论曰温疟之状，内经所谓先伤于风，后伤于寒，其证先热后寒，病以时作是也，盖风为
阳气，寒为阴气，风气先胜，故先热而后寒，得之冬中于风，寒气藏于肾，内至骨髓。至春
阳气大发，邪气不能自出，至夏大暑，脑髓烁，肌肉消，腠理发泄，或有所用力，邪气与汗
俱出，故气从内之外，其法宜先治其阳，后乃治其阴也。
治温疟初发，身热头痛，不可忍，临醒时即寒栗战动。麻黄汤方
麻黄（去根节煎掠去沫焙） 羌活（去芦头） 牡丹（去心） 独活（去芦头） 栀子
（去皮） 柴胡（去苗） 桔梗（锉炒） 升麻 荆芥穗 大黄（锉炒） 半夏（洗去滑焙）
木香 知母（焙） 黄芩（去黑心各半两）
上一十四味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，入生姜二片，同煎取七分，去滓未发时服
治温疟初壮热，后寒战，骨节酸痛，口干烦渴。芦根汤方
芦根（锉一两） 麦门冬（去心焙） 升麻 葛根（锉各三分） 山栀子（去皮半两） 石
膏（一两）
上六味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入竹叶十片，煎取一盏，去滓温服，未发前
连三服。
治温疟骨节疼痛，时呕，朝发暮解，暮发朝解。知母汤方
知母（焙干三分），甘草（炙锉一两） 石膏（碎三两） 粳米（一合） 桂（去粗皮
半两）
上五味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎取一盏，去滓温服，未发前不拘时候。
治温疟壮热憎寒，不能食。地骨皮汤方
地骨皮 知母（锉焙各三分） 鳖甲（去裙 醋浸炙黄） 常山（锉各半两） 石膏（碎
一两）
上五味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入竹叶十片，煎至一盏去滓，未发前温服。
治温疟寒少热多。冬瓜汤方
常山（细锉一两） 甘草（炙锉半两）
上二味。粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，用冬瓜汁一盏，煎七分放温，未发前服。
治温疟。常山汤方
常山（锉半两） 鳖甲（去裙 醋浸炙黄） 甘草（生锉各一两） 车前草（一握切或
用子三合）
上四味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，用浆水一盏，浸药一宿，当发前一日，以急火煎取七分
，去滓温服。
治温疟热渴体痛。松萝汤方
松萝（半两） 乌梅肉（炒） 栀子（去皮） 鳖甲（去裙 醋浸炙黄各半两） 升麻
（三分）
上五味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，入茶末半钱匕，煎至七分去滓，未发前空服温
服。
治温疟。常山丸方
常山（锉） 乌梅肉（炒） 豉（炒） 天灵盖（酥炙黄各三分） 丹砂（研） 知母
（切焙） 蜀漆（各半两）
上七味。捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每日空腹以温酒下二十丸，渐加至三十丸，
日三，并未发前服。
治温疟壮热微寒。常山饮方
常山（锉半两） 淡竹叶（锉一握） 小麦（一合）
上三味。以水三盏渍药一宿，明旦煎取二盏去滓，未发前逐旋温服。
治温疟日渐羸瘦，欲成骨蒸。常山汤方
常山（锉） 猴骨（炙黄各三分） 乌梅肉（炒） 甘草（炙锉各半两） 车前叶（一
握） 天灵盖（烧作灰一
上六味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分去滓，疟未发前温服，微吐为效。
论述说：温疟的症状，正如《内经》所说，先受风邪侵袭，后受寒邪侵袭，其证候表现为先发热后发冷，疾病按时发作。这是因为风属于阳气，寒属于阴气，风气先胜，所以先热而后寒。这种病是在冬天感受了风邪，寒气潜伏在肾脏，深入至骨髓。到了春天，阳气大发，邪气不能自行排出；到了夏天大暑之时，脑髓被灼烧，肌肉消瘦，腠理开泄，或者因为用力劳作，邪气随着汗液一起排出，所以气从体内向外发散。治疗法则应当先治其阳分，然后再治其阴分。
治疗温疟初发，身体发热头痛，疼痛难以忍受，刚醒时即出现寒战发抖。麻黄汤方：
麻黄（去除根和节，煎煮时撇去浮沫，焙干） 羌活（去除芦头） 牡丹（去除心） 独活（去除芦头） 栀子（去除皮） 柴胡（去除苗） 桔梗（切碎炒制） 升麻 荆芥穗 大黄（切碎炒制） 半夏（洗去滑腻，焙干） 木香 知母（焙干） 黄芩（去除黑心，各半两）
以上十四味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，加入生姜两片，同煎取七分，去渣滓，在发作前服用。
治疗温疟初起壮热，随后寒战，骨节酸痛，口干烦渴。芦根汤方：
芦根（切碎一两） 麦门冬（去除心，焙干） 升麻 葛根（切碎，各三分） 山栀子（去除皮，半两） 石膏（一两）
以上六味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，加入竹叶十片，煎取一盏，去渣滓温服，在发作前连续服用三次。
治疗温疟骨节疼痛，时常呕吐，早晨发作傍晚缓解，傍晚发作早晨缓解。知母汤方：
知母（焙干三分），甘草（炙烤后切碎一两） 石膏（打碎三两） 粳米（一合） 桂（去除粗皮，半两）
以上五味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，煎取一盏，去渣滓温服，在发作前不拘泥于具体时间。
治疗温疟壮热恶寒，不能进食。地骨皮汤方：
地骨皮 知母（切碎焙干，各三分） 鳖甲（去除裙边，醋浸后炙至黄色） 常山（切碎，各半两） 石膏（打碎一两）
以上五味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，加入竹叶十片，煎至一盏，去渣滓，在发作前温服。
治疗温疟寒少热多。冬瓜汤方：
常山（细切一两） 甘草（炙烤后切碎，半两）
以上二味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用二钱匕，用冬瓜汁一盏，煎取七分放温，在发作前服用。
治疗温疟。常山汤方：
常山（切碎半两） 鳖甲（去除裙边，醋浸后炙至黄色） 甘草（生切，各一两） 车前草（一把切碎，或用子三合）
以上四味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用三钱匕，用浆水一盏，浸泡药物一夜，在发作前一天，用急火煎取七分，去渣滓温服。
治疗温疟热渴体痛。松萝汤方：
松萝（半两） 乌梅肉（炒） 栀子（去除皮） 鳖甲（去除裙边，醋浸后炙至黄色，各半两） 升麻（三分）
以上五味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，加入茶末半钱匕，煎至七分去渣滓，在发作前空腹温服。
治疗温疟。常山丸方：
常山（切碎） 乌梅肉（炒） 豉（炒） 天灵盖（酥炙至黄色，各三分） 丹砂（研细） 知母（切后焙干） 蜀漆（各半两）
以上七味药。捣碎过筛成粉末，炼蜜调和做成丸药，如梧桐子大小，每日空腹用温酒送下二十丸，逐渐加至三十丸，每日三次，均在未发作前服用。
治疗温疟壮热微寒。常山饮方：
常山（切碎半两） 淡竹叶（切碎一把） 小麦（一合）
以上三味药。用水三盏浸泡药物一夜，第二天早上煎取二盏，去渣滓，在发作前逐一温服。
治疗温疟日渐消瘦，欲形成骨蒸劳热。常山汤方：
常山（切碎） 猴骨（炙黄，各三分） 乌梅肉（炒） 甘草（炙烤后切碎，各半两） 车前叶（一把） 天灵盖（烧成灰，[此处原文似有缺漏，依上下文推断为剂量或处理]）
以上六味药。粗捣筛碎，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至七分去渣滓，在疟疾未发作前温服，微微吐出来为有效。
It is stated that the manifestations of warm malaria (Wen Nue) are as described in the *Neijing* (Classic of Internal Medicine): first injured by wind, then by cold; the symptoms present with fever preceding chills, and the illness occurs at regular intervals. This is because wind belongs to Yang qi, while cold belongs to Yin qi. Since the pathogenic wind prevails first, fever precedes chills. This condition arises from contracting wind during winter; the cold qi hides in the Kidney, penetrating inward to the bone marrow. When spring arrives and Yang qi flourishes vigorously, the pathogenic qi cannot expel itself. By summer, during intense heat, the brain marrow is scorched, muscles waste away, and the interstices (Cou Li) open and sweat. If physical exertion occurs, the pathogenic qi exits together with sweat. Thus, the qi moves from the interior to the exterior. The therapeutic method should first treat the Yang aspect, and subsequently treat the Yin aspect.
For the initial onset of warm malaria, characterized by severe body heat and headache intolerable, followed by shivering and trembling upon waking: Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction).
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed, boiled to remove foam, dried); Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, rhizome head removed); Mudan (Moutan Cortex, heart removed); Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, rhizome head removed); Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, skin removed); Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, sprouts removed); Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, sliced and stir-fried); Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma); Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica); Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, sliced and stir-fried); Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, washed to remove slipperiness, dried); Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix); Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, dried); Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed, each half liang).
These fourteen ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of three qianbi (approx. 9-10g), decocted with one sheng (approx. 200ml) of water and two slices of fresh ginger until reduced to seven-tenths. Strain and administer before the paroxysm.
For warm malaria initially presenting with high fever, followed by chills, soreness and pain in bone joints, dry mouth, and irritability with thirst: Lugen Tang (Phragmitis Rhizoma Decoction).
Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma, sliced, one liang); Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, heart removed, dried); Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma); Gegen (Puerariae Radix, sliced, each three fen); Shanzhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, skin removed, half liang); Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, one liang).
These six ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of five qianbi, decocted with one and a half sheng of water and ten leaves of Zhuye (Bambulae Folium) until reduced to one sheng. Strain and take warm. Administer continuously for three doses before the onset.
For warm malaria with bone joint pain, occasional vomiting, morning onset with evening resolution, or evening onset with morning resolution: Zhimu Tang (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma Decoction).
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, dried and roasted, three fen); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried and sliced, one liang); Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed, three liang); Jingshi (Oryzae Semen, one ge); Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, coarse bark removed, half liang).
These five ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of five qianbi, decocted with one and a half sheng of water until reduced to one sheng. Strain and take warm. Administer before the onset, without restriction on specific timing.
For warm malaria with high fever, aversion to cold, and anorexia: Digupi Tang (Bark of Ground Bone Decoction).
Digupi (Lycei Cortex, root bark); Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, sliced and dried, each three fen); Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, skirt removed, vinegar-soaked and roasted until yellow); Changshan (Dichroae Radix, sliced, each half liang); Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed, one liang).
These five ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of five qianbi, decocted with one and a half sheng of water and ten leaves of Zhuye (Bambulae Folium) until reduced to one sheng. Strain and take warm before the onset.
For warm malaria with less chills and more heat: Donggua Tang (Winter Melon Decoction).
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, finely sliced, one liang); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried and sliced, half liang).
These two ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of two qianbi, decocted with one sheng of Dongguazhi (Winter Melon Juice) until reduced to seven-tenths. Take warm before the onset.
For warm malaria: Changshan Tang (Dichroae Radix Decoction).
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, sliced, half liang); Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, skirt removed, vinegar-soaked and roasted until yellow); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw and sliced, each one liang); Cheqiancao (Plantaginis Herba, one handful cut, or Cheqianzi [Plantaginis Semen], three ge).
These four ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of three qianbi, soaked overnight in one sheng of Jiangshui (Fermented Rice Water). On the day before the expected onset, decoct with rapid fire until reduced to seven-tenths. Strain and take warm.
For warm malaria with heat, thirst, and body pain: Songluo Tang (Usnea Decoction).
Songluo (Usnea, half liang); Wumei Rou (Pruni Mume Carnis, stir-fried); Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, skin removed); Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, skirt removed, vinegar-soaked and roasted until yellow, each half liang); Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, three fen).
These five ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of three qianbi, decocted with one sheng of water and half a qianbi of Cha Mo (Tea Powder) until reduced to seven-tenths. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach before the onset.
For warm malaria: Changshan Wan (Dichroae Radix Pill).
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, sliced); Wumei Rou (Pruni Mume Carnis, stir-fried); Chi (Sojae Semen Preparatum, stir-fried); Tianlinggai (Calvaria Humana, fried with butter until yellow, each three fen); Dansha (Cinnabar, ground); Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, sliced and dried); Shuqi (Radix Dichroae, often referring to young shoots of Dichroa, half liang).
These seven ingredients are pounded into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take twenty pills daily on an empty stomach with warm wine, gradually increasing to thirty pills. Take three times daily, always before the onset.
For warm malaria with high fever and slight chills: Changshan Yin (Dichroae Radix Drink).
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, sliced, half liang); Danzhuye (Lophatheri Herba, sliced, one handful); Xiaomai (Tritici Fructus, one ge).
These three ingredients are soaked in three sheng of water overnight. Decoct the next morning until two sheng remain. Strain and take warm in portions before the onset.
For warm malaria progressing to emaciation, threatening to become Gu Zheng (Bone-steaming consumption): Changshan Tang (Dichroae Radix Decoction).
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, sliced); Hougu (Simiae Os, roasted until yellow, each three fen); Wumei Rou (Pruni Mume Carnis, stir-fried); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried and sliced, each half liang); Cheqianyè (Plantaginis Folium, one handful); Tianlinggai (Calvaria Humana, burnt to ash...).
These six ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of three qianbi, decocted with one sheng of water until reduced to seven-tenths. Strain and take warm before the malaria onset. Mild vomiting indicates efficacy.