病源凡得伤寒及天行热病,日数较多腹内有热,又人食少,肠胃空虚,三虫行作求食,
食人五脏及下部也, 病之候,齿龈无色,舌上尽白,甚者唇里有疮,四肢沉重,匆忽喜眠,
如此皆为虫食其肛,肛烂见五脏则死,当数看其上唇内有疮唾血,唇内如粟疮者,则心内懊
痛,此虫在上食其五脏,下唇内生疮者,其人不寤,此虫食下部,皆能杀人也。(出第八
卷中)
肘后若病患齿龈无色,舌上白者,或喜眠愦愦,不知痛痒处,或下利,宜急疗下部,不
晓此者,但攻其上,不以为意,下部生疮,虫食其肛,肛烂见五脏便死。
烧马蹄作灰细末,猪膏和涂绵以导下部,日数度瘥。
又桃仁苦酒汤方。
桃仁(五十枚去皮尖及两仁) 苦酒(二升) 盐(一合)
上三味,煮取六合,去滓,尽服之。(并出第一卷中)
深师疗 食下部,桃皮汤方。
桃皮(二两) 槐子(二两) 艾(二两) 大枣(三十枚擘一方用黄连)
上四味切,以水五升,煮取三升,去滓,温分三服之。
又疗 虫食下部方。
以泥作罂,以竹筒如指所,横穿罂肚,筒一头纳下孔中,内如鸡子艾烧之,人就罂口
吹之,常令艾烧,强人可益艾甚良。(千金同)
又龙骨汤,治伤寒已八九日至十余日,大烦渴热盛,而三焦有疮 者多下,或张口吐舌
呵吁,咽烂口鼻生疮,吟语不识人,宜服此汤,除热毒止痢神方。
龙骨(半斤碎)
上一味,以水一斗,煮取四升,沉之井底令冷,服五合,余渐渐进之,恣意如饮,尤宜
老少,无味殆如饮水,亦断下。(文仲备急千金等同)
又疗伤寒及诸病之后,内有疮出下部烦者,黄连犀角汤方。
黄连(一两去毛) 乌梅(十四枚擘) 犀角(三两) 青木香(半两)
上四味切,以水五升,煮取一升半,分再服。忌猪肉冷水等。(并出第十四卷中)
范汪疗伤寒心中懊 ,下利,谷道中烂伤,当服懊 散,以 药纳谷道中,懊 散方。
芦(十分) 干漆(二分) 蓄(二分)
上三味,各异捣筛,粉粥饮服一钱匕,先食,日再服。(千金同)
又疗 懊 ,麝香散方。
麝香(一分研) 雄黄(一分研) 丹砂(一分研) 犀角(一分屑) 羚羊角(一分
研) 青
葙子(一分) 黄连(一分) 升麻(一分) 桃仁(一分熬) 贝齿(一分)
上十味并捣合下筛,先食以小麦粥服钱五匕,服药讫复以钱五匕,绵裹以导谷道中,食
顷去之,日三。忌猪肉冷水生血等物。(并出第三十三卷中)
短剧青葙子散,疗热病有 ,下部生疮方。
青葙(一两) 芦(四两) 野狼牙(三分) 橘皮(二分) 蓄(二分切之)
上五味捣下筛,粥饮和合服两钱匕,日三,不知,稍增之。(出第六卷中千金同有甘草
一分)
张文仲疗伤寒兼 疮,王叔和云,其候口唇皆生疮,唾血,上唇内有疮如粟者,则心中
懊痛,如此则此虫在上,乃食五脏,若下唇内生疮,其人喜眠者,此虫在下,食下部方,
取鸡子一枚,扣头出白,与漆一合熟和,令调如漆,还纳谷中,仰吞之,食顷,或半日,或
下虫,或吐虫,剧者再服乃尽,热除病愈,凡得热病腹内热,食少,三虫行作求食,食人五
脏及下部,人不能知,可服此药,不尔 虫杀人。(集验深师肘后同)
又方
猪胆(一具)
上一味渍着半升苦酒中和之,煎三沸,三下三上,药成可放温,空腹饮一满口,虫即死
,有人经用之验。(并出第二卷中千金同)
病因方面,凡是患上伤寒以及流行性热病的人,经过的天数较多,腹内有热,加之人体进食少,肠胃空虚,导致“三虫”(指寄生虫)活动寻找食物,侵蚀人的五脏及下部器官。疾病的征候表现为:齿龈颜色苍白无血色,舌面完全发白,严重的嘴唇内部生疮,四肢沉重,突然嗜睡。像这样的情况都是虫子在啃食肛门,若肛门腐烂露出内脏则死亡。应当多次观察其上唇内部是否有疮疡和唾血,如果上唇内像粟米大小的疮,则心中烦闷疼痛,这是虫子在上部啃食五脏;下唇内生疮的,患者昏沉不醒,这是虫子在下部啃食,这些情况都能致人死亡。(出自第八卷中)
《肘后备急方》记载:如果病患齿龈无色,舌面白,或者喜欢昏睡、神志不清,不知道痛痒的地方,或者腹泻,应当紧急治疗下部病变。不懂此理的人,只攻击上部病变,不以为意,结果下部生疮,虫子啃食肛门,肛门腐烂露出内脏便死亡。
用烧成灰的马蹄磨成细末,用猪油调和涂抹在棉絮上,塞入下部(肛门),每天数次即可痊愈。
又有桃仁苦酒汤方。
桃仁(五十枚,去皮尖及双仁者) 苦酒(二升) 盐(一合)
以上三味药,煮取六合药液,去掉药渣,全部服下。(均出自第一卷中)
《深师方》治疗虫子啃食下部,桃皮汤方。
桃皮(二两) 槐子(二两) 艾叶(二两) 大枣(三十枚,掰开;一方用黄连)
以上四味药切碎,用水五升,煮取三升药液,去掉药渣,温服,分三次服用。
又治疗虫子啃食下部的方子。
用泥做成一个瓮,用竹筒像手指粗细那样,横向穿过瓮肚,将竹筒一头插入下部孔窍中,放入如鸡蛋大小的艾绒并点燃,人对着瓮口吹气,常令艾绒燃烧,体质强壮者可增加艾绒用量,效果很好。(《千金方》相同)
又有龙骨汤,治疗伤寒已经八九日到十余日,极度烦躁口渴、热势旺盛,且三焦有疮疡导致多腹泻,或者张口吐舌、喘息吁叹,咽喉腐烂、口鼻生疮,胡言乱语不认识人,适宜服用此汤,是清除热毒、止痢的神效方剂。
龙骨(半斤,捣碎)
以上一味药,用水一斗,煮取四升药液,投入井底使其冷却,服用五合,剩余的药逐渐进服,随意饮用,尤其适合老人和小孩,味道淡得像喝水,也能截断腹泻。(文仲《备急方》、《千金方》相同)
又治疗伤寒及其他疾病之后,体内有疮疡出于下部且烦扰的,黄连犀角汤方。
黄连(一两,去毛) 乌梅(十四枚,掰开) 犀角(三两) 青木香(半两)
以上四味药切碎,用水五升,煮取一升半药液,分两次服用。忌食猪肉、冷水等。(均出自第十四卷中)
范汪治疗伤寒心中懊憹(烦闷不适),腹泻,肛门中腐烂损伤,应当服用懊憹散,将药物纳入肛门中。懊憹散方:
芦根(十分) 干漆(二分) 蓄(二分)
以上三味药,分别捣碎筛粉,用米粉粥送服一钱匕的量,饭前服用,每天两次。(《千金方》相同)
又治疗懊憹,麝香散方。
麝香(一分,研细) 雄黄(一分,研细) 丹砂(一分,研细) 犀角(一分,锉屑) 羚羊角(一分,研细) 青葙子(一分) 黄连(一分) 升麻(一分) 桃仁(一分,炒) 贝齿(一分)
以上十味药一起捣碎过筛,饭前用小麦粥送服五钱匕的量,服药完毕后,再用五钱匕的药粉,用棉絮包裹塞入肛门中,片刻后取出,每天三次。忌食猪肉、冷水、生血类食物等。(均出自第三十三卷中)
《短剧方》青葙子散,治疗热病伴有……(原文此处似有缺字或通假,结合上下文应为湿热或类似症状),下部生疮的方子。
青葙(一两) 芦根(四两) 野狼牙(三分) 橘皮(二分) 蓄(二分,切碎)
以上五味药捣碎过筛,用粥饮调和服用两钱匕,每天三次,若无效,稍微增加剂量。(出自第六卷中,《千金方》相同,另有一分甘草)
张文仲治疗伤寒兼有……(原文此处似有缺字,结合下文为虫蚀疮),王叔和说,其征候是口唇都生疮,唾血,上唇内有像粟米一样的疮,则心中烦闷疼痛,像这样则是虫子在上部,正在啃食五脏;如果下唇内生疮,患者喜欢睡觉,这是虫子在下部,啃食下部。方子:取鸡蛋一枚,磕破倒出蛋清,与一合漆混合调匀,使其像漆一样粘稠,再纳回谷道(肛门)中,仰头吞下,片刻,或半天,或者排出虫子,或者吐出虫子,病情重的再服用直到痊愈,热除病愈。凡是患上热病腹内热,进食少,三虫活动寻找食物,啃食人五脏及下部,人不能察觉,可以服用此药,否则虫子会杀人。(《集验方》、《深师方》、《肘后方》相同)
又一个方子
猪胆(一个)
以上一味药浸泡在半升苦酒中,煎煮三沸,三下三上(指反复加热冷却或搅拌),药成后可放至温热,空腹喝满一口,虫子即死,有人曾经使用过验证有效。(均出自第二卷中,《千金方》相同)
Etiologically, for those who have contracted Cold Damage (Shanghan) or epidemic febrile diseases, after many days, heat accumulates in the abdomen. Coupled with poor appetite and empty intestines and stomach, the "Three Worms" (parasites) become active seeking food, eroding the five Zang organs and the lower body. The manifestations of the disease include: gums lacking color, the entire tongue surface turning white, severe cases presenting with sores inside the lips, heavy limbs, sudden drowsiness, and a tendency to sleep. Such conditions indicate that worms are consuming the anus; if the anus rots exposing the internal organs, death ensues. One should frequently inspect the inner upper lip for sores and blood in saliva. If the inner upper lip has sores resembling millet grains, it causes mental restlessness and pain, indicating worms are consuming the five Zang organs from above. Sores on the inner lower lip cause the patient to be unconscious or lethargic, indicating worms are consuming the lower body. All these can be fatal. (From Volume 8)
*Zhouhou Beiji Fang* records: If a patient has colorless gums, a white tongue, prefers sleeping, is confused and unaware of pain or itch, or suffers from diarrhea, urgent treatment of the lower lesion is required. Those ignorant of this may only attack the upper lesions without attention, resulting in lower sores where worms consume the anus, leading to death when the anus rots and exposes internal organs.
Burn horse hooves to ash, grind into fine powder, mix with lard, apply on cotton, and insert into the lower orifice (anus). Apply several times a day until recovery.
Another formula is Tao Ren Ku Jiu Tang (Peach Kernel and Vinegar Decoction).
Tao Ren (Peach Kernel, 50 seeds, remove skin, tips, and double-kernel ones) Ku Jiu (Vinegar, 2 sheng) Yan (Salt, 1 he)
Boil the above three ingredients to obtain 6 liu of liquid, strain, and take all at once. (All from Volume 1)
*Shen Shi Fang* treats worms consuming the lower body with Tao Pi Tang (Peach Bark Decoction).
Tao Pi (Peach Bark, 2 liang) Huai Zi (Sophora Seed, 2 liang) Ai (Mugwort Leaf, 2 liang) Da Zao (Jujube, 30 pieces, split; one variant uses Huang Lian)
Chop the above four ingredients, boil in 5 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng of liquid, strain, and take warm, divided into three doses.
Another formula for worms consuming the lower body:
Make a clay urn, pierce the belly horizontally with a bamboo tube finger-thick. Insert one end of the tube into the lower orifice. Place mugwort wool the size of a chicken egg inside and ignite it. The person blows into the mouth of the urn to keep the mugwort burning. Stronger individuals may increase the amount of mugwort for better effect. (Same as *Qian Jin Fang*)
There is also Long Gu Tang (Dragon Bone Decoction), treating Cold Damage lasting 8-9 to 10+ days, with extreme restlessness, thirst, high fever, ulcers in the San Jiao causing frequent diarrhea, open mouth with tongue protrusion, panting, rotting throat, sores in mouth and nose, delirium, and inability to recognize people. This decoction clears heat toxins and stops dysentery effectively.
Long Gu (Dragon Bone, half jin, crushed)
Boil the single ingredient in 1 dou of water to obtain 4 sheng. Cool by submerging in a well. Take 5 he initially, then gradually increase intake as desired. It tastes like water, suitable for young and old, and can stop diarrhea. (Same as Wen Zhong's *Bei Ji Fang* and *Qian Jin Fang*)
Another formula for post-Cold Damage or other diseases where internal ulcers manifest in the lower body causing distress, is Huang Lian Xi Jiao Tang (Coptis and Rhinoceros Horn Decoction).
Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, 1 liang, remove hairs) Wu Mei (Dark Plum, 14 pieces, split) Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn, 3 liang) Qing Mu Xiang (Costus Root, half liang)
Chop the above four ingredients, boil in 5 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng. Divide into two doses. Avoid pork and cold water. (All from Volume 14)
Fan Wang treats Cold Damage with mental restlessness (Ao Nao), diarrhea, and anal erosion/ulceration with Ao Nao San (Restlessness Powder). Insert the medicine into the anus. Formula:
Lu Gen (Reed Rhizome, 10 parts) Gan Qi (Dried Lacquer, 2 parts) Xu (Shepherd's Purse, 2 parts)
Grind each of the three ingredients separately into powder. Take one qian bi with rice gruel before meals, twice daily. (Same as *Qian Jin Fang*)
Another formula for treating restlessness is She Xiang San (Musk Powder).
She Xiang (Musk, 1 part, ground) Xiong Huang (Realgar, 1 part, ground) Dan Sha (Cinnabar, 1 part, ground) Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn, 1 part, shaved) Ling Yang Jiao (Antelope Horn, 1 part, ground) Qing Xi Zi (Celosia Seed, 1 part) Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, 1 part) Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga Rhizome, 1 part) Tao Ren (Peach Kernel, 1 part, fried) Bei Chi (Concha Meretricis, 1 part)
Grind and sieve the ten ingredients together. Before meals, take five qian bi with wheat gruel. After taking the oral dose, wrap five qian bi in cotton and insert into the anus. Remove after a short while. Three times daily. Avoid pork, cold water, and blood-generating foods. (All from Volume 33)
*Duan Ju Fang* Qing Xi Zi San (Celosia Seed Powder) treats febrile diseases with... (text missing/implied damp-heat) and lower body sores.
Qing Xi (Celosia Seed, 1 liang) Lu Gen (Reed Rhizome, 4 liang) Ye Lang Ya (Agrimonia Pilosa, 3 fen) Ju Pi (Citrus Peel, 2 fen) Xu (Shepherd's Purse, 2 fen, chopped)
Grind the five ingredients into powder. Mix with gruel and drink two qian bi, three times daily. Increase dosage slightly if ineffective. (From Volume 6, same as *Qian Jin Fang* which adds 1 fen of Gan Cao)
Zhang Wenzhong treats Cold Damage complicated by... (text missing/implied worm ulcers). Wang Shuhe states the signs are sores on both lips, bloody saliva, millet-grain-like sores inside the upper lip causing heart restlessness and pain, indicating worms are above consuming the five Zang organs. Sores inside the lower lip with drowsiness indicate worms below consuming the lower body. Formula: Take one chicken egg, crack it, extract the white, mix with one he of lacquer until viscous like lacquer. Re-insert into the rectum, swallow while lying on back. After a moment or half a day, worms may be passed or vomited. Severe cases require repeated doses until cured. Heat dissipates, illness resolves. Generally, for febrile diseases with abdominal heat, poor eating, and active worms consuming organs and lower body undetected, this medicine can be taken; otherwise, worms will kill. (Same as *Ji Yan Fang*, *Shen Shi Fang*, *Zhou Hou Fang*)
Another formula:
Zhu Dan (Pig Gallbladder, one)
Soak the single ingredient in half a sheng of vinegar. Boil for three ebullitions, stirring up and down. When ready, let cool to warm. Drink a full mouthful on an empty stomach; worms will die. Verified by users. (All from Volume 2, same as *Qian Jin Fang*)