷之气。故
令乳食宿夕停滞不消。其候腹满壮热，眠寐不安。诊其三部脉俱沉者，乳不消也。
治小儿宿食不消，体热多眠。呕哕气上。消谷丸方
陈曲（炒） 木香 人参 干姜（炮） 麝香（研） 甘草（炙锉） 枳壳（麸炒去瓤）
上七味，各等分。捣研为细末，炼蜜为丸。如黄米大，每服二十丸，温米饮下。
治小儿宿食不消，心腹胀满。呕吐壮热。木香化滞丸方
木香 京三棱（炮） 青橘皮（去白各一两） 补骨脂（二两炒） 黑牵牛（四两炒令
黑罗取
面二两）
上五味，捣罗为末。滴水和丸。如黄米大，每服二十丸，温水下，不计时候。
治小儿宿食不消，腹痛惊啼。牛黄丸方
牛黄（研） 杏仁（去皮尖双仁麸炒研各一分） 巴豆（去皮心出油尽研） 真珠末（研
各一
两） 附子（炮裂去皮脐半两）
上五味，各捣研和匀。炼蜜丸如麻子大。三四岁儿，空心温熟水下两丸，日晚再服，更
量儿大小加减。
治小儿惊热腹胀，宿食不消，积年瘦弱。代赭丸方
代赭（捣研一两） 丹砂（别研） 麝香（别研） 犀角（镑各一分） 大黄（锉炒） 牛
黄（研
各三分） 当归（切焙） 鳖甲（酥炙去裙 ） 巴豆（去皮心出尽油别研） 枳壳（去瓤
麸炒各半
两）
上一十味，捣罗九味为散。入巴豆再同研匀，炼蜜和捣一二百杵，丸如麻子大，二三岁
儿，空腹熟水下二丸，四五岁儿以上，量大小加之。
治小儿不生肌肤，腹大食不消化。芍药丸方
芍药 大黄（锉炒各一两一分） 桂（去粗皮） 赤茯苓（去黑皮各三分） 柴胡（去
苗一两）
上五味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和捣三二百杵，丸如麻子大。五六岁儿，空腹米饮下三丸，日
晚再服，量儿大小加减。
治小儿宿食不消，心腹胀满。止痰逆，利胸膈，进乳食。犀角丸方
犀角（镑） 青橘皮（去白焙） 京三棱（炮锉） 木香（各半两） 巴豆（去心膜出
油尽取霜
抄半钱） 皂荚（三挺不 大者锉炭火内烧烟绝为度净水内蘸去火毒） 黑牵牛（炒二两）
上七味，捣六味为细末，与巴豆研匀，面糊丸如麻子大，每服七丸至十丸。食后生姜橘
皮汤下，量儿大小加减。
治小儿乳食不消。紫霜丸方
代赭（二两捣末） 杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒研一钱一字） 巴豆（七枚去皮心膜出油尽研）
上三味，再研匀细，水浸炊饼和丸。如黄米大，每服三丸，温米饮下，量儿大小加减。
治小儿宿滞不消，止吐逆。利关膈，温脾胃，进乳食，定心腹痛。小丁香丸方
丁香（四十九枚） 肉豆蔻（大者一枚去壳） 五灵脂（不夹石者二钱） 木香（一钱
半） 巴
豆（去皮膜研出尽油为霜抄一字）
上五味，将前四味捣为细末。后入巴豆霜令匀，滴水丸如芥子大，每服量儿大小加减。
五七丸至十丸，煎桃叶汤下，不拘时。
治小儿乳食不化，腹急气逆。顺气丸方
巴豆（十粒去皮分作二十片） 胡椒（二十粒） 丁香（二十粒） 青橘皮（二十枚全
者汤浸
去白每枚入巴豆半粒胡椒丁香各一粒用线缠之）
上四味，用米醋一升煮，俟醋尽取出。焙干为末，烂饭丸如粟米大，每服二丸，米饮下
，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿胃虚，宿食不消。人参汤方
人参 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 白术 半夏（各半两汤浸过生姜汁炒干） 甘草（炙一分）
上五味，粗捣筛。每服二钱匕，水一盏，生姜二片，煎至五分，去滓温服。不计时候，
日三，量儿大小加减。
治小儿脾胃气弱，乳食迟化，宿昔成积，久而不消。香朴散方
浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙锉一两） 木香 麦 （炒） 陈曲（炒） 青橘皮（去白焙） 陈
橘皮
（去白焙各一分）
上六味，捣罗为细散，每服半钱匕，汤调下。
论述说：小儿的肠胃娇嫩虚弱，饮食容易受到损伤。如果喂养不当，哺乳没有节制，导致脾胃不能正常传输和化生水谷的精气。因此使得乳汁和食物在隔夜后停滞不消。其症状表现为腹部胀满、高热、睡眠不安。诊察其寸关尺三部脉象都沉伏的，是乳食不消化。
治疗小儿宿食不消，身体发热且嗜睡，呕吐呃逆气机上冲的消谷丸方：
陈曲（炒制） 木香 人参 干姜（炮制） 麝香（研细） 甘草（炙烤并锉碎） 枳壳（麸皮炒后去掉瓤）
以上七味药，各取等量。捣碎研成细末，用炼过的蜂蜜制成丸剂。大小如黄米，每次服用二十丸，用温热的米汤送服。
治疗小儿宿食不消，心腹胀满，呕吐伴高热，木香化滞丸方：
木香 京三棱（炮制） 青橘皮（去掉白色部分，各一两） 补骨脂（二两，炒制） 黑牵牛（四两，炒至黑色，筛取面二两）
以上五味药，捣碎过罗成粉末。滴水泛丸。大小如黄米，每次服用二十丸，温水送服，不限时候。
治疗小儿宿食不消，腹痛惊哭啼叫，牛黄丸方：
牛黄（研细） 杏仁（去皮尖及双仁，麸皮炒后研细，各一分） 巴豆（去皮心，去尽油后研细） 真珠末（研细，各一两） 附子（炮裂后去皮脐，半两）
以上五味药，分别捣碎研细混合均匀。用炼蜜制成如麻子大小的丸剂。三四岁的幼儿，空腹时用温熟水送服两丸，傍晚再服一次，并根据幼儿体型大小酌情加减剂量。
治疗小儿受惊发热、腹部胀满，宿食不消，积年消瘦体弱，代赭丸方：
代赭石（捣研，一两） 丹砂（单独研细） 麝香（单独研细） 犀角（镑片，各一分） 大黄（锉碎炒制） 牛黄（研细，各三分） 当归（切片焙干） 鳖甲（酥炙后去掉裙边） 巴豆（去皮心，去尽油，单独研细） 枳壳（去掉瓤，麸皮炒，各半两）
以上十味药，将除巴豆外的九味药捣碎过罗成散剂。加入巴豆再次共同研匀，用炼蜜调和并捣击一二百下，制成如麻子大小的丸剂。二三岁的幼儿，空腹用熟水送服两丸；四五岁以上的幼儿，根据体型大小增加剂量。
治疗小儿不长肌肉，腹部膨大，食物不消化，芍药丸方：
芍药 大黄（锉碎炒制，各一两一分） 桂枝（去掉粗皮） 赤茯苓（去掉黑皮，各三分） 柴胡（去掉苗，一两）
以上五味药，捣碎过罗成粉末，用炼蜜调和并捣击三二百下，制成如麻子大小的丸剂。五六岁的幼儿，空腹用米饮送服三丸，傍晚再服一次，根据幼儿体型大小酌情加减剂量。
治疗小儿宿食不消，心腹胀满。止住痰逆，通畅胸膈，增进乳食，犀角丸方：
犀角（镑片） 青橘皮（去掉白色部分焙干） 京三棱（炮制锉碎） 木香（各半两） 巴豆（去心膜，去尽油取霜，称取半钱） 皂荚（三挺，大的锉碎，在炭火内烧至烟尽为止，在净水中蘸一下以去除火毒） 黑牵牛（炒制，二两）
以上七味药，将除巴豆外的六味药捣成细末，与巴豆霜研匀，用面糊制成如麻子大小的丸剂，每次服用七丸至十丸。饭后用生姜橘皮汤送服，根据幼儿体型大小酌情加减剂量。
治疗小儿乳食不消化，紫霜丸方：
代赭石（二两，捣成粉末） 杏仁（去皮尖及双仁，炒制后研细，一钱一字） 巴豆（七枚，去皮心膜，去尽油后研细）
以上三味药，再次研匀细，用水浸泡炊饼（一种面食）调和制成丸剂。大小如黄米，每次服用三丸，用温米汤送服，根据幼儿体型大小酌情加减剂量。
治疗小儿宿食停滞不消，止住呕吐逆气。通畅关膈，温暖脾胃，增进乳食，定安心腹疼痛，小丁香丸方：
丁香（四十九枚） 肉豆蔻（大者一枚，去掉壳） 五灵脂（不含石块的，二钱） 木香（一钱半） 巴豆（去皮膜，研出尽油成霜，称取一字）
以上五味药，先将前四味药捣成细末。然后加入巴豆霜令其均匀，滴水制成如芥菜籽大小的丸剂，每次根据幼儿体型大小酌情加减剂量。五到七丸至十丸，煎桃叶汤送服，不限时候。
治疗小儿乳食不化，腹部急迫气机上逆，顺气丸方：
巴豆（十粒，去皮分成二十片） 胡椒（二十粒） 丁香（二十粒） 青橘皮（二十枚完整的，用汤浸泡后去掉白色部分，每枚放入半粒巴豆、一粒胡椒、一粒丁香，用线缠绕固定）
以上四味药，用一升米醋煮，等到醋完全蒸发后取出。焙干后研成粉末，用烂饭制成如粟米大小的丸剂，每次服用两丸，用米饮送服，并根据幼儿体型大小酌情加减剂量。
治疗小儿胃虚，宿食不消化，人参汤方：
人参 赤茯苓（去掉黑皮） 白术 半夏（各半两，用汤浸泡后，用生姜汁炒干） 甘草（炙烤，一分）
以上五味药，粗捣后筛选。每次服用二钱匕，加水一盏，生姜两片，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，温服。不限时候，每日三次，根据幼儿体型大小酌情加减剂量。
治疗小儿脾胃气弱，乳食消化迟缓，隔宿形成积滞，久而不消，香朴散方：
浓朴（去掉粗皮，用生姜汁炙烤后锉碎，一两） 木香 麦芽（炒制） 陈曲（炒制） 青橘皮（去掉白色部分焙干） 陈橘皮（去掉白色部分焙干，各一分）
以上六味药，捣碎过罗成细散剂，每次服用半钱匕，用开水调服。
Commentary states: The intestines and stomach of infants are tender and weak, making them susceptible to injury from diet. If care is improper or breastfeeding is unregulated, the Spleen and Stomach fail to transport and transform the Qi of food and drink. Consequently, milk and food remain stagnant and undigested overnight. The manifestations include abdominal fullness, high fever, and restless sleep. If the pulse at all three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi) is deep, it indicates indigestion of milk and food.
Xiaogu Wan (Digestive Pill) for treating infantile retention of food with body heat, lethargy, vomiting, belching, and upward rushing of Qi:
Chen Qu (Fermented Wheat Mass, stir-fried), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed), Shexiang (Musk), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried and chopped), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried and pith removed).
These seven ingredients are taken in equal proportions. They are crushed, ground into a fine powder, and formed into pills using refined honey. The pills should be the size of yellow millet grains. Each dose consists of 20 pills, taken with warm rice water.
Muxiang Huazhi Wan (Costus Detumescence Pill) for treating infantile retention of food with epigastric and abdominal distension, vomiting accompanied by high fever:
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Jingsanleng (Curcumae Zedoariae Rhizoma, processed), Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, white pith removed, each 1 liang), Buguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus, 2 liang, fried), Heiqianniu (Pharbitidis Semen Nigrum, 4 liang, fried until black, sifted to obtain flour 2 liang).
These five ingredients are crushed, sieved into powder. Water is added dropwise to form pills. The pills should be the size of yellow millet grains. Each dose consists of 20 pills, taken with warm water, at any time.
Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill) for treating infantile retention of food with abdominal pain and startled crying:
Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, ground), Xingren (Pruni Semen, skin and tip removed, twin kernels removed, bran-fried and ground, each 1 fen), Badou (Crotonis Fructus, skin and heart removed, oil fully expressed and ground), Zhenzhumo (Margarita Pulvis, ground, each 1 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed until cracked, skin and navel removed, 0.5 liang).
These five ingredients are separately crushed, ground, and mixed evenly. They are formed into pills using refined honey, the size of hemp seeds. For children aged three to four years, take 2 pills on an empty stomach with warm cooked water, and another dose in the evening. Dosage should be adjusted according to the child's size.
Daizhe Wan (Hematitum Pill) for treating infantile wind-heat with abdominal distension, retention of food, and chronic emaciation:
Daizhe (Hematitum, crushed and ground, 1 liang), Dansha (Cinnabaris, ground separately), Shexiang (Muscum, ground separately), Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved, each 1 fen), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and fried), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, ground, each 3 fen), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and dried), Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, fried with butter and skirt removed), Badou (Crotonis Fructus, skin and heart removed, oil fully expressed and ground separately), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried, each 0.5 liang).
Of these ten ingredients, nine are crushed and sieved into a powder. Badou is added and ground together until uniform. Refined honey is added, and the mixture is pounded 100-200 times. Pills are formed the size of hemp seeds. For children aged two to three years, take 2 pills on an empty stomach with cooked water. For children aged four to five years and above, adjust the dosage according to their size.
Shaoyao Wan (Paeoniae Radix Alba Pill) for treating infants who fail to gain flesh, have large abdomens, and indigestion:
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and fried, each 1 liang 1 fen), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, bark removed), Chifuling (Poria cum Radix Rubra, black skin removed, each 3 fen), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed, 1 liang).
These five ingredients are crushed, sieved into powder, and formed into pills using refined honey after pounding 300-200 times. The pills should be the size of hemp seeds. For children aged five to six years, take 3 pills on an empty stomach with rice water, and another dose in the evening. Dosage should be adjusted according to the child's size.
Xijiao Wan (Rhinocerotis Cornu Pill) for treating infantile retention of food with epigastric and abdominal distension, stopping phlegm-reversal, benefiting the chest and diaphragm, and promoting milk and food intake:
Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved), Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, white pith removed and dried), Jingsanleng (Curcumae Zedoariae Rhizoma, processed and chopped), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, each 0.5 liang), Badou (Crotonis Fructus, heart and membrane removed, oil fully expressed to obtain frost, 0.5 qian), Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus, three pods; if large, chop and burn in charcoal fire until smoke ceases, then dip in clean water to remove fire toxicity), Heiqianniu (Pharbitidis Semen Nigrum, fried, 2 liang).
Six of these seven ingredients are crushed into a fine powder and mixed evenly with Badou frost. Dough made from flour and water is used to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 7 to 10 pills. Take after meals with decoction of fresh ginger and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Zishuang Wan (Purple Frost Pill) for treating infantile indigestion of milk and food:
Daizhe (Hematitum, 2 liang, crushed into powder), Xingren (Pruni Semen, skin, tip, and twin kernels removed, fried and ground, 1 qian 1 zi), Badou (Crotonis Fructus, 7 grains, skin, heart, and membrane removed, oil fully expressed and ground).
These three ingredients are ground together until fine. Steamed wheat dough soaked in water is used to form pills. The pills should be the size of yellow millet grains. Each dose consists of 3 pills, taken with warm rice water. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Xiaodingxiang Wan (Small Clove Pill) for treating infantile retention of food, stopping vomiting and reflux, benefiting the關膈 (guan-ge, constriction between chest and abdomen), warming the Spleen and Stomach, promoting milk and food intake, and calming heart and abdominal pain:
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, 49 grains), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen, one large grain, shell removed), Wulingzhi (Trogopterori Faeces, free of stones, 2 qian), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, 1.5 qian), Badou (Crotonis Fructus, skin and membrane removed, oil fully expressed to obtain frost, 1 zi).
The first four ingredients are crushed into a fine powder. Badou frost is added and mixed evenly. Water is added dropwise to form pills the size of mustard seeds. Dosage varies by child's size, typically 5 to 7 pills up to 10 pills. Take with decoction of peach leaves, at any time.
Shunqi Wan (Regulating Qi Pill) for treating infantile indigestion of milk and food, abdominal urgency, and rebellious Qi:
Badou (Crotonis Fructus, 10 grains, skin removed and divided into 20 slices), Hujiao (Piperis Longi Fructus, 20 grains), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, 20 grains), Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, 20 whole grains, soaked in hot water, white pith removed; each pod contains half a slice of Badou, one grain of Hujiao, and one grain of Dingxiang, tied with thread).
These four ingredients are boiled in one sheng of rice vinegar until the vinegar is exhausted. Remove, dry by baking, and grind into powder. Form pills using mushy rice, the size of millet grains. Each dose consists of 2 pills, taken with rice water. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) for treating infantile stomach deficiency and retention of food:
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Chifuling (Poria cum Radix Rubra, black skin removed), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, each 0.5 liang, soaked in water and stir-fried with fresh ginger juice until dry), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 1 fen).
These five ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Each dose consists of 2 qian bi, boiled with one zhan of water and two slices of fresh ginger until reduced to 0.5 zhan. Strain and take warm. At any time, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Xiangpo San (Costus and Magnolia Powder) for treating infantile Spleen and Stomach Qi weakness, slow digestion of milk and food, formation of accumulation overnight, and long-standing retention:
Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, rough bark removed, stir-fried with fresh ginger juice and chopped, 1 liang), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, fried), Chenqu (Fermented Wheat Mass, fried), Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, white pith removed and dried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed and dried, each 1 fen).
These six ingredients are crushed and sieved into a fine powder. Each dose consists of 0.5 qian bi, taken with boiling water.