味苦酸，平，微寒，有小毒。主邪气腹痛，除血痹，破坚积，寒热疝瘕，止痛，利小
益气，通顺血脉，缓中，散恶血，逐贼血，去水气，利膀胱大小肠，消痈肿，时行寒热
恶腹痛，腰痛。《药性论》云∶臣。强五脏，补肾气，治心腹坚胀，妇人血闭不通，消
能蚀脓。日华子云∶治风补劳，主女人一切病，并产前后诸疾。赤色者多补气，白者治血。
恶∶石斛、芒硝。畏∶硝石、鳖甲、小蓟。反∶藜芦。
味苦，温，微温，无毒。主中风伤寒头痛、温疟，发表出汗，去邪热气，止咳逆上气
除寒热，破症坚积聚、五脏邪气缓急、风胁痛、字乳余疾，止好唾，通腠理，疏伤寒头疼
解肌，泄邪恶气，消赤黑斑毒。《药性论》云∶君。能治身上毒风， 痹，主壮热，解肌
发汗温疟。根节能止汗。日华子云∶通九窍，调血脉，开毛孔，御山岚瘴气。浓朴为之使
恶∶辛夷、石苇。
味辛甘，平，无毒。主去恶虫，除脾胃寒热，通利九窍，血脉，关节，令人不忘，疗
疸，耳聋，散痈肿。《药性论》云∶臣。治五淋，利小便，开关格。日华子云∶安心除烦
止渴，退热，明目，通小肠，排脓，止痛，催生下胞，女人血闭，月候不匀，天行时疾，
痛目眩，羸劣，乳结及下乳，子名覆子。
味苦辛，寒，无毒。主关格诸癃结、小便不通，出刺，决痈肿，明目去翳，破胎堕子
下闭血，养肾气，逐膀胱邪逆，止霍乱。《药性论》云∶臣。主五淋。日华子云∶催生，
痔并泻血。子∶治月经不通，破血块，排脓。叶∶治小儿蛔虫，痔疾，煎汤治丹石药发
，蓑草、牡丹为之使。恶∶螵蛸。
芍药：味苦、酸，性平，微寒，有小毒。主治邪气引起的腹痛，消除血痹，破除坚积，治疗伴有寒热的疝气和瘕块，止痛，利尿益气，疏通血脉，缓和中焦（脾胃），消散恶血，驱逐贼血，去除水气，通利膀胱及大小肠，消除痈肿，治疗时行病中的寒热往来、恶性腹痛和腰痛。《药性论》记载：为臣药。能强健五脏，补肾气，治疗心腹部的坚硬胀满，妇女经血闭阻不通，消除脓液。日华子记载：治疗风疾，补益虚劳，主治妇女各种疾病，以及产前产后诸种病症。赤色芍药多用于补气，白色芍药用于治疗血证。禁忌：畏石斛、芒硝；忌硝石、鳖甲、小蓟；反藜芦。
牡丹皮：味苦，性温，微温，无毒。主治中风伤寒引起的头痛、温疟，发散表邪促使出汗，去除邪热之气，止咳逆上气，消除寒热，破除症坚积聚、五脏邪气导致的急迫症状、风胁痛、产后余疾，停止过度唾液分泌，疏通腠理，解除伤寒头痛，解散肌表之邪，泄除邪恶之气，消除赤黑斑毒。《药性论》记载：为君药。能治疗身上的毒风、痹证，主治壮热，解肌发汗治疗温疟。根节部分能止汗。日华子记载：通利九窍，调和血脉，开启毛孔，抵御山岚瘴气。厚朴为其使药。禁忌：畏辛夷、石苇。
远志：味辛、甘，性平，无毒。主治去除恶虫，消除脾胃寒热，通利九窍、血脉、关节，使人不忘事，治疗黄疸、耳聋，消散痈肿。《药性论》记载：为臣药。治疗五淋，通利小便，开通关格之证。日华子记载：安心除烦，止渴，退热，明目，通利小肠，排脓，止痛，催生下胞，治疗妇女血闭、月经不调、时行疫病、头痛目眩、身体瘦弱、乳汁结滞及下乳。其种子名为覆子。
瞿麦：味苦、辛，性寒，无毒。主治关格诸癃结、小便不通，排出刺物，决破痈肿，明目去翳，破胎堕子，下闭血，养肾气，驱逐膀胱邪逆，止霍乱。《药性论》记载：为臣药。主治五淋。日华子记载：催生，治疗痔疮并泻血。其种子：治疗月经不通，破血块，排脓。其叶：治疗小儿蛔虫、痔疾，煎汤治疗丹石药发。蓑草、牡丹为其使药。禁忌：畏螵蛸。
Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao, 芍药): Bitter and sour in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly cold, with slight toxicity. It primarily treats abdominal pain caused by pathogenic factors, eliminates blood stasis obstruction (Xuebi), breaks down hard accumulations, treats hernia and mass formations accompanied by alternating chills and fever, relieves pain, promotes urination and benefits Qi, unblocks and smooths the blood vessels, moderates the middle jiao (Spleen and Stomach), disperses foul blood, expels thief blood, removes water retention, benefits the bladder, large intestine, and small intestine, resolves carbuncles and swellings, and treats alternating chills and fever during epidemic diseases, malignant abdominal pain, and lower back pain. The *Yaoxing Lun* states: It serves as a minister herb. It strengthens the five zang organs, tonifies Kidney Qi, treats hardness and distension of the heart and abdomen, uterine blood closure and obstruction, and dissipates pus. Ri Huazi states: It treats wind disorders and tonifies deficiency-wasting conditions; it is the primary treatment for all women's diseases and various ailments before and after childbirth. Red Paeoniae Radix tends to benefit Qi, while white Paeoniae Radix treats blood disorders. Incompatibilities: Averse to Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu) and Mirabilite (Mangxiao). Feared by Natrii Sulfas (Xiaoshi), Trionycis Carapax (Biejia), and Herba Cirsii Japonici (Xiaoji). Counteractive against Veratris Rhizoma (Lilu).
Moutan Cortex (Mudanpi, 牡丹皮): Bitter in flavor, warm in nature, slightly warm, non-toxic. It primarily treats headache due to wind-stroke or cold-heat damage, warm malaria, releases the exterior and induces sweating, clears pathogenic heat, stops cough with rebellious Qi, eliminates chills and fever, breaks down fixed masses and accumulations, addresses urgency caused by pathogenic factors in the five zang organs, treats wind-related hypochondriac pain, residual postpartum disorders, stops excessive salivation, unblocks the interstices (Couli), resolves headache due to cold damage, releases the muscle layer, drains evil qi, and eliminates red-black macular toxins. The *Yaoxing Lun* states: It serves as a sovereign herb. It treats toxic wind on the body, bi-syndrome, high fever, releases the muscle layer and induces sweating to treat warm malaria. The root nodes can stop sweating. Ri Huazi states: It unblocks the nine orifices, harmonizes the blood vessels, opens the pores, and guards against mountainous miasma. Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo) acts as its guiding herb. Incompatibilities: Averse to Magnoliae Flos (Xinyi) and Pyri Folium (Shiwei).
Polygalae Radix (Yuanzhi, 远志): Pungent and sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily expels harmful insects, eliminates cold-heat in the Spleen and Stomach, unblocks the nine orifices, blood vessels, and joints, prevents forgetfulness, treats jaundice and deafness, and dissipates carbuncles and swellings. The *Yaoxing Lun* states: It serves as a minister herb. It treats the five types of strangury, promotes urination, and opens guan-ge obstructions. Ri Huazi states: It calms the mind and relieves irritability, stops thirst, reduces fever, brightens the eyes, unblocks the Small Intestine, expels pus, relieves pain, facilitates labor and delivery, treats uterine blood closure, irregular menstruation, epidemic diseases, headache and vertigo, emaciation, milk stasis, and lactation difficulties. Its seed is named Fuzi.
Dianthus Herba (Qumai, 瞿麦): Bitter and pungent in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats guan-ge syndromes with strangury and obstruction, urinary retention, expels foreign bodies, ruptures carbuncles and swellings, brightens the eyes and removes nebula, induces abortion, expels closed blood, nourishes Kidney Qi, drives out rebellious pathogens from the bladder, and stops cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea. The *Yaoxing Lun* states: It serves as a minister herb. It primarily treats the five types of strangury. Ri Huazi states: It facilitates labor, treats hemorrhoids with bleeding. Its seeds: Treat amenorrhea, break up blood clots, and expel pus. Its leaves: Treat pediatric ascariasis and hemorrhoids; decocted soup treats Dan-shi drug eruptions. Carex rhizome and Moutan Cortex act as its guiding herbs. Incompatibilities: Feared by Sepiae Endoconcha (Piaoxiao).