论曰小儿头皮光而急，发枯作穗，脑热如火，或头上生疮，或腮脸虚肿，身体多汗者
，名曰脑疳。此由在胞胎禀受不足，脑髓虚弱，既生之后，腑脏挟热，乳养不周，上攻脑络
，则头大项细，渐渐羸瘦，肌体常热，发落不生，故谓之脑疳。
治小儿脑疳，头皮光急，发作穗，或有疮痍，或时腮肿，往往损害眼目。升麻丸方
升麻 青黛（研） 龙胆（去苗） 茯神（去木） 大黄（煨锉各半两） 甘草（炙）
黄连（去
上九味，捣研为末，炼蜜和丸，如麻子大，每服三丸至五丸，米饮下，早晨午间日晚各
一，量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿脑疳，头发作穗，头皮光急，或有疮，或时腮颔肿，眼目不明，积渐羸弱。桔梗
汤方
桔梗（锉炒半两） 黄柏（去粗皮炙锉） 大黄（锉炒各一分）
上三味，粗捣筛，每用二钱匕，以水一小盏，入生地黄长二寸拍破，同煎至四分，去滓
分温二服，早晨日晚各一，更量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿脑疳，发干作穗，眼有白膜，鼻头生疮，通脑。丁香散方
丁香 蜗牛壳（去土） 赤小豆（拣） 皂荚（不 者炙令香去黑皮并子各一分）
上四味，捣罗为散，每取小许，以竹筒吹入鼻中，五疳悉用之，病重者出虫，每日两度
用，良。
治小儿脑疳。青黛散方
青黛（研一分） 甘草（炙锉） 地榆（炙锉） 蜗牛子（有肉者麸炒黄去壳各一两） 兰
香根
上九味，捣研为散，每服一字至半钱匕，米饮调下，早晨午间日晚各一服，更量儿大小
，以意加减，亦可以少许吹入鼻中。
治小儿脑疳，鼻痒，头发作穗，面黄羸瘦，益脑吹鼻。地榆散方
地榆（锉） 虾蟆（灰） 干蜗牛壳（去土） 青黛（研） 麝香（研） 石蜜（炒焦
各一分）
上六味，捣罗为散，更研极细，每取少许，吹入鼻中，当有黄水出。
治小儿脑疳，吹鼻。葶苈散方
葶苈（纸上炒香） 漏芦（去芦头） 鹤虱 虾蟆（炙焦） 丹砂（研） 滑石（各一
分） 蟾酥
上七味，捣研为散，每用一字匕，吹入鼻中，嚏即可治。
治小儿脑疳。龙脑丸方
龙脑（研一钱） 牛黄（研一分） 麝香（研一钱） 丹砂（细研水飞一分） 熊胆（研
一钱）
上九味，将八味捣研极细如粉，以水化熊胆和丸，如麻子大，若硬更入糯米饭少许同
丸，每服三丸至五丸，薄荷汤下，早晨午间日晚各一服，更量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿脑疳，发枯作穗，脑热如火，烦热满闷。金蟾丸方
干蟾（一枚去肠肚并骨爪酥炙） 胡黄连 熊胆（研） 蝉蜕（去土） 丹砂（研） 蛇
蜕（烧
土半两）
上一十一味，捣研为细末，烧粟米饭和丸，如黄米大，每服七丸至十丸，米饮下，不拘
时。
治小儿脑疳，头皮光而急，发枯作穗，脑热如火，或头上生疮，或腮脸虚肿。麝香丸方
麝香（研半钱） 胡黄连 芦荟（研各半两） 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 使君子（去壳
各一分）
上五味，捣研为细末，白面糊和丸，如绿豆大，每服七丸，乳食前米饮下，日三。
治小儿脑疳，头发作穗，或头上生疮，或腮脸虚肿，或腹冷久泻。麝香虾蟆丸方
虾蟆（一枚去肠肚烧灰） 诃黎勒（五枚面裹烧熟去面并核） 胡黄连 黄连（去须各
半两）
上九味，捣研为末，水浸炊饼心和丸，如麻子大，二岁儿每服十丸，温粥米饮下，日三
治小儿脑疳脊疳齿疳，诸般疳疾，口生疮。熊胆煎吹鼻方
熊胆（一小指节许） 蚺蛇胆 芦荟 牛黄 麝香 龙脑（各一分）
上六味并细研，以井华水一盏和匀，瓷器盛，于铛中重汤煮半日，投三五粒粳米。以米
烂为度，仍频搅勿令干，干即添水，候煎成放冷，令小儿及乳母慎口七日，取四豆许，徐徐
吹入鼻中，及涂口疮，两日即停一日，候儿发变青。即止。
治小儿脑疳，头皮光，发枯作穗，脑热头疮，多汗肌瘦。牛黄丸方
牛黄（研） 大青 黄连（去须） 天麻（各一分） 丹砂（滴水研半分）
上五味，捣研为末，酒煮面糊和丸，如麻子大，每服三丸，热水下，不拘时候。
论述说：小儿头皮光亮且紧绷，头发干枯结成穗状，脑部发热如火烧，或者头上生疮，或者腮帮和脸部虚肿，身体多汗的，称为脑疳。这是由于在母胎中禀受不足，导致脑髓虚弱，出生后脏腑蕴热，乳养照顾不周，热气上攻脑络，就会造成头大颈细，逐渐消瘦，肌肤体表经常发热，头发脱落不再生长，所以称之为脑疳。
治疗小儿脑疳，表现为头皮光亮紧绷，头发结成穗状，或者有疮痍，有时腮部肿胀，往往损害眼目。升麻丸方：
升麻、青黛（研碎）、龙胆（去苗）、茯神（去木心）、大黄（煨制锉碎各半两）、甘草（炙）、黄连（去须）。
以上九味药，捣碎研成粉末，用炼蜜调和做成丸剂，如麻子大小，每次服用三丸至五丸，米汤送下，早晨、中午、晚上各一次，根据患儿年龄大小，酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿脑疳，头发结成穗状，头皮光亮紧绷，或者有疮，有时腮部和下巴肿胀，眼睛不明亮，逐渐变得瘦弱。桔梗汤方：
桔梗（锉碎炒制半两）、黄柏（去粗皮炙制锉碎）、大黄（锉碎炒制各一分）。
以上三味药，粗捣筛过，每次取二钱匕，用水一小盏，加入长两寸的生地黄拍破，一同煎煮至剩余四分之一的药液，滤去药渣，分两次温服，早晨和晚上各一次，再根据患儿年龄大小，酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿脑疳，头发干枯结成穗状，眼睛有白膜，鼻头生疮，病气通连脑部。丁香散方：
丁香、蜗牛壳（去土）、赤小豆（拣选）、皂荚（无蛀坏的炙至香，去黑皮及种子各一分）。
以上四味药，捣碎过筛成为散剂，每次取少量，用竹筒吹入鼻中，五种疳疾都适用此法，病情重的会排出虫体，每天使用两次，效果良好。
治疗小儿脑疳。青黛散方：
青黛（研碎一分）、甘草（炙制锉碎）、地榆（炙制锉碎）、蜗牛子（有肉的用麦麸炒黄，去壳各一两）、兰香草根。
以上九味药，捣碎研成散剂，每次服用一字至半钱匕，米汤调服，早晨、中午、晚上各一次，再根据患儿年龄大小，酌情增减剂量，也可以取少许吹入鼻中。
治疗小儿脑疳，鼻痒，头发结成穗状，面色黄而瘦弱，益脑吹鼻方。地榆散方：
地榆（锉碎）、虾蟆（烧灰）、干蜗牛壳（去土）、青黛（研碎）、麝香（研碎）、石蜜（炒焦各一分）。
以上六味药，捣碎过筛成为散剂，再研磨至极细，每次取少许，吹入鼻中，应当会有黄水流出。
治疗小儿脑疳，吹鼻方。葶苈散方：
葶苈（纸上炒香）、漏芦（去芦头）、鹤虱、虾蟆（炙焦）、丹砂（研碎）、滑石（各一分）、蟾酥。
以上七味药，捣碎研成散剂，每次取一字匕，吹入鼻中，引起喷嚏即可见效。
治疗小儿脑疳。龙脑丸方：
龙脑（研碎一钱）、牛黄（研碎一分）、麝香（研碎一钱）、丹砂（细研水飞一分）、熊胆（研碎一钱）。
以上九味药（注：原文此处列五味，言九味，疑有脱漏或统称），将八味药捣碎研磨极细如粉，用水化开熊胆调和做丸，如麻子大小，如果太硬可加入少许糯米饭同丸，每次服用三丸至五丸，薄荷汤送下，早晨、中午、晚上各一次，再根据患儿年龄大小，酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿脑疳，头发干枯结成穗状，脑部发热如火，烦热满闷。金蟾丸方：
干蟾（一枚，去肠肚及骨爪，用酥炙制）、胡黄连、熊胆（研碎）、蝉蜕（去土）、丹砂（研碎）、蛇蜕（烧灰）、土半两（注：原文此处“土”字疑似衍文或指代某种辅料，依原文保留）。
以上十一味药，捣碎研磨成细末，用烧熟的粟米饭调和做丸，如黄米大小，每次服用七丸至十丸，米汤送下，不拘时间。
治疗小儿脑疳，头皮光亮且紧绷，头发干枯结成穗状，脑部发热如火，或者头上生疮，或者腮帮和脸部虚肿。麝香丸方：
麝香（研碎半钱）、胡黄连、芦荟（研碎各半两）、青橘皮（汤浸去白焙干）、使君子（去壳各一分）。
以上五味药，捣碎研磨成细末，用白面糊调和做丸，如绿豆大小，每次服用七丸，在吃奶吃饭前用米汤送下，每天三次。
治疗小儿脑疳，头发结成穗状，或者头上生疮，或者腮帮和脸部虚肿，或者腹部冷久泻。麝香虾蟆丸方：
虾蟆（一枚，去肠肚烧灰）、诃黎勒（五枚，用面裹住烧熟，去面及核）、胡黄连、黄连（去须各半两）。
以上九味药，捣碎研成粉末，用水浸泡过的炊饼心和丸，如麻子大小，两岁儿童每次服用十丸，温粥或米汤送下，每天三次。
治疗小儿脑疳、脊疳、齿疳，各种疳疾，口内生疮。熊胆煎吹鼻方：
熊胆（约一小指节许）、蚺蛇胆、芦荟、牛黄、麝香、龙脑（各一分）。
以上六味药全部细研，用一盏井华水和匀，盛于瓷器中，放在锅中隔水蒸煮半天，投入三五粒粳米。以米粒烂熟为度，期间频繁搅拌不要让它变干，干了就加水，等到煎成冷却后，让小儿及乳母严格忌口七天，取四颗豆子大小的药量，慢慢吹入鼻中，以及涂抹口疮，每两天停一天，等到小儿头发变青时，即停止使用。
治疗小儿脑疳，头皮光亮，头发干枯结成穗状，脑部发热头疮，多汗肌瘦。牛黄丸方：
牛黄（研碎）、大青、黄连（去须）、天麻（各一分）、丹砂（滴水研半分）。
以上五味药，捣碎研成粉末，用酒煮面糊调和做丸，如麻子大小，每次服用三丸，热水送下，不拘时候。
Discourse states: When a child's scalp is smooth and tight, hair is dry and matted into tufts, the brain feels hot as if on fire, or sores appear on the head, or the cheeks and face are puffy and swollen, and the body sweats excessively, this condition is named "Nao Gan" (Brain Malnutrition). This arises from insufficient endowment during gestation, leading to weakness of the brain marrow. After birth, internal organs harbor heat, and improper nursing care allows pathogenic heat to attack the brain collaterals upwards. Consequently, the head becomes large while the neck remains thin, the child gradually emaciates, the skin and muscles remain constantly warm, hair falls out and fails to regrow; thus it is called Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition).
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) presenting with a smooth and tight scalp, hair matted into tufts, sores or ulcers, occasional swelling of the cheeks, which often damages the eyes: Shengma Wan (Cimicifugae Pill) Formula.
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, ground), Longdan (Radix Gentianae, stems removed), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, heartwood removed), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, baked and crushed, each 0.5 liang), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis, stamens removed).
The above nine ingredients are pounded and ground into powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 3 to 5 pills, taken with rice water, once in the morning, at noon, and in the evening. Dosage should be adjusted according to the child's age and condition.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) with hair matted into tufts, smooth and tight scalp, sores, occasional swelling of the cheeks and jaw, unclear vision, and gradual emaciation: Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) Formula.
Jiegeng (Radix Platycodonis, crushed and stir-baked, 0.5 liang), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri, bark removed, fried and crushed), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, crushed and stir-baked, each 1 fen).
The above three ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Use 2 qianbi per dose, add one small cup of water and two cun long pieces of Shengdihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, crushed), decoct together until only one-fourth remains. Strain and divide into two warm doses, taken in the morning and evening. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) with dry hair matted into tufts, white membrane over the eyes, sores on the nose tip, and pathology connecting to the brain: Dingxiang San (Caryophylli Powder) Formula.
Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli), Woniu Ke (Shell of Cochlicopa, soil removed), Chixiaodou (Semina Phaseoli Angularis, selected), Zaojiao (Fructus Gleditsiae Sinensis, non-moth-eaten ones fried until fragrant, black skin and seeds removed, each 1 fen).
The above four ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. Take a small amount and blow it into the nasal cavity using a bamboo tube. This method applies to all five types of Gan disorders. For severe cases where parasites are expelled, use twice daily for good results.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition): Qingdai San (Indigo Naturalis Powder) Formula.
Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, ground, 1 fen), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, fried and crushed), Diyü (Radix Sanguisorbae, fried and crushed), Woniu Zi (Body of Cochlicopa, those with flesh fried with bran until yellow, shells removed, each 1 liang), Lanxianggen (Radix Costi).
The above nine ingredients are pounded and ground into powder. Each dose is 1 zi to half a qianbi, taken with rice water, once in the morning, at noon, and in the evening. Adjust dosage according to the child's age. A small amount may also be blown into the nasal cavity.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) with nasal itching, hair matted into tufts, sallow complexion, and emaciation, benefiting the brain via nasal insufflation: Diyü San (Sanguisorbae Powder) Formula.
Diyü (Radix Sanguisorbae, crushed), Xiamā (Bufo bufo gargarizans, ash), Gan Woniu Ke (Dry shell of Cochlicopa, soil removed), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, ground), Shexiang (Moschus, ground), Shimì (Saccharum officinarum, scorched, each 1 fen).
The above six ingredients are pounded, sifted, and ground extremely fine. Take a small amount and blow it into the nasal cavity; yellow fluid should discharge.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) via nasal insufflation: Tingli San (Descurainiae Powder) Formula.
Tingli (Semen Descurainiae, fried on paper until fragrant), Loulu (Radix Euphorbiae Humifusae, rhizome removed), Heshi (Semen Pedalii), Xiamā (Bufo bufo gargarizans, fried until scorched), Dansha (Cinnabaris, ground), Huashi (Talcum, each 1 fen), Chansu (Secretio Bufonis).
The above seven ingredients are pounded and ground into powder. Use one zi bi per dose, blow into the nasal cavity; inducing sneezes indicates therapeutic effect.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition): Longnao Wan (Borneol Pill) Formula.
Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum, ground, 1 qian), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, ground, 1 fen), Shexiang (Moschus, ground, 1 qian), Dansha (Cinnabaris, finely ground by water levigation, 1 fen), Xiongdan (Fel Ursi, ground, 1 qian).
(Note: Text lists five items but mentions nine/eight; following text instructions). The eight ingredients are pounded and ground extremely fine like powder. Dissolve Xiongdan (Fel Ursi) in water and mix with the powder to form pills the size of hemp seeds. If too hard, add a little glutinous rice paste. Each dose is 3 to 5 pills, taken with Bohe Tang (Mentha Decoction), once in the morning, at noon, and in the evening. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) with dry hair matted into tufts, brain heat like fire, irritability, and chest fullness: Jinchán Wan (Golden Toad Pill) Formula.
Gan Chan (Dry Bufo bufo gargarizans, one piece, intestines, belly, bones, claws removed, fried with su/animal fat), Huhuanglian (Radix Coptidis Chinensis? Note: Usually refers to Picrorhizae Rhizoma, Kuhenlian), Xiongdan (Fel Ursi, ground), Chantui (Periostracum Cicadae, soil removed), Dansha (Cinnabaris, ground), Shetui (Ophichthus skin, burned to ash), Tu Ban Liang (Earth, 0.5 liang - *Note: 'Tu' here likely implies an auxiliary or specific preparation context not fully clear in isolation*).
The above eleven ingredients are pounded and ground into fine powder. Mix with cooked millet rice paste to form pills the size of yellow millet seeds. Each dose is 7 to 10 pills, taken with rice water, at any time.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) with smooth and tight scalp, dry hair matted into tufts, brain heat like fire, sores on the head, or puffy swelling of cheeks and face: Shexiang Wan (Moschus Pill) Formula.
Shexiang (Moschus, ground, half qian), Huhuanglian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma), Lushen (Fructus Aloe, ground, each half liang), Qing Ju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried), Shijunzi (Fructus Quisqualis, shelled, each 1 fen).
The above five ingredients are pounded and ground into fine powder. Mix with wheat flour paste to form pills the size of mung beans. Each dose is 7 pills, taken with rice water before milk or food intake, three times daily.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) with hair matted into tufts, sores on the head, puffy swelling of cheeks and face, or cold abdomen with chronic diarrhea: Shexiang Xiamā Wan (Moschus and Toad Pill) Formula.
Xiamā (Bufo bufo gargarizans, one piece, intestines and belly removed, burned to ash), Helile (Fructus Terminaliae Chebulae, five pieces, wrapped in flour, roasted thoroughly, flour and pits removed), Huhuanglian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis, stamens removed, each half liang).
(Note: Text says nine ingredients but lists four main groups; assuming standard processing counts). The ingredients are pounded and ground into powder. Soak in water, mix with steamed dough (Chuanbing) to form pills the size of hemp seeds. For a two-year-old child, each dose is 10 pills, taken with warm porridge or rice water, three times daily.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition), Ji Gan (Spine Malnutrition), Chi Gan (Teeth Malnutrition), various Gan disorders, and oral sores: Xiongdan Jian Nasal Insufflation Formula.
Xiongdan (Fel Ursi, approx. one small finger joint length), Ran She Dan (Bungarus multicinctus bile), Lushen (Fructus Aloe), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Shexiang (Moschus), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum, each 1 fen).
The above six ingredients are finely ground. Mix with one cup of Jinghua Water (well water drawn at dawn) until uniform. Store in a porcelain vessel and steam over boiling water for half a day. Add 3-5 grains of Jingmi (Japonica Rice). Continue steaming until rice is soft, stirring frequently to prevent drying; add water if necessary. Once cooled, instruct the child and lactating mother to observe dietary restrictions for seven days. Take an amount equivalent to four beans, slowly blow into the nasal cavity, and apply to oral sores. Stop every other day. Discontinue when the child's hair turns greenish-black.
To treat pediatric Nao Gan (Brain Malnutrition) with smooth scalp, dry hair matted into tufts, brain heat and head sores, excessive sweating, and emaciation: Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill) Formula.
Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, ground), Daqing (Lithii Carbonas? Or Radix Isatidis Indigo component? Context suggests Daqing Ye/Folium Isatidis processed product), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis, stamens removed), Tianma (Rhizoma Gastrodiae, each 1 fen), Dansha (Cinnabaris, ground with drop of water, half fen).
The above five ingredients are pounded and ground into powder. Mix with wheat flour paste boiled in wine to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Each dose is 3 pills, taken with hot water, at any time.