论曰夏伤于暑，秋成 疟，小儿血气壅盛。内挟实热，因犯暑邪。客于皮肤分肉之间。
至秋为风冷所折，阳盛于外，阴长于内。阴阳相搏，发而成疟。先寒后热者，寒疟也。先热
后寒者，温疟也。热而不寒者，瘅疟也。若汗出过多，亡阳而渴，当节其饮。多饮而小便涩，
则变为饮 矣。
治小儿疟发作不定，多渴心烦。乌梅汤方
乌梅肉（炒） 常山（各半两） 甘草（炙三分）
上三味，粗捣筛。每服一钱匕，水一盏，入竹叶五片。小麦三十粒。同煎至四分。去滓
温服，量儿大小加减，不拘时候。
治小儿温疟。常山汤方
常山 淡竹叶（各一两） 小麦（一合）
上三味，粗捣筛。分为四剂，每剂以水二盏。煎至一盏，去滓分温三服，一日令尽，以
瘥为度，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿诸疟。大青汤方
大青 鳖甲（醋炙去裙 ） 赤芍药（各半两） 当归（切焙） 茵陈蒿 麻黄（去节
煎去沫
焙） 猪苓（去黑皮各一分）
上七味，粗捣筛。每服半钱匕，水半盏，煎至三分。去滓温服，日三，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿疟疾，身体壮热憎寒，发作有时。当归汤方
当归（切焙） 赤芍药 鳖甲（醋炙去裙 ） 柴胡（去苗） 大黄（锉炒） 甘草（炙
各一分） 桃仁（去皮尖双仁麸炒半两）
上七味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿，每服半钱匕，水半盏。煎至三分，去滓温服、日三。更量
儿大小加减。
治小儿疟。大黄汤方
大黄（锉炒） 常山（各一分） 桂（去粗皮） 甘草（生各半两）
上四味，粗捣筛。三四岁儿每服半钱匕，以水半盏，煎至三分，去滓未发前温服。吐利
为效，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿疟疾。升麻汤方
升麻 常山 蜀漆 大黄（锉炒） 葳蕤 黄芩（去黑心） 桂（去粗皮各一分） 芒
硝（一
两）
上八味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿每服半钱匕，水半盏，煎至三分，去滓发时温服，吐利为效，
更量儿大小加减。
治小儿疟癖实壮热，头痛欲吐。甘草汤方
甘草（炙） 常山（各一两）
上二味，粗捣筛。三四岁儿每服半钱匕，水半盏，入竹叶十片，同煎至三分，去滓温服，
更量儿大小加减，得吐即止。
治小儿疟发寒热，腹胀下痢，呕逆黄瘦。柴胡汤方
柴胡（去苗一分） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒二枚） 诃黎勒（大者一颗煨取皮用） 黄芩（去
黑心）
甘草（炙锉） 芍药 知母（焙各半两）
上七味，粗捣筛。每服一钱匕，水七分，煎至四分，去滓温服。
治小儿诸疟。蛇蜕散方
蛇蜕（烧灰）
上一味研细，每服半钱或一钱匕，冷水调下。
又方
鹿角（镑一两）
上一味，粗捣筛。每服一钱匕，未发时，水半盏，煎至三分，去滓温服，更量大小加减。
论述说：夏季感受暑邪，到了秋季便形成疟疾。小儿的营卫气血充盛，体内兼夹实热，又因触犯暑邪，邪气客居在皮肤与肌肉的分理之间。
到了秋季，被风冷之气所遏制，导致阳气浮盛于体表，阴气增长于体内。阴阳二气相互搏结，发作而成疟疾。先出现寒战、后发热的，称为寒疟；先发热、后出现寒战的，称为温疟；只发热而不恶寒的，称为瘅疟（但热不寒之疟）。如果出汗过多，导致阳气耗亡而口渴，应当节制饮水。若饮水过多且小便不利，则会转变为水饮病。
治疗小儿疟疾发作时间不固定，多伴有口渴、心烦症状的乌梅汤方：
乌梅肉（炒制）、常山（各半两），甘草（炙制三分）。
以上三味药，粗捣筛碎。每次服用一钱匕，加水一盏，放入竹叶五片、小麦三十粒，共同煎煮至剩余四分之三水量，滤去药渣，温服。根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量，不限定服药时间。
治疗小儿温疟的常山汤方：
常山、淡竹叶（各一两），小麦（一合）。
以上三味药，粗捣筛碎。分为四剂，每剂用水二盏，煎煮至剩余一盏，滤去药渣，分三次温服，一天内服完，以病愈为度，再根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿各种疟疾的大青汤方：
大青、鳖甲（醋炙并去除裙边）、赤芍药（各半两），当归（切后焙干），茵陈蒿，麻黄（去节，煎煮时撇去浮沫后焙干），猪苓（去除黑皮，各一分）。
以上七味药，粗捣筛碎。每次服用半钱匕，加水半盏，煎煮至剩余三分之二水量，滤去药渣，温服，每日三次，再根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿疟疾，身体高热且憎恶寒冷，发作有定时的当归汤方：
当归（切后焙干），赤芍药，鳖甲（醋炙并去除裙边），柴胡（去苗），大黄（锉碎炒制），甘草（炙制，各一分），桃仁（去皮尖，双仁者用麸皮炒制，半两）。
以上七味药，粗捣筛碎。五六岁的儿童，每次服用半钱匕，加水半盏，煎煮至剩余三分之二水量，滤去药渣，温服，每日三次，再根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿疟疾的大黄汤方：
大黄（锉碎炒制）、常山（各一分），桂枝（去除粗皮），甘草（生用，各半两）。
以上四味药，粗捣筛碎。三四岁的儿童，每次服用半钱匕，加水半盏，煎煮至剩余三分之二水量，滤去药渣，在疟疾发作前温服。以出现呕吐或腹泻为见效标志，再根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿疟疾的升麻汤方：
升麻、常山、蜀漆、大黄（锉碎炒制）、葳蕤（玉竹）、黄芩（去除黑心）、桂枝（去除粗皮，各一分），芒硝（一两）。
以上八味药，粗捣筛碎。五六岁的儿童，每次服用半钱匕，加水半盏，煎煮至剩余三分之二水量，滤去药渣，在疟疾发作时温服。以出现呕吐或腹泻为见效标志，再根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿疟疾癖积、实证壮热、头痛欲吐的甘草汤方：
甘草（炙制）、常山（各一两）。
以上两味药，粗捣筛碎。三四岁的儿童，每次服用半钱匕，加水半盏，放入竹叶十片，共同煎煮至剩余三分之二水量，滤去药渣，温服，再根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量，一旦得吐即停止服药。
治疗小儿疟疾发作时寒热交替，伴有腹胀、下痢、呕逆、面色萎黄的柴胡汤方：
柴胡（去苗，一分），枳壳（去瓤，麸皮炒制，二枚），诃黎勒（大者一颗，煨制取皮使用），黄芩（去除黑心），甘草（炙制锉碎），芍药，知母（焙干，各半两）。
以上七味药，粗捣筛碎。每次服用一钱匕，加水七分，煎煮至剩余四分，滤去药渣，温服。
治疗小儿各种疟疾的蛇蜕散方：
蛇蜕（烧成灰）。
以上一味药研细，每次服用半钱或一钱匕，用冷水调服。
另一个方子：
鹿角（镑成薄片，一两）。
以上一味药，粗捣筛碎。每次服用一钱匕，在疟疾未发作时，加水半盏，煎煮至剩余三分之二水量，滤去药渣，温服，再根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减剂量。
Commentary states: Summer injury by summer-heat (Shu, 暑), autumn becomes malaria. Children's blood and qi are congested and abundant. Internally accompanied by excess heat, due to contracting summer-heat pathogen. It lodges between the skin and muscle layers.
By autumn, it is suppressed by wind-cold. Yang is excessive on the exterior, Yin grows within. Yin and Yang contend with each other, manifesting as malaria. Chills first, then fever, this is Cold Malaria (Han Nue, 寒疟). Fever first, then chills, this is Warm Malaria (Wen Nue, 温疟). Fever without chills, this is Dan Malaria (Dan Nue, 瘅疟). If sweating is excessive, leading to loss of Yang and thirst, one should regulate fluid intake. Drinking too much while urination is difficult will transform into Fluid Retention (Yin, 饮).
Treatment for pediatric malaria with irregular onset, often accompanied by thirst and mental restlessness: Wu Mei Tang (Mume Decoction)
Wumei Meat (stir-fried), Changshan (each half tael), Gancao (roasted, three qian).
The above three ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is one qianbi (a small spoonful), with one zhan of water, adding five leaves of Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf) and thirty grains of Xiaomai (Wheat). Simmer together until four parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm. Adjust dosage according to the child's age; time of administration is not restricted.
Treatment for pediatric Warm Malaria: Changshan Tang (Dichroa Decoction)
Changshan, Danyezhu (each one tael), Xiaomai (one he).
The above three ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Divide into four doses. Each dose uses two zhan of water, simmered until one zhan remains. Remove dregs and divide into three warm doses, consumed within one day. Continue until recovery, adjusting dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for various pediatric malaria: Daqing Tang (Qingdao Decoction)
Daqing, Biejia (vinegar-roasted, remove skirt), Chishao Yao (each half tael), Danggui (sliced and roasted), Yinchenshao, Mahuang (remove joints, boil to remove foam, then roast), Zhuling (remove black skin, each one fen).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water, simmered until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria characterized by high fever, aversion to cold, and regular onset: Danggui Tang (Angelica Decoction)
Danggui (sliced and roasted), Chishao Yao, Biejia (vinegar-roasted, remove skirt), Chaihu (remove seedlings), Dahuang (cut and stir-fried), Gancao (roasted, each one fen), Taoren (remove skin and pointed ends, double-kernel ones stir-fried with bran, half tael).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria: Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction)
Dahuang (cut and stir-fried), Changshan (each one fen), Gui (remove rough bark), Gancao (raw, each half tael).
The above four ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged three or four, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm before the onset of malaria. Vomiting or diarrhea indicates efficacy. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria: Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction)
Shengma, Changshan, Shuqi, Dahuang (cut and stir-fried), Weirui, Huangqin (remove black heart), Gui (remove rough bark, each one fen), Mangxiao (one tael).
The above eight ingredients are coarsously crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm at the time of onset. Vomiting or diarrhea indicates efficacy. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria pi accumulation, excess syndrome with high fever, headache, and urge to vomit: Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction)
Gancao (roasted), Changshan (each one tael).
The above two ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged three or four, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water, adding ten pieces of Zhuye. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm. Adjust dosage according to the child's age. Stop once vomiting occurs.
Treatment for pediatric malaria with alternating chills and fever, abdominal distension, dysentery, vomiting, and yellow emaciation: Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction)
Chaihu (remove seedlings, one fen), Zhike (remove pith, stir-fried with bran, two pieces), Helile (large one, baked, use peel), Huangqin (remove black heart), Gancao (roasted and cut), Shaoyao, Zhimu (roasted, each half tael).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is one qianbi, with seven-tenths of a zhan of water. Simmer until four-tenths remain. Remove dregs and take warm.
Treatment for various pediatric malaria: Shetui San (Snake Slough Powder)
Shetui (burned to ash).
The above single ingredient is ground finely. Each dose is half a qianbi or one qianbi, taken mixed with cold water.
Another prescription:
Lujiao (sliced, one tael).
The above single ingredient is coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is one qianbi. Before onset, use half a zhan of water, simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm. Adjust dosage according to size/age.