若用毒药治病，先起如黍粟，病去即止，不去倍之，不去十之，取去为度。病在胸膈以
上者，先食而后服药；病在心腹以下者，先服药而后食；病在四肢血脉者，宜空腹而在旦；
病在骨髓者，宜饱满而在夜。
凡服丸散，不云酒水饮者，本方如此，是可通用也。
凡服利汤欲得侵早，凡服汤欲得稍热服之，即易消下不吐。若冷则吐呕不下，若太热即
破人咽喉，务在用意。汤必须澄清，若浊令人心闷不解，中间相去如步行十里久再服。若太
促数，前汤未消，后汤来冲，必当吐逆，仍问病者腹中药消散，乃可进服。
凡服汤法，大约皆分为三服。取三升，然后乘病患谷气强进。一服最须多，次一服渐少，
后一服最须少，如此即甚安稳。所以病患于后气力渐微，故汤须渐渐少。凡服补汤，欲得服
三升半，昼三夜一，中间间食，则汤气溉灌百脉，易得药力。凡服汤不得太缓太急也。又须
左右仰覆卧各一，食顷即汤势遍行腹中，又于室中行皆可，一百步许一日勿出外即大益。
凡服汤三日常忌酒，缘汤忌酒故也。凡服治风汤，第一服浓覆取汗，若得汗即须薄覆，
勿令大汗，中间亦须间食。不尔人无力，更益虚羸。
凡丸药皆如梧桐子大，补者十丸为始，从一服渐加，不过四十丸，过亦损人。云一日三
度服，欲得引日多时不阙。药气渐渍，熏蒸五脏，积久为佳，不必顿服，早尽为善。徒弃名
药，获益甚少。
凡人四十以下，有病可服泻药，不甚须服补药，必若有所损，不在此限。四十以上，则
不可服泻药，须服补药。五十以上四时勿阙补药，如此乃可延年，得养生之术耳。其方备在
第二十七卷中。《素问》曰，实则泻之，虚则补之，不虚不实，以经调之，此其大略也。
凡有脏腑积聚，无问少长，须泻则泻；凡有虚损，无问少长，须补即补，以意量
凡服痔漏疳 等药，皆慎猪鸡鱼油等味，至瘥。
凡服泻药，不过以利为度，慎勿过多，令人下利无度，大损人也。
凡诸恶疮，瘥后皆百日慎口，不尔即疮发也。
凡服酒药，欲得使酒气相接，无得断绝，绝不得药力。多少皆以知为度，不可令至醉，
及吐则大损人也。
凡服药，皆断生冷酢滑，猪犬鸡鱼，油面蒜及果实等。其大补丸散，切忌陈臭宿滞之物
，有空青忌食生血物。天门冬忌鲤鱼，白术忌桃李及雀肉、胡荽、大蒜、青鱼 等物，地黄
忌芜荑，甘草忌菘菜、海藻，细辛忌生菜，菟丝子忌兔肉，牛膝忌牛肉；黄连、桔梗忌猪肉
，牡丹忌胡荽，藜芦忌狸肉，半夏、菖蒲忌饴糖及羊肉，恒山、桂心忌生葱、生菜，商陆忌
犬肉，茯苓忌醋物，柏子仁忌湿面，巴豆忌芦笋羹及猪肉，鳖甲忌苋菜。
凡服药，忌见死尸及产妇秽污触之，兼及忿怒忧劳。
凡饵汤药，其粥食肉菜皆须大熟。熟即易消，与药相宜。若生则难消，复损药力。仍须
少食菜及硬物，于药为佳，亦少进盐醋乃善，亦不得苦心用力及房室喜怒。是以治病用药力，
唯在食治将息得力，大半于药有益。所以病者务在将息节慎，节慎之至，可以长生，岂惟病
愈而已。
凡服泻汤及诸丸散酒等，至食时须食者，皆先与一口冷醋饭，须臾乃进食为佳。
凡人忽遇风发，身心顿恶，或不能言，有如此者，当服大小续命汤及西州续命、排风、
越婢等汤，于无风处密室之中，日夜四五服，勿计剂数多少，亦无虑虚，常使头面手足腹背
汗出不绝为佳。服汤之时，汤消即食粥，粥消即服汤，亦少与羊肉 将补。若风大重者，相
续五日五夜，服汤不绝，即经二日停汤。以羹 自补将息四体，若小瘥即当停药，渐渐将息。
如其不瘥，当更服汤攻之，以瘥为度。
凡患风，服汤，非得大汗，其风不去。所以诸风方中皆有麻黄，至如西州续命，即用八
两，越婢六两，大小续命或用一两、三两、四两，故知非汗不瘥，所以治风非密室不得，辄
服汤药，徒自误耳。惟更加增，未见损减矣。
凡人五十以上，大虚者，服三石更生，慎勿用五石也。四时常以平旦服一二升，暖饮终
生勿绝及一时，勿食蒜、油、猪、鸡、鱼、鹅、鸭、牛、马等肉，即无病矣。
如果用药性有毒的药物治病，开始时剂量要小，如黍米、粟粒大小；病邪去除后立即停药；若病未去，则加倍剂量；若仍未去，增至十倍，以病邪去除为度。
病位在胸膈以上的，先吃饭后服药；病位在心腹以下的，先服药后吃饭；病位在四肢血脉的，宜在清晨空腹时服用；病位在骨髓的，宜在夜晚饱食后服用。
凡是服用丸药或散剂，如果原方没有特别说明用酒或水送服，就按照原方的规定通用即可。
凡是服用泻下汤剂，应当尽早服用；凡是服用一般汤剂，应当稍热时服用，这样容易消化且不会引起呕吐。如果药液太冷，会引起呕吐且难以吸收；如果太烫，会损伤咽喉，务必用心注意。汤剂必须澄清，如果浑浊会让人心中烦闷不适。两次服药之间间隔的时间，大约相当于步行十里路所需的时间再服用。如果间隔时间太短，前一次汤药尚未消化，后一次又冲进来，必然导致呕吐逆乱，因此要询问病人腹中的药物是否已经消散，然后才可以继续服用。
凡是服用汤剂的法则，大体上都分为三次服用。取三升药液，趁患者胃气旺盛时进服。第一次服用量最多，第二次逐渐减少，第三次最少，这样就非常安稳。因为患者在后面服药时体力逐渐减弱，所以汤药的剂量也要逐渐减少。凡是服用补益汤剂，希望每次服用三升半，白天服三次，夜间服一次，中间穿插进食，这样药气就能灌溉百脉，容易发挥药效。凡是服用汤剂，速度不能太慢也不能太快。还需要左右仰卧和俯卧各一次，吃一顿饭的功夫，药势就会遍布腹中，也可以在室内行走，大约一百步左右，一天内不要到外面去，这对身体大有益处。
凡是服用汤剂三天内都要忌酒，因为汤药与酒相忌的缘故。凡是服用治疗风病的汤剂，第一服要严密覆盖以求出汗，如果出了汗就要薄盖，不要让大汗淋漓，中间也要适当进食。否则人会无力，更加虚弱消瘦。
凡是丸药都做成梧桐子大小，补益类的从十丸开始，随着服用次数逐渐增加，不超过四十丸，超过也会损害人体。如果说一天服用三次，想要拉长服药天数而不间断。药气逐渐渗透，熏蒸五脏，积累久了效果才好，不必一次性顿服，早点吃完为好。白白浪费名贵药物，获益却很少。
凡是四十岁以下的人，有病可以服用泻药，不太需要服用补药，如果有特殊损伤，不在此限。四十岁以上的人，则不可以服用泻药，必须服用补药。五十岁以上的人，四季都不能缺少补药，这样才能延年益寿，掌握养生的方法。具体的方剂备录在第二十七卷中。《素问》说，实证就用泻法，虚证就用补法，不虚不实，用经络调理来平衡，这是大概的原则。
凡是脏腑有积聚的，无论老少，需要泻的就泻；凡是虚损的，无论老少，需要补的就补，要根据情况衡量。
凡是服用治疗痔疮、漏疮、疳积等疾病的药物，都要谨慎食用猪肉、鸡肉、鱼类、油脂等食物，直到痊愈。
凡是服用泻药，不过以通便为限度，千万不要过量，让人腹泻无度，这会严重损害人体。
凡是各种恶疮，痊愈后都要禁忌口腹之欲一百天，否则疮毒就会复发。
凡是服用酒制药剂，要使酒气连续不断，不能中断，中断了就失去药效。用量多少都以见效为度，不可令其醉酒，以及呕吐，否则会严重损害人体。
凡是服药，都要断绝生冷、酸滑之物，以及猪、狗、鸡、鱼、油、面、蒜和果实等。那些大补的丸散，切忌食用陈旧、发臭、隔夜滞留的食物。有空青时要禁忌食用生血之物。天门冬禁忌鲤鱼，白术禁忌桃李、雀肉、胡荽（香菜）、大蒜、青鱼等物，地黄禁忌芜荑，甘草禁忌菘菜（白菜）、海藻，细辛禁忌生菜，菟丝子禁忌兔肉，牛膝禁忌牛肉；黄连、桔梗禁忌猪肉，牡丹皮禁忌胡荽，藜芦禁忌狸肉，半夏、石菖蒲禁忌饴糖及羊肉，恒山、桂心禁忌生葱、生菜，商陆禁忌犬肉，茯苓禁忌醋制食品，柏子仁禁忌湿面，巴豆禁忌芦笋羹及猪肉，鳖甲禁忌苋菜。
凡是服药，忌讳接触死尸及产妇的污秽之气，同时也忌讳愤怒和忧劳。
凡是服用汤药，其中的粥、肉、菜都必须煮得非常熟。煮熟了就容易消化，与药性相适宜。如果是生的就难消化，反而损害药效。还必须少吃蔬菜和硬物，这对药效最好，也稍微吃点盐和醋才好，同时也不得苦心用力以及进行房事和喜怒过度。所以治病用药力，主要在于饮食调养得当得力，大半对药物有益。所以病人务必注重调养节制，节制到了极致，可以长生，岂止是病愈而已。
凡是服用泻下汤剂以及各种丸散、酒剂等，到吃饭时间必须吃东西的，都先给一口冷醋拌饭，过一会儿再进食为佳。
凡人忽然遭遇风病发作，身心突然恶化，或者不能说话，有这种情况的，应当服用大小续命汤以及西州续命汤、排风汤、越婢汤等，在无风的密室之中，日夜服用四五次，不计较剂数的多少，也不必担心虚损，常使头面手足腹背汗出不绝为佳。服用汤药的时候，汤药消化了就吃粥，粥消化了就再服汤，也稍微给予羊肉来辅助补益。如果风邪特别重的，连续五天五夜，不停服用汤药，之后停两天汤药。用羹汤自我补益调养四肢，如果稍微好转就应当停止服药，慢慢调养。如果不好转，应当再次服用汤药攻治，以痊愈为度。
凡是患风病，服用汤药，如果不是大汗出，风邪就不能去除。所以各种治风方剂中都有麻黄，至于像西州续命汤，就用八两，越婢汤六两，大小续命汤或用一两、三两、四两，所以知道不出汗就不能痊愈，因此治疗风病非要在密室中进行，随意服用汤药，只是自己耽误病情罢了。只会更加加重，未见减轻。
凡是五十岁以上的人，体质大虚的，服用三石更生丹，千万不要使用五石散。四季常在清晨服用一二升，终身不间断，并且一时辰内，不吃蒜、油、猪、鸡、鱼、鹅、鸭、牛、马等肉，就没有疾病了。
If using toxic drugs to treat diseases, start with a small dose, such as the size of millet or broomcorn millet; stop immediately once the pathogen is eliminated; if the disease persists, double the dose; if it still persists, increase to ten times the initial dose, taking the elimination of the disease as the limit.
For diseases located above the chest and diaphragm, eat first and then take medicine; for diseases located below the heart and abdomen, take medicine first and then eat; for diseases located in the four limbs and blood vessels, it is appropriate to take them on an empty stomach in the morning; for diseases located in the bone marrow, it is appropriate to take them when full at night.
When taking pills or powders, if the original prescription does not specify whether to use wine or water for delivery, follow the original prescription's general rule.
When taking purgative decoctions, they should be taken early; when taking general decoctions, they should be taken while slightly warm, which facilitates digestion and prevents vomiting. If too cold, it may cause vomiting and poor absorption; if too hot, it will damage the throat, so attention must be paid. The decoction must be clear; if turbid, it causes mental restlessness. The interval between doses should be approximately the time it takes to walk ten *li*. If the interval is too short, before the previous dose is digested, the new dose arrives, inevitably causing vomiting and reflux. Therefore, ask the patient if the medicine in the abdomen has dissipated before administering the next dose.
The general method for taking decoctions is to divide them into three doses. Take three *sheng* of liquid, and administer while the patient's *Gu Qi* (Grain Qi/Stomach Qi) is strong. The first dose should be the largest, the second gradually smaller, and the third the smallest, ensuring stability. Since the patient's strength diminishes with subsequent doses, the dosage should gradually decrease. When taking tonic decoctions, aim for 3.5 *sheng* per administration, three times during the day and once at night, interspersed with meals, so that the medicinal qi irrigates the hundred vessels and efficacy is easily achieved. The speed of taking decoctions should not be too slow or too fast. One should also lie supine and prone on both sides for about one meal's duration, after which the medicinal momentum spreads throughout the abdomen. Walking indoors for about one hundred steps is also beneficial; staying indoors for the day is highly advantageous.
For three days after taking decoctions, alcohol must be avoided due to incompatibility. For decoctions treating wind diseases, the first dose should be covered tightly to induce sweating; once sweat occurs, cover lightly to prevent excessive sweating. Meals should be interspersed. Otherwise, the person will lose strength and become more emaciated.
Pills are generally made the size of a Chinese quince seed (*Cotoneaster melon*). Tonic pills start at ten pills, gradually increasing with each dose, but not exceeding forty pills, as excess harms the body. If prescribed three times a day, the course should be extended over many days without interruption. The medicinal qi gradually permeates and steams the five zang organs; accumulation over time yields better results. It is not necessary to take all at once; finishing early is good. Wasting expensive medicines yields little benefit.
For those under forty, purgatives may be used for illness, tonics are generally unnecessary unless there is specific damage. For those over forty, purgatives should not be used, and tonics are required. For those over fifty, tonics should not be lacking in any season to prolong life and master health preservation methods. Specific formulas are recorded in Volume 27. As stated in *Su Wen*: "Excess is treated by purging, deficiency is treated by tonifying; neither excess nor deficiency is balanced by regulating the meridians." This is the general principle.
For any organ accumulations, regardless of age, purge if necessary; for any deficiency, regardless of age, tonify if necessary, judging according to circumstances.
When taking medicines for hemorrhoids, fistulas, or gan syndrome, strictly avoid pork, chicken, fish, and oils until recovery.
When taking purgatives, stop once bowel movement is achieved; do not overdose to cause uncontrolled diarrhea, which severely damages the body.
After healing from various severe sores, dietary restrictions must be observed for one hundred days, otherwise the sores may recur.
When taking wine-processed medicines, ensure the alcohol effect is continuous without interruption, otherwise efficacy is lost. Dosage should be adjusted until effective; intoxication and vomiting must be avoided as they severely harm the body.
When taking medicine, avoid raw, cold, sour, and slippery foods, as well as pork, dog, chicken, fish, oil, flour, garlic, and fruits. For major tonic pills/powders, strictly avoid stale, smelly, or leftover foods. When using *Kong Qing* (Azurite), avoid blood-generating foods. *Tian Dong* (Asparagus Root) avoids carp; *Bai Zhu* (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) avoids plums, peaches, sparrow meat, *Hu Su* (Coriander), garlic, and green fish; *Di Huang* (Rehmannia Root) avoids *Wu Yi* (Chrysanthemum Seed); *Gan Cao* (Licorice Root) avoids *Song Cai* (Chinese Cabbage) and *Hai Zao* (Sargassum); *Xi Xin* (Asarum) avoids raw vegetables; *Tu Si Zi* (Dodder Seed) avoids rabbit meat; *Niu Xi* (Achyranthes Root) avoids beef; *Huang Lian* (Coptis Rhizome) and *Jie Geng* (Platycodon Root) avoid pork; *Mu Dan Pi* (Moutan Cortex) avoids *Hu Su*; *Li Lu* (Veratrum Root) avoids civet cat meat; *Ban Xia* (Pinellia Tuber) and *Chang Pu* (Acorus Rhizome) avoid maltose and mutton; *Heng Shan* (Dichroa Root) and *Gui Xin* (Cinnamon Twig Heart) avoid raw scallions and vegetables; *Shang Lu* (Phytolacca Root) avoids dog meat; *Fu Ling* (Poria) avoids vinegar-treated foods; *Bai Zi Ren* (Biota Seed) avoids wet dough; *Ba Dou* (Croton Seed) avoids asparagus soup and pork; *Bie Jia* (Turtle Shell) avoids amaranth.
When taking medicine, avoid contact with corpses and postpartum filth, as well as anger and worry/overwork.
When taking decoctions, porridges, meats, and vegetables must be thoroughly cooked. Cooked food is easy to digest and compatible with medicine; raw food is hard to digest and impairs efficacy. Eat less vegetables and hard foods for best results; consume small amounts of salt and vinegar. Avoid mental strain, sexual activity, and extreme emotions. Thus, the efficacy of medicine relies heavily on proper diet and care, which benefits the treatment significantly. Patients must focus on moderation and caution; ultimate caution leads to longevity, not just cure.
When taking purgative decoctions or pills/powders/wines, if eating is required at mealtime, first have a mouthful of cold vinegar rice, wait a moment, then eat.
If suddenly encountering wind disease onset with sudden physical and mental deterioration or inability to speak, take *Da Xiao Xu Ming Tang* (Major and Minor Continuation Life Decoction), *Xi Zhou Xu Ming Tang*, *Pai Feng Tang*, or *Yue Bi Tang*. In a windless, sealed room, take four to five doses daily, regardless of quantity, without worrying about deficiency. Aim for continuous sweating on the head, face, hands, feet, abdomen, and back. When the decoction is digested, eat porridge; when porridge is digested, take decoction again. Slightly supplement with mutton. If wind is severe, continue decoctions for five days and nights, then stop for two days. Supplement the four limbs with soups. If slightly improved, stop medication and recover gradually. If not improved, resume attacking with decoctions until cured.
To expel wind via decoctions, heavy sweating is required. Hence, *Ma Huang* (Ephedrae Herba) is present in most wind formulas: *Xi Zhou Xu Ming Tang* uses eight taels, *Yue Bi Tang* six taels, *Da/Xiao Xu Ming Tang* one, three, or four taels. Without sweating, cure is impossible. Treatment must occur in a sealed room; arbitrary dosing only worsens the condition.
For those over fifty with severe deficiency, take *San Shi Geng Sheng* (Three Minerals Rejuvenation Pill); do not use *Wu Shi San* (Five Minerals Powder). Take one to two *sheng* every morning at dawn throughout the seasons, lifelong without interruption. Avoid garlic, oil, pork, chicken, fish, goose, duck, beef, and horse meat to remain disease-free.