论曰灵枢经曰，瞳子黑睛法于阴，白睛赤脉法于阳，阴阳俱转，则精明矣，若阴阳不和
，肝虚血弱，风邪毒瓦斯，乘虚而搏于睛气，故令二气聚生于白睛之上，绕于黑睛之际，水轮
昏浊，黑白不明，是为目晕之候。
治风热乘虚，搏于精气，令目干涩碜痛，兼晕翳。九味犀角汤方
犀角（镑一两半） 栀子仁 木通（锉） 黄芩（去黑心） 大黄（锉炒） 黄连（去
须） 甘草
（炙锉） 芎 （各一两） 车前子（二两）
上九味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，竹叶七片，煎至八分，去滓入朴硝末一钱匕
，食后临卧温服。治肝血不足，风邪乘虚，搏于精气，两目晕翳，疼痛不可忍。芎 丸方
芎 枸杞子 荆芥穗 甘草（炙锉） 苍术（米泔浸一宿切焙各一两） 细辛（去苗
叶）
蝉蜕（洗焙） 石膏（研水飞） 旋复花 菊花羌活（去芦头各半两）
上一十一味。捣研为细末，炼蜜和丸，如弹子大，每服一丸，食后临卧，细嚼茶清下，
日三。
治风邪攻眼，碜痛晕翳。七味犀角汤方
犀角（镑三分） 车前子 栀子仁（各一两） 木通（锉） 黄芩（去黑心） 大黄（锉
炒） 黄
连（去须各半两）
上七味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，竹叶七片，煎至七分，去滓投芒硝末一钱匕
，食后临卧温服。
治肝血不足，虚热生浮翳，晕上黑睛，疼痛碜涩。犀角汤方
乌犀角（镑二两） 黄连（去须） 甘草（炙锉） 秦皮（去粗皮锉） 青竹茹 栀子
仁（各一
两） 大黄（锉炒半两）
上七味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓食后临卧温服。
治眼晕翳，及头目昏疼。芎术丸方
芎 苍术（米泔浸三日竹刀刮去黑皮切焙） 细辛（去苗叶） 蝉蜕（去土） 荆芥
穗菊
花（各一两） 蕤仁（研三分）
上七味。捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如弹子大，每服一丸，细嚼，盐酒盐汤下，不拘时。
治眼暗晕生翳膜，累年不愈，兼干涩痛。点眼雄黄膏方
雄黄（研） 干姜（炮捣末） 黄连（去须捣末） 矾石（烧令汁尽研） 丹砂（研各
一分） 麝
香（研一钱）
上六味。用雪水二盏调和，入瓷瓶子内，重汤煮一日，药成候冷，用绵滤过，点少许于
目头。
治风邪乘虚，令目睛生晕。洗肝散方
蒺藜子（炒去角一两半） 羌活（去芦头） 防风（去叉各半两） 甘草（炙锉一分） 马
牙硝
（研一两）
上五味。捣罗为散，每服二钱匕。食后临卧，温熟水调下。
治眼生翳晕，昏暗隐涩，瘀肉疼痛。还明散方
栗子（一百九十六枚并皮用） 甘草（炙锉） 水蛭（拣细者炒各二两） 虻虫（一
百二十
枚炒去翅足） 白芷 乌梅（去核各五两）
上六味。捣罗为细散，每服一钱匕，食后热酒调下，续更饮酒半盏压之，日三。
治肝虚风邪攻目，目晕瞻视不明。蔓荆散方
蔓荆子（四两洗） 蛇蜕（二两）
上二味。先用瓷罐盛蔓荆子，火烧黑焦无声后钤出，入蛇蜕在内，又轻烧蛇蜕成灰，候
冷细研，每服半钱匕，食后温酒调下。日三。
治眼睛上生晕，不问久新。光明散方
鲤鱼（一头长一尺二寸者取胆用）
上一味刺破，滴汁在铜照上阴干，用竹刀子刮下为细末，每用少许，时时点眼。
治白膜晕赤侵黑睛，遂生翳，横冲瞳仁，成丁翳痛。黄芩汤方
黄芩（去黑心） 黄连（去须） 木通（锉） 柴胡（去苗） 赤芍药（各二两） 地
骨皮 山栀
子仁（各一两半） 葳蕤 大黄（蒸过切炒） 甘草（炙锉各二两半） 石膏（六两半）
上一十一味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎取七分，去滓入朴硝半钱匕，食后良久
温服，日再。
治目晕昏涩，视物不明。芎 散方
芎 地骨皮 何首乌（去黑皮） 荆芥穗 菊花 旋复花 甘草（炙） 石决明（刷
净）
草决明（各一两） 蝉蜕（去土） 青葙子 木贼（各半两） 白芷（一分）
上一十三味。捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，米泔水调下，食后服。
治肝虚血弱，风邪毒瓦斯，乘虚客搏，眼输昏浊，黑白不明，发为目晕。山芋散方
山芋 防风（去叉） 细辛（去苗叶各一两） 山茱萸 蔓荆实（去白皮各三分） 芍
药升
麻（各半两）
上七味。捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，温酒调下。
治风毒客搏，目生翳晕，黑白睛昏浊不明。苍术散方
苍术（半泔浸一宿切焙四两） 木贼（童子小便浸一宿净洗锉焙二两） 甘草（炙一两
半）
旋复花 蝉蜕（去土各一两）
上五味。捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，食后麦门冬熟水调下。
论述说：《灵枢经》记载，瞳子和黑睛（瞳孔及虹膜）对应阴，白眼球和赤脉对应阳。阴阳协调转动，视力才能精明。如果阴阳失调，肝血虚弱，风邪毒气乘虚侵袭并与眼部的精气相搏结，导致二气聚集生成于白睛之上，环绕在黑睛周围，水轮（指黑睛/瞳孔，属肾）昏浊不清，黑白界限不明，这就是目晕的症状表现。
治疗风热乘虚侵袭，与精气相搏，导致眼睛干涩、异物感疼痛，兼有视物模糊和翳膜。九味犀角汤方：
犀角（镑片一两半）、栀子仁、木通（锉碎）、黄芩（去除黑色中心部分）、大黄（锉碎炒制）、黄连（去除须根）、甘草（炙烤后锉碎）、川芎（各一两）、车前子（二两）。
以上九味药。粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，竹叶七片，煎煮至八分满，滤去药渣，加入朴硝末一钱匕，饭后临睡前温服。
治疗肝血不足，风邪乘虚侵袭，与精气相搏，双眼视物模糊且有翳膜，疼痛难忍。川芎丸方：
川芎、枸杞子、荆芥穗、甘草（炙烤后锉碎）、苍术（用米泔水浸泡一夜后切片焙干，各一两）、细辛（去苗叶）、蝉蜕（洗净焙干）、石膏（研细用水飞法处理）、旋覆花、菊花、羌活（去芦头，各半两）。
以上十一味药。捣碎研为细末，用炼蜜调和制成丸药，大小如弹子，每次服用一丸，饭后临睡前，细细咀嚼后用茶清送下，每日三次。
治疗风邪攻袭眼部，产生异物感疼痛、视物模糊和翳膜。七味犀角汤方：
犀角（镑片三分）、车前子、栀子仁（各一两）、木通（锉碎）、黄芩（去除黑色中心部分）、大黄（锉碎炒制）、黄连（去除须根，各半两）。
以上七味药。粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，竹叶七片，煎煮至七分满，滤去药渣，投入芒硝末一钱匕，饭后临睡前温服。
治疗肝血不足，虚热产生浮翳，遮挡黑睛，疼痛且有异物感、干涩。犀角汤方：
乌犀角（镑片二两）、黄连（去须根）、甘草（炙烤后锉碎）、秦皮（去除粗糙外皮锉碎）、青竹茹、栀子仁（各一两）、大黄（锉碎炒制半两）。
以上七味药。粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，煎煮至八分满，滤去药渣，饭后临睡前温服。
治疗眼晕、翳膜，以及头部和眼睛昏沉疼痛。川芎术丸方：
川芎、苍术（用米泔水浸泡三天，用竹刀刮去黑皮后切片焙干）、细辛（去苗叶）、蝉蜕（去土）、荆芥穗、菊花（各一两）、蕤仁（研碎三分）。
以上七味药。捣碎筛选为末，用炼蜜调和制成丸药，大小如弹子，每次服用一丸，细细咀嚼，用盐酒或盐汤送下，不限时间。
治疗眼暗视物模糊生翳膜，多年不愈，兼有干涩疼痛。点眼雄黄膏方：
雄黄（研细）、干姜（炮制捣碎成末）、黄连（去须根捣碎成末）、矾石（烧至汁液流尽后研细）、丹砂（研细，各一分）、麝香（研细一钱）。
以上六味药。用雪水二盏调和，放入瓷瓶内，隔水蒸煮一天，药成后待冷却，用绵布过滤，取少许滴入眼角。
治疗风邪乘虚侵袭，导致眼球生晕。洗肝散方：
蒺藜子（炒去刺，一两半）、羌活（去芦头）、防风（去叉枝，各半两）、甘草（炙烤后锉碎一分）、马牙硝（研细一两）。
以上五味药。捣碎筛选为散剂，每次服用二钱匕。饭后临睡前，用温熟水调服。
治疗眼生翳膜晕影，昏暗隐痛干涩，瘀肉疼痛。还明散方：
栗子（一百九十六枚，带皮使用）、甘草（炙烤后锉碎）、水蛭（挑选细小的炒制，各二两）、虻虫（一百二十枚，炒去翅足）、白芷、乌梅（去核，各五两）。
以上六味药。捣碎筛选为细散剂，每次服用一钱匕，饭后用热酒调服，随后再饮半盏酒以压制药效，每日三次。
治疗肝虚风邪攻目，眼晕且视物不清。蔓荆散方：
蔓荆子（四两，洗净）、蛇蜕（二两）。
以上两味药。先用瓷罐盛放蔓荆子，火烧至黑焦无声后取出，放入蛇蜕在内，再次轻烧蛇蜕成灰，待冷却后细研，每次服用半钱匕，饭后用温酒调服。每日三次。
治疗眼睛上生晕影，不论病程新旧。光明散方：
鲤鱼（一头，长一尺二寸者，取其胆）。
以上一味药。刺破鱼胆，将胆汁滴在铜镜上阴干，用竹刀刮下成为细末，每次取少许，时常点眼。
治疗白膜晕赤侵染黑睛，进而产生翳膜，横冲瞳仁，形成丁字状翳膜疼痛。黄芩汤方：
黄芩（去除黑色中心部分）、黄连（去须根）、木通（锉碎）、柴胡（去苗）、赤芍药（各二两）、地骨皮、山栀子仁（各一两半）、葳蕤、大黄（蒸过后切片炒制）、甘草（炙烤后锉碎，各二两半）、石膏（六两半）。
以上十一味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏，煎取七分，滤去药渣，加入朴硝半钱匕，饭后良久温服，每日两次。
治疗目晕昏涩，视物不明。川芎散方：
川芎、地骨皮、何首乌（去黑皮）、荆芥穗、菊花、旋覆花、甘草（炙烤）、石决明（刷净）、草决明（各一两）、蝉蜕（去土）、青葙子、木贼（各半两）、白芷（一分）。
以上十三味药。捣碎筛选为散剂，每次服用一钱匕，用米泔水调服，饭后服用。
治疗肝虚血弱，风邪毒气乘虚客居搏结，眼窍昏浊，黑白不分，发为目晕。山芋散方：
山芋、防风（去叉枝）、细辛（去苗叶，各一两）、山茱萸、蔓荆实（去白皮，各三分）、芍药、升麻（各半两）。
以上七味药。捣碎筛选为散剂，每次服用二钱匕，用温酒调服。
治疗风毒客居搏结，眼生翳膜晕影，黑白睛昏浊不明。苍术散方：
苍术（米泔水浸泡一夜切片焙干，四两）、木贼（童子小便浸泡一夜洗净锉碎焙干，二两）、甘草（炙烤，一两半）、旋覆花、蝉蜕（去土，各一两）。
以上五味药。捣碎筛选为散剂，每次服用一钱匕，饭后用麦门冬熟水调服。
Commentary states: The *Ling Shu* (Spiritual Pivot) records that the pupil and black cornea correspond to Yin, while the sclera and red vessels correspond to Yang. When Yin and Yang coordinate and rotate together, vision becomes clear. If Yin and Yang are disharmonious, Liver blood is deficient and weak, and Wind pathogenic factors or toxic qi invade due to deficiency and contend with the essence-qi of the eye. This causes the two Qi to gather and generate above the sclera, surrounding the boundary of the black cornea. The Water Wheel (referring to the pupil/cornea, associated with the Kidney) becomes turbid, and the distinction between black and white becomes unclear. This constitutes the manifestation of "Mu Yun" (Eye Dizziness/Blurred Vision).
To treat Wind-Heat invading due to deficiency, contending with essence-qi, causing dryness, grittiness, pain in the eyes, accompanied by blurred vision and nebulae. Nine-Ingredient Rhinoceros Horn Decoction Formula:
Rhinoceros Horn (sliced, 1.5 liang), Gardenia Seed, Akebia Stem, Scutellaria Root (remove black heart), Rheum Root (slice and stir-fry), Coptis Rhizome (remove roots), Licorice Root (stir-bake and slice), Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong, each 1 liang), Plantago Seed (2 liang).
The above nine ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water and 7 leaves of Bamboo Leaf. Decoct until 0.8 remains. Strain the dregs, add 1 qian bi of Natrii Sulfas powder, and take warm after meals and before retiring.
To treat Liver blood insufficiency, Wind pathogenic factors invading due to deficiency, contending with essence-qi, causing bilateral blurred vision with nebulae and unbearable pain. Ligusticum Pill Formula:
Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Lycium Fruit, Schizonepeta Spike, Licorice Root (stir-bake and slice), Atractylodes Rhizome (soak in rice wash overnight, slice and bake-dry, each 1 liang), Asarum Root (remove seedlings and leaves), Cicada Slough (wash and bake-dry), Gypsum (grind and float in water), Inula Flower, Chrysanthemum Flower, Notopterygium Rhizome (remove rhizome head, each 0.5 liang).
The above eleven ingredients. Pound and grind into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of a bullet. Take one pill per dose, after meals and before retiring. Chew thoroughly and swallow with tea infusion. Three times daily.
To treat Wind pathogenic factors attacking the eyes, causing grittiness, pain, blurred vision, and nebulae. Seven-Ingredient Rhinoceros Horn Decoction Formula:
Rhinoceros Horn (sliced, 3 fen), Plantago Seed, Gardenia Seed (each 1 liang), Akebia Stem (slice), Scutellaria Root (remove black heart), Rheum Root (slice and stir-fry), Coptis Rhizome (remove roots, each 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water and 7 leaves of Bamboo Leaf. Decoct until 0.7 remains. Strain the dregs, add 1 qian bi of Mirabilite powder, and take warm after meals and before retiring.
To treat Liver blood insufficiency, deficient Heat generating floating nebulae obscuring the black cornea, with pain, grittiness, and dryness. Rhinoceros Horn Decoction Formula:
Black Rhinoceros Horn (sliced, 2 liang), Coptis Rhizome (remove roots), Licorice Root (stir-bake and slice), Fraxinus Bark (remove rough bark and slice), Green Bamboo Shavings, Gardenia Seed (each 1 liang), Rheum Root (slice and stir-fry, 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water. Decoct until 0.8 remains. Strain the dregs and take warm after meals and before retiring.
To treat eye dizziness, nebulae, and dull pain in the head and eyes. Ligusticum and Atractylodes Pill Formula:
Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Atractylodes Rhizome (soak in rice wash for three days, scrape off black skin with bamboo knife, slice and bake-dry), Asarum Root (remove seedlings and leaves), Cicada Slough (remove soil), Schizonepeta Spike, Chrysanthemum Flower (each 1 liang), Prunus Seed (grind, 3 fen).
The above seven ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of a bullet. Take one pill per dose. Chew thoroughly and swallow with salt wine or salt water. No specific time restriction.
To treat dim vision, blurred vision with nebulae persisting for years, accompanied by dryness and pain. Eye-Dropping Realgar Ointment Formula:
Realgar (grind), Dried Ginger (roast, pound into powder), Coptis Rhizome (remove roots, pound into powder), Alum (burn until juice is exhausted, grind), Cinnabar (grind, each 1 fen), Musk (grind, 1 qian).
The above six ingredients. Mix with 2 zhan of snow water. Place in a porcelain bottle and boil in a double boiler for one day. After the medicine is ready, let it cool. Filter through cotton cloth. Apply a small amount to the corner of the eye.
To treat Wind pathogenic factors invading due to deficiency, causing eye dizziness. Liver-Washing Powder Formula:
Tribulus Fruit (stir-fry, remove spines, 1.5 liang), Notopterygium Rhizome (remove rhizome head), Saposhnikovia Root (remove forks, each 0.5 liang), Licorice Root (stir-bake and slice, 1 fen), Natrii Sulfas (grind, 1 liang).
The above five ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Take 2 qian bi per dose. After meals and before retiring, mix with warm boiled water and take.
To treat eye nebulae and dizziness, dimness, hidden dryness, and pain from proliferating tissue. Return-to-Brightness Powder Formula:
Chestnut (196 pieces, use with peel), Licorice Root (stir-bake and slice), Leech (select thin ones, stir-fry, each 2 liang), Blatta Orientalis (120 pieces, stir-fry, remove wings and feet), Angelica Dahurica, Mume Fruit (remove pits, each 5 liang).
The above six ingredients. Pound and sift into fine powder. Take 1 qian bi per dose. After meals, mix with hot wine and take. Follow up by drinking half a zhan of wine to suppress the effect. Three times daily.
To treat Liver deficiency and Wind pathogenic factors attacking the eyes, causing eye dizziness and unclear vision. Vitex Powder Formula:
Vitex Fruit (4 liang, wash), Snake Slough (2 liang).
The above two ingredients. First, place Vitex fruit in a porcelain jar, burn over fire until blackened and silent, then remove. Add Snake Slough inside, and lightly burn the slough into ash. Let cool and grind finely. Take 0.5 qian bi per dose. After meals, mix with warm wine and take. Three times daily.
To treat eye dizziness regardless of duration. Bright Light Powder Formula:
Carp (one fish, 1.2 chi long, use its gallbladder).
The above single ingredient. Pierce the gallbladder, drip the juice onto a bronze mirror, and dry in the shade. Scrape into fine powder with a bamboo knife. Use a small amount occasionally to drop into the eyes.
To treat white membrane dizziness and redness invading the black cornea, subsequently generating nebulae that cross the pupil, forming T-shaped nebulae with pain. Scutellaria Decoction Formula:
Scutellaria Root (remove black heart), Coptis Rhizome (remove roots), Akebia Stem (slice), Bupleurum Root (remove seedlings), Red Peony Root (each 2 liang), Phellodendron Bark, Gardenia Seed (each 1.5 liang), Polygonatum Rhizome, Rheum Root (steam, slice, stir-fry), Licorice Root (stir-bake and slice, each 2.5 liang), Gypsum (6.5 liang).
The above eleven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian bi per dose, add 1 zhan of water. Decoct until 0.7 remains. Strain the dregs, add 0.5 qian bi of Natrii Sulfas, and take warm after a long interval post-meal. Twice daily.
To treat eye dizziness, turbidity, dryness, and unclear vision. Ligusticum Powder Formula:
Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Phellodendron Bark, Polygonum Multiflorum Root (remove black skin), Schizonepeta Spike, Chrysanthemum Flower, Inula Flower, Licorice Root (stir-bake), Abalone Shell (brush clean), Cassia Seed (each 1 liang), Cicada Slough (remove soil), Celosia Seed, Equisetum Rami (each 0.5 liang), Angelica Dahurica (1 fen).
The above thirteen ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Take 1 qian bi per dose. Mix with rice wash water and take after meals.
To treat Liver deficiency and weak blood, where Wind pathogenic toxic qi invades and contends due to deficiency, causing eye turbidity, unclear black and white, manifesting as eye dizziness. Yam Powder Formula:
Yam, Saposhnikovia Root (remove forks), Asarum Root (remove seedlings and leaves, each 1 liang), Cornelian Cherry Fruit, Vitex Fruit (remove white skin, each 3 fen), Peony Root, Cimicifuga Rhizome (each 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Take 2 qian bi per dose. Mix with warm wine and take.
To treat Wind-Toxin contending internally, causing eye nebulae and dizziness, with turbid and unclear black and white parts of the eye. Atractylodes Powder Formula:
Atractylodes Rhizome (rice wash soak overnight, slice, bake-dry, 4 liang), Equisetum Rami (immersed in urine of young boy overnight, wash clean, slice, bake-dry, 2 liang), Licorice Root (stir-bake, 1.5 liang), Inula Flower, Cicada Slough (remove soil, each 1 liang).
The above five ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Take 1 qian bi per dose. After meals, mix with prepared Ophiopogon Decoction and take.