论曰目者肝之外候,血之府也,腑脏气虚,不能上注于目,则精华衰弱,又为风邪痰饮
所攻,故使瞻视不明而 也,或见飞蝇黑花者,久成障翳。
治目视 ,见物不审,及泪出者。兔肝丸方
兔肝(二具炙干) 熟干地黄(焙) 防风(去叉) 白茯苓(去黑皮) 车前子 细
辛(去苗
叶) 蕤仁 柏子仁 菟丝子(酒浸别捣) 枸杞子 芎 (各一两) 五味子 山芋 甘
草(炙
锉各三分)
上一十四味。捣罗为末,炼蜜和丸,如梧桐子大,每服二十丸,加至三十丸,食前酒下
治膈上风热上冲,眼目 不明。车前门冬丸方
车前子 麦门冬(去心焙) 防风(去叉) 枳壳(去瓤麸炒各一两) 生地黄(焙干)
白茯
苓(去黑皮各一两半) 人参 苦参(各三分)
上八味。捣罗为末,炼蜜和丸,如梧桐子大,每服三十丸,食后临卧,粥饮下。
治目视 。驻景丸方
车前子 菟丝子(酒浸别捣) 决明子(微炒) 羚羊角(镑) 防风(去叉各等分)
上五味。捣罗为末,炼蜜和丸,如梧桐子大,每服三十丸,食后临卧,温熟水下。
治目 不明。黄连膏方
黄连(去须一两) 蕤仁 决明子 秦皮(去粗皮各半两)
上四味。捣罗为末,以水八合,煎至三合,以绵滤去滓澄清,点注眼中,日三。
治肝虚寒,目暗 ,视物不明,并生黑花。防风汤方
防风(去叉一两一钱) 芎 甘草(炙锉) 白茯苓(去黑皮) 独活(去芦头) 前
胡(去
芦头各一两) 人参 细辛(去苗叶各三分)
上八味。粗捣筛,每服五钱匕,水一盏半,枣二枚劈,煎至七分,去滓食后温服,日二。
治肝虚寒,目视 。防风汤方
防风(去叉) 芎 白藓皮(各一两) 细辛(去苗叶) 甘草(炙) 独活(去芦
头) 陈橘
皮(汤浸去白焙各半两)
上七味。粗捣筛,每服五钱匕,水一盏半,枣二枚,竹叶十片,煎至八分,去滓下蜜半
匙,再煎沸,食后临卧温服。
治目 ,视物不明。青羊肝散方
青羊肝(一斤薄切去筋膜炙干) 决明子(炒五两) 蓼子(炒一两)
上三味。捣罗为散,每服二钱匕,空心米饮调下。临卧再服。
治目视 ,不能远见。补肝丹砂丸方
丹砂 青羊胆(一枚)
上二味。以丹砂末入羊胆中,垂屋西北角阴干,百日取出,丸如小豆大,每服十丸,食
后临卧,米饮下,日三。
论述说:眼睛是肝脏的外在表现,也是血液汇聚的府库。如果脏腑之气虚弱,不能将精气上注于眼睛,就会导致精华衰弱;再加上风邪、痰饮等病邪的侵袭,从而导致视力模糊不清(视物昏花),或者看到飞动的黑点(如飞蝇般)和黑花,时间久了就会形成白内障(障翳)。
治疗眼睛视物昏花、看东西不清晰,以及流泪的症状。兔肝丸方:
兔肝(两只,烤干)、熟干地黄(焙干)、防风(去除叉状部分)、白茯苓(去掉黑皮)、车前子、细辛(去除苗和叶)、蕤仁、柏子仁、菟丝子(用酒浸泡后单独捣碎)、枸杞子、川芎(各一两)、五味子、山芋(即山药)、甘草(炙过并锉碎,各三分)。
以上十四味药。捣碎过筛成粉末,用炼蜜调和做成丸剂,大小如梧桐子。每次服用二十丸,可增至三十丸,饭前用酒送服。
治疗胸膈部风热上冲导致的眼睛视物昏花不明。车前门冬丸方:
车前子、麦门冬(去心焙干)、防风(去除叉状部分)、枳壳(去瓤麸炒,各一两)、生地黄(焙干)、白茯苓(去黑皮,各一两半)、人参、苦参(各三分)。
以上八味药。捣碎过筛成粉末,用炼蜜调和做成丸剂,大小如梧桐子。每次服用三十丸,饭后及临睡前,用米粥汤送服。
治疗眼睛视物昏花。驻景丸方:
车前子、菟丝子(用酒浸泡后单独捣碎)、决明子(微炒)、羚羊角(镑成片)、防风(去除叉状部分,各等分)。
以上五味药。捣碎过筛成粉末,用炼蜜调和做成丸剂,大小如梧桐子。每次服用三十丸,饭后及临睡前,用温热的熟水送服。
治疗眼睛视物不明。黄连膏方:
黄连(去须,一两)、蕤仁、决明子、秦皮(去粗皮,各半两)。
以上四味药。捣碎过筛成粉末,用水八合,煎煮至三合,用绵布过滤去掉药渣澄清,滴入眼中,每日三次。
治疗肝脏虚寒,导致眼睛昏暗不明,视物不清,并出现黑花。防风汤方:
防风(去叉,一两一钱)、川芎、甘草(炙过锉碎)、白茯苓(去黑皮)、独活(去芦头)、前胡(去芦头,各一两)、人参、细辛(去苗叶,各三分)。
以上八味药。粗捣筛,每次取五钱匕,加水一盏半,劈开大枣两枚,煎煮至七分,去掉药渣,饭后温服,每日两次。
治疗肝脏虚寒,导致眼睛视物昏花。防风汤方:
防风(去叉)、川芎、白鲜皮(各一两)、细辛(去苗叶)、甘草(炙过)、独活(去芦头)、陈皮(用汤浸泡去白焙干,各半两)。
以上七味药。粗捣筛,每次取五钱匕,加水一盏半,大枣两枚,竹叶十片,煎煮至八分,去掉药渣,加入半匙蜂蜜,再次煮沸,饭后及临睡前温服。
治疗眼睛视物昏花,看东西不清晰。青羊肝散方:
青羊肝(一斤,薄切去筋膜烤干)、决明子(炒,五两)、蓼子(炒,一两)。
以上三味药。捣碎过筛成散剂,每次取二钱匕,空腹时用米汤调下。临睡前再服一次。
治疗眼睛视物昏花,不能看清远处。补肝丹砂丸方:
丹砂、青羊胆(一枚)。
以上两味药。将丹砂研末放入羊胆中,悬挂在房屋西北角阴干,一百天后取出,做成如小豆大小的丸剂。每次服用十丸,饭后及临睡前,用米汤送服,每日三次。
Commentary states: The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver (Gan) and the mansion where blood resides. If the qi of the zang-fu organs is deficient and cannot ascend to nourish the eyes, the essence and brilliance will weaken. Furthermore, if attacked by wind pathogens, phlegm, and fluid retention, vision becomes blurred (dim vision), or one may see flying flies or black flowers; over time, this may develop into cataracts (cataractous opacity).
For treating dim vision, unclear sight, and tearing: Rabbit Liver Pill Formula (Tugan Wan):
Rabbit liver (2 pieces, roasted dry), Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang, baked), Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng, remove forked parts), Poria (Baifuling, remove black skin), Plantago Seed (Cheqianzi), Asarum Root (Xixin, remove seedlings and leaves), Prunus Persica Kernel (Ruiren), Biota Seed (Baiziren), Dodder Seed (Tusizi, soaked in wine and pounded separately), Goji Berry (Gouqizi), Szechuan Lovage Rhizome (Chuanxiong, 1 liang each), Schisandra Fruit (Wuweizi), Chinese Yam (Shanyu), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted and crushed, 3 fen each).
The above fourteen ingredients are pounded, sifted into powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, increasing to 30 pills, taken before meals with wine.
For treating dim vision caused by wind-heat rushing upward from the diaphragm: Plantago and Ophiopogon Pill Formula (Cheqian Mendong Wan):
Plantago Seed (Cheqianzi), Ophiopogon Tuber (Mendong, remove heart and bake), Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng, remove forked parts), Aurantium Fruit (Zhike, remove pulp and bran-fried, 1 liang each), Fresh Rehmannia Root (Shengdihuang, baked dry), Poria (Baifuling, remove black skin, 1.5 liang each), Ginseng Root (Renshen), Sophora Root (Kushen, 3 fen each).
The above eight ingredients are pounded, sifted into powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, after meals and before bedtime, taken with millet gruel broth.
For treating dim vision: Zhujing Pill Formula (Zhujing Wan):
Plantago Seed (Cheqianzi), Dodder Seed (Tusizi, soaked in wine and pounded separately), Cassia Seed (Juemingzi, lightly stir-fried), Antelope Horn (Lingyangjiao, shaved into flakes), Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng, remove forked parts, equal parts).
The above five ingredients are pounded, sifted into powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, after meals and before bedtime, taken with warm boiled water.
For treating unclear vision: Coptis Ointment Formula (Huanglian Gao):
Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian, remove roots, 1 liang), Prunus Persica Kernel (Ruiren), Cassia Seed (Juemingzi), Fraxinus Bark (Qinpi, remove rough bark, 0.5 liang each).
The above four ingredients are pounded, sifted into powder. Add 8 he of water, decoct until 3 he remain. Filter through cotton cloth to clarify and remove dregs. Instill into the eyes three times daily.
For treating Liver deficiency-cold, resulting in dim eyes, unclear vision, and appearance of black flowers: Saposhnikovia Decoction Formula (Fangfeng Tang):
Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng, remove forked parts, 1 liang 1 qian), Szechuan Lovage Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted and crushed), Poria (Baifuling, remove black skin), Angelica Pubescens Root (Duhuo, remove rhizome head), Peucedanum Root (Qianhu, remove rhizome head, 1 liang each), Ginseng Root (Renshen), Asarum Root (Xixin, remove seedlings and leaves, 3 fen each).
The above eight ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water and 2 halved Jujubes. Decoct until 7 fen remain, remove dregs, and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Liver deficiency-cold causing dim vision: Saposhnikovia Decoction Formula (Fangfeng Tang):
Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng, remove forked parts), Szechuan Lovage Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Dictamnus Root Bark (Baixianpi, 1 liang each), Asarum Root (Xixin, remove seedlings and leaves), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted), Angelica Pubescens Root (Duhuo, remove rhizome head), Tangerine Peel (Chenpi, soaked in water, white part removed, baked, 0.5 liang each).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, 2 Jujubes, and 10 Bamboo Leaves. Decoct until 8 fen remain, remove dregs, add half a spoonful of honey, boil again, and take warm after meals and before bedtime.
For treating dim vision and unclear sight: Blue Sheep Liver Powder Formula (Qingyanggan San):
Blue Sheep Liver (Qingyanggan, 1 jin, thinly sliced, remove fascia and membranes, roasted dry), Cassia Seed (Juemingzi, stir-fried, 5 liang), Polygonum Seed (Liaozi, stir-fried, 1 liang).
The above three ingredients are pounded, sifted into powder. Take 2 qian bi per dose, mix with rice drink on an empty stomach. Take another dose before bedtime.
For treating dim vision and inability to see far: Liver-Nourishing Cinnabar Pill Formula (Bugan Dansha Wan):
Cinnabar (Dansha), Blue Sheep Gallbladder (Qingyangdan, 1 piece).
The above two ingredients: Mix Cinnabar powder into the sheep gallbladder, hang in the northwest corner of the house to dry in the shade for 100 days. Remove and form into pills the size of small beans. Take 10 pills per dose, after meals and before bedtime, taken with rice drink, three times daily.