病源。夫人有于眠睡中不觉尿出者。是其禀质阴气偏盛。阳气偏虚。则膀胱肾气俱冷。
不能温制于水。则小便多。或不禁而遗尿。膀胱足太阳也。为肾之腑。肾者足少阴也。为脏。
与膀胱合。俱主水。凡人之阴阳。日入阳气尽则阴受气。至夜半阴阳大会。气交则卧睡。小
便者。水液之余也。从膀胱入于胞为小便。夜卧则阳气衰伏。不能制于阴。所以阴气独发。
水下不禁。故于睡眠而不觉尿床也。（出第十四卷中）
肘后疗少小睡中遗尿不自觉方。
取鹊巢中蓐烧水。服一钱匕。即瘥。（文仲方千金同）
又方
雄鸡肝 桂心
上二味等分捣丸。服如小豆一枚。日三服。
又方
雄鸡屎白（熬） 桂心
上二味等分末。酒服方寸匕。日二。亦可除桂心。
又方
矾石（烧令汁尽） 牡蛎（熬）
上二味等分末之。以粟米粥饮服方寸匕。日三。
又方
雄鸡喉咙。及屎白 裹黄皮烧末。麦粥清尽服之。
亦可。以赤鸡翅烧末。酒服三指撮。日三。
又方
蔷薇根随多少锉捣。以酒饮之。（并出第二卷中）
病源。渴利之病。随饮小便也。此谓服石之人。房室过度。肾气虚耗故也。下焦生热。
热则肾燥。肾燥则渴。然肾虚又不能制水。故小便利也。其渴利虽瘥。热犹未尽。发于皮肤。
皮肤
近效恐肾虚热渴小便多。除风湿。理石毒。止小便。去皮肤疮。调中方。
升麻（四分） 玄参（五分） 甘草（四分炙） 知母（五分） 茯苓（三分） 牡蛎
（六分） 漏
芦（五分） 枳实（六分炙） 菝 （四分） 黄连（六分）
上十味捣筛饮汁。服方寸匕。日再服。以瘥为度。忌猪肉海藻菘菜酢物。
又方
栝蒌（八分） 茯苓（八分） 玄参（四分） 枳实（六分炙） 苦参（三分） 甘草
（三分炙）
橘皮（三分）
上七味捣筛。每空腹以浆水服方寸匕。日再服。忌海藻大酢菘菜。
【病机分析】
有的人在睡眠中不知不觉地排尿，这是因为其先天禀赋阴气偏盛，阳气偏虚，导致膀胱和肾气俱冷。由于寒气不能温煦并制约水液，所以小便频多，或者失去控制而遗尿。足太阳膀胱经是肾的腑，肾是足少阴经所属的脏，肾与膀胱相表里，共同主管水液代谢。大凡人的阴阳变化，日落时阳气耗尽则阴气受气主导，到了半夜阴阳之气大会，气机交合人体便进入睡眠状态。小便，是水液代谢后的剩余部分，从膀胱流入胞中成为小便。夜间卧床时，阳气衰微潜伏，不能制约阴气，因此阴气独自亢盛，水液下泄无法禁止，所以在睡眠中不知不觉尿床。（出自第十四卷）
《肘后备急方》治疗小儿睡中遗尿不知觉的方剂。
取喜鹊巢中的垫草烧成灰，用水冲服一钱匕的量，即可痊愈。（文仲的方子与《千金方》相同）
又一方
雄鸡肝、桂心
以上两味药等分捣碎制成丸药，每次服用如小豆大小的一枚，每日服用三次。
又一方
雄鸡屎白（炒制）、桂心
以上两味药等分为末，用酒送服一方寸匕的量，每日两次。也可以去掉桂心不用。
又一方
矾石（烧至汁液流尽）、牡蛎（炒制）
以上两味药等分为末，用小米粥汤送服一方寸匕的量，每日三次。
又一方
雄鸡喉咙及屎白、裹黄皮（蛋黄膜），烧成灰研末，用麦粥的清汁送服。
也可以用赤鸡翅烧成灰研末，用酒送服三指撮的量，每日三次。
又一方
蔷薇根，用量随意，切碎捣烂，用酒送服。（均出自第二卷）
【病机分析】
渴利这种病，特点是喝水后随即小便。这通常是指服用石药的人，因房事过度，导致肾气虚耗的缘故。下焦产生热邪，热邪导致肾燥，肾燥则口渴。然而肾虚又不能制约水液，所以小便通利。虽然口渴的症状暂时缓解，但热邪并未完全清除，若发于皮肤，可能导致皮肤病变。
《近效方》治疗因肾虚热引起的口渴、小便多，能祛除风湿，调理石毒，止住小便，去除皮肤疮疡，调和身体的方剂。
升麻（四分）、玄参（五分）、甘草（四分，炙）、知母（五分）、茯苓（三分）、牡蛎（六分）、漏芦（五分）、枳实（六分，炙）、菝葜（四分）、黄连（六分）
以上十味药捣碎过筛，煎煮取汁，服用一方寸匕的量，每日两次，以痊愈为度。忌食猪肉、海藻、菘菜（白菜类）、醋制品。
又一方
栝蒌（八分）、茯苓（八分）、玄参（四分）、枳实（六分，炙）、苦参（三分）、甘草（三分，炙）、橘皮（三分）
以上七味药捣碎过筛，每次空腹用浆水送服一方寸匕的量，每日两次。忌食海藻、大量醋、菘菜。
[Pathogenesis Analysis]
Some individuals urinate involuntarily during sleep. This condition arises because their innate constitution features an excess of Yin Qi and a deficiency of Yang Qi, leading to coldness in both the Bladder and Kidney Qi. Due to this coldness, the body fails to warm and control water metabolism, resulting in frequent urination or involuntary enuresis. The Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian is the Fu organ of the Kidney; the Kidney belongs to the Foot-Shaoyin Meridian and is the Zang organ. The Kidney and Bladder are interior-exteriorly related and jointly govern water metabolism. Generally, regarding human Yin and Yang dynamics: at sunset, Yang Qi exhausts and Yin Qi takes dominance; by midnight, Yin and Yang Qi converge, and upon their interaction, the body enters sleep. Urine is the residual part of fluid metabolism; it flows from the Bladder into the "Bao" (uterus/bladder cavity) to become urine. During nighttime rest, Yang Qi declines and becomes latent, failing to restrain Yin Qi. Consequently, Yin Qi becomes hyperactive alone, causing water to flow downward without restraint, leading to bedwetting during sleep without awareness. (From Volume 14)
*Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept in the Sleeve) prescription for treating pediatric enuresis during sleep without awareness.
Take the nesting material from a magpie's nest, burn it to ash, and administer with water. Dosage: one Qianbi (approx. 2-3 grams). The patient will recover. (This formula is also found in *Wenzhong's Formulas* and *Qianjin Fang*).
Another Prescription
Rooster Liver, Guixin (Cinnamon Twig Bark)
Grind these two ingredients in equal proportions into pills. Take one pill the size of a small bean, three times daily.
Another Prescription
Xiongjishi Bai (White excrement of rooster, stir-fried), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig Bark)
Grind these two ingredients into powder in equal proportions. Administer one Fangcunbi (approx. 5-10 ml volume) with wine, twice daily. Cinnamon twig bark may be omitted if desired.
Another Prescription
Fanshi (Alum, calcined until liquid evaporates), Muli (Oyster Shell, stir-fried)
Grind these two ingredients into powder in equal proportions. Administer one Fangcunbi with millet porridge broth, three times daily.
Another Prescription
Rooster throat and white excrement, along with the yellow membrane (egg yolk sac), burned to ash and ground into powder. Take with clear wheat porridge broth.
Alternatively, burn red chicken wings to ash, grind into powder, and take three finger-pinches with wine, three times daily.
Another Prescription
Qiangwei Gen (Root of Rosa multiflora), quantity as needed. Chop and crush, then administer with wine. (All from Volume 2)
[Pathogenesis Analysis]
The disease known as Kelii (Thirst and Polyuria) is characterized by immediate urination after drinking. This typically occurs in individuals who have taken mineral drugs (Shi Yao), due to excessive sexual activity which depletes Kidney Qi. Heat generates in the Lower Jiao, causing dryness in the Kidney; Kidney dryness leads to thirst. However, due to Kidney deficiency, water cannot be controlled, resulting in free passage of urine. Although the thirst may subside, the heat has not fully cleared. If this heat manifests on the skin, it may cause dermatological lesions.
*Jinxiao Fang* (Effective Near-at-Hand Formulas) prescription for treating thirst and polyuria caused by Kidney deficiency heat. It dispels wind-dampness, regulates mineral toxicity, stops polyuria, removes skin sores, and harmonizes the middle.
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 4 fen), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix, 5 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 4 fen, honey-fried), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 5 fen), Fuling (Poria, 3 fen), Muli (Oyster Shell, 6 fen), Loulu (Reed Rhizome, 5 fen), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 6 fen, stir-fried), Baxie (Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma, 4 fen), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 6 fen)
Grind these ten ingredients and sift. Decoct for juice. Take one Fangcunbi, twice daily. Continue until cured. Avoid pork, seaweed, Songcai (Chinese cabbage), and vinegar products.
Another Prescription
Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus, 8 fen), Fuling (Poria, 8 fen), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix, 4 fen), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 6 fen, stir-fried), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, 3 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 3 fen, honey-fried), Ju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 3 fen)
Grind these seven ingredients and sift. Take one Fangcunbi on an empty stomach with Jiangshui (fermented grain water), twice daily. Avoid seaweed, strong vinegar, and Songcai (Chinese cabbage).